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This new volume of the book series Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology provides a complete and exhaustive overview of the morphofunctional organization of the mammalian carotid body, a polymodal chemosensory organ responsible for the maintenance of blood gas homeostasis. The authors review the state of the art of the neurochemical anatomy of carotid body¿s cell populations with a special reference to their structural and neurochemical plasticity. The essential role of this organ in the generation, progression and maintenance of cardiorespiratory and metabolic diseases in humans and other mammals is presented. Finally, the book summarizes current knowledge on the stem cell niche in the mammalian carotid body and discusses its contribution to replacement cell therapy and other potential applications in translational research. This book represents an essential reading for physiologists, anatomists, cell, and developmental biologists, as wellas physicians, veterinarians, and biomedical researchers.

This new volume of our successful book series Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology focuses on the need for and use of animal models when studying endometriosis.

This new volume of our successful book series Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology is focused on mitochondrial inheritance in humans and both vertebrate and invertrebate animals including Drosophila, C.

This book presents an overview of a new group of progenitor stem cells. From here, some of these progenitor cells enter the aorta, are distributed through the vascular system and become the embryonal stem cells (reserve cells) in many peripheral tissues.

This volume provides a comprehensive and updated review of perineuronal satellite cells in sensory ganglia. However, some years ago research findings suggested that satellite cells play a role in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. As a result, satellite cells are now considered as possible targets for neuropathic pain treatment.

Over the last decades, acrosomal exocytosis (also called the ¿acrosome reaction¿) has been recognized as playing an essential role in fertilization. Secretion of this granule is an absolute requirement for physiological fertilization. In recent years, the study of mammalian acrosomal exocytosis has yielded some major advances that challenge the long-held, general paradigms in the field. Principally, the idea that sperm must be acrosome-intact to bind to the zona pellucida of unfertilized eggs, based largely on in vitro fertilization studies of mouse oocytes denuded of the cumulus oophorus, has been overturned by experiments using state-of-the-art imaging of cumulus-intact oocytes and fertilization experiments where eggs were reinseminated by acrosome-reacted sperm recovered from the perivitelline space of zygotes. From a molecular point of view, acrosome exocytosis is a synchronized and tightly regulated process mediated by molecular mechanisms that are homologous to those reportedin neuroendocrinal cell secretions. The authors provide a broader perspective, focusing on a limited number of important topics that are essential for understanding the molecular mechanisms governing this step in the fertilization process. They also discuss molecular aspects such as the signaling pathways leading to exocytosis, including the participation of ion channels, lipids, the fusion machinery proteins and the actin cytoskeleton as well as cellular aspects such as the site of acrosomal exocytosis and the use of gene-manipulated animals to study this process.

This volume of Advances Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology focuses on the emerging field of bio-image informatics, presenting novel and exciting ways of handling and interpreting large image data sets.

Based on their 'neurochemical coding', morphology, location and origin, three sensory receptor end organs are currently morphologically well-characterised: smooth muscle-associated airway receptors (SMARs), neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs) and visceral pleura receptors (VPRs).

As indicated by its title, this monograph deals chiefly with morphologically recognizable deviations from the normal anatomical condition of the human CNS. The AD process commences much earlier than the clinically recognizable phase of the disorder, and its timeline includes an extended preclinical phase.

The authors' results show that ischemia differentially activates endogenous neural precursors residing in diverse locations of the adult primate central nervous system. The presence of putative parenchymal progenitors and of sustained progenitors in germinative centers opens novel possibilities for precursor cell recruitment.

This book first presents an overview on the chemical coding of the morphological neuron types described by Stach in the pig intestine. Secondly, it provides a basis for the morpho-chemical classification of human enteric neurons as revealed by their immunoreactivity for neurofilaments and several neuroactive substances or related markers.

Since it is hardly possible to influence the first major component and improve the guidance of several thousands axons, the authors concentrated on the second major component and tried to reduce the collateral axonal branching.

How could a structure as complex as the vertebrate brain develop from the simplest multicellular animals? Natural selection offers an impeccable mechanism for the gradual transformation of species, but even Darwin sometimes expressed doubts about the origin of highly complex structures.

The prostate hosts neuroendocrine cells whose origin and functional roles warrant better understanding.

Sensory signals reach the cerebral cortex after having made synapses in different relay stations along the sensory pathway. Several lines of research indicate that the massive corticifugal system improves ongoing subcortical sensory processing and reorganizes the receptive fields in visual, auditory and somatosensory systems.

There is now growing evidence that human testicular germ cell cancer originates from fetal germ cells exhibiting an aberrant programme of gene expression, and tumour progression may be favoured by an aberrant Sertoli cell-germ cell communication.

Based on material assembled by Dr Jaap HR Schoen who was one of the few neuroanatomists to apply the Nauta method to human material. Gaining insight in the consequences of longitudinal damage to the human spinal cord is necessary before reimplantation of the avulsed rootlets or an autologous transplant can be performed in man.

in the human visceral pleura is the sole reliable criterion for the statement that it belongs to the 'thick type', while all observed animals have a 'thin' type VP. We strictly de?ned and nominated the main structures of the lymphatic regions as lymphatic units, stomata, and LL.