Society for Arabian Studies Monographs No. 6This edition of a much-valued work presents a lot of new archaeological material ordered according to a clear chronological scheme that covers what had hitherto been a problematic period spanning the end of the Iron Age and the Sasanian period in and around the Oman Peninsular. The two sites featured, Mleiha and ed-Dur, from which the material comes, are important, not only locally in terms of the history of settlement and society, but also regionally in terms of trade and contact between Arabia and the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean. additionally, the period covered by the two sites is key to some important historical themes, such as the population and culture of pre-Islamic Arabia, the spread of Mediterranean influence into Arabia during the Hellenistic and Roman periods and the general development of Arabia in the centuries before Islam.
Proceedings of the XV World Congress, UISPP, Lisbon, 4-9 September 2006. Volume 16, Session C27This book includes papers from the 'Prehistoric Art and Ideology' session (C27) held at the XV UISPP World Congress, September 2006.
Field research by Anthony Sinclair and Patrick Quinney, 1996-2001University of Southampton Series in Archaeology No.1This volume represents the efforts of a significant collaborative project and provides a completely up-to-date interpretation of the Cave of Hearths (Makapan Cave Valley, Limpopo Province, South Africa), which has played a key role in furthering knowledge of hominin prehistory and evolution in southern Africa. This work provides new analyses and interpretations of this important site and its archaeology, geology and palaeontology.
The aim of this thesis is to determine the nature of pre-contact settlement patterns and subsistence strategies on the lower Adelaide River against the backdrop of the dramatic environmental change that took place on the coastal plains of Australia in the mid to late Holocene period.
The main goal of this monograph is the study of the trade of Bracara Augusta (modern Braga, northern Portugal) based on three factors: the history of the city; the trade and the means of transportation; the study of the goods which arrived here through the amphorae and other imported pottery materials. Chapter one presents a brief analysis of the economic geography of the region, taking in account the physical idiosyncrasies of the Minho region and of the city. Chapter two presents the antecedents of the city's foundation and contextualizes it in the scene of its foundation and late development. Chapter three deals with the subject of Bracara Augusta's trade in the global parameters of the empire and its role as a redistribution centre in the peninsular north-west. Chapter four is a comparative analysis of the rhythms and patterns of consumption in the city. We also present the values and the rates of the imported pottery and estimate the approximate annual average amount and its meaning for the economicand commercial life of the city.
A study of Roman villas in North Africa (Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco).
A study of the neglected Malfese regions of southern Italy and the archaeological work undertaken in the area. The objective is to organize an excursus on the history of archaeological research carried out in the territory of the Vulture-Melfese, drawing on most recent analyses. It will includes summaries of the conclusions that have been presented and which are seen as particularly useful regarding the study of the archaeology of the region, beyond supplying the bibliography of the publications of such archaeological activity. This is organised by territory; each part of the Vulture-Melfese having the history of research described, with a discussion of the finds and a complete bibliography of all published material, including not only scholarly works but articles published in popular journals and newspapers in the Provincial and National Libraries of Potenza.
This volume is a collection of papers given at a session at the JIA 2009 conference. The thread of the contributions focuses on two concepts: Memory and Archaeology. The word "Memory" refers to the past, our individual memories and the collective ones. "Wander around memory" (Recorrer la memoria) is a Spanish phrase that means "to think in order to remember what happened". Now that retrieving (historical) memory is changing from being a commitment to being a fashion, it is more needed to "wander around memory" to set our position as professionals in archaeology. All the contributions in this volume share a common idea: the analysis of "memories" generated from conflict. Too frequently, collective memory brews around different traumatic events framed in armed conflicts. Conflict generates memory, but memory generates conflict too, feeding a vicious circle manifested in some of the processes to retrieve historical memory that are still open today.
Acts of the XIIIth Session of the EAA Congress, Zadar 2007Edited by Geertrui Blancquaert, François Malrain, Harald Stäuble and Jan VanmoerkerkeResulting from one of the EAA 2007 sessions 'Large scale territorial development and connected archaeological investigations: methodology and scientific outcome', this volume of papers focuses on the ways in which the study of large surface areas determines our perception of the past.
South Asian Archaeology Series 13Bronze art of Nepal bears its distinctive stamp on the cultural history of the country. Meager and sporadic research on the subject carried out so far deals only with the description of the features and appreciation of art objects. This volume is the first comprehensive study of ancient and medieval bronzes of Nepal in a historical perspective. The study also covers the techniques applied by Newar artists of the Kathmandu Valley to the manufacturing of bronze objects, and gives a brief outline of the political history of Nepal with a view to placing the country's bronze art in a historical perspective. The earliest evidence of metallurgical work in Nepal consists of a large number of silver and gold coins excavated from the Painted Grey Ware (PGW) site of Tilaurakot in the valley and dated to 5th - 2nd century BC. The history of bronze art in the valley begins with the Lichhavi period, dated to 5th - 9th centuries AD. This period is also represented by stone sculptures in the Gupta style of India. In several appendices the author provides useful information in respect of various museums and private collections. 97 published inscriptions of ancient and medieval periods are included as well as a glossary of technical terms relating to temple architecture, stone and bronze art objects. The study gives a comprehensive picture of the bronze work in Nepal in all its aspects and is based on detailed field work and library research. It will be an invaluable aid for future research on bronze art in Nepal.
South American Archaeology Series No 12This book assesses the patterns of morphological variation in Late Holocene human populations of Pampa and Continental Patagonia in southern South America, using postcranial skeletons to discuss the evolutionary processes that shaped those patterns. It represents the first regionally and temporally delimited survey of postcranial variation during the Late Holocene in this part of South America. The region concerned is the last continental fringe populated by modern humans. It is moderate in terms of temperature variation compared with other parts of the World. Considering the particular characteristics of the study area, the data and the results obtained are significant to describe the patterns and processes of postcranial metric variation, as well as to understand the complexity of the postcranial diversification processes in modern humans.
South American Archaeology Series No 13The aim of this investigation is to evaluate, through technology, the mobility of hunter- gatherers who inhabited the northwest of Santa Cruz province (Patagonia, Argentina) during the late Holocene. Studying the technological aspects of the archaeological record recovered in areas with different ecological characteristics (low lake basins and high plateaux), the objective is not only to show its variability but also to explain it in relationship with the organization of groups living in specific climatic conditions.
A study of cultural change and development from the Mesolithic to the Neolithic in the north and central Sudan.
A collection of articles on the use of analytical methods in studies concerning geospatial analysis and data integration for cultural heritage evaluation. This volume is presented as a collection of self-contained articles providing easy access to suit the requirements and interests of individual readers. In order to be self-contained, each article is prefaced by a general introduction which briefly provides the theoretical principles and the general background of the discussed methods or techniques.
An art historical/contextual study of various representations of the Russian/Ukrainian saints Boris and Gleb, the first saints to be canonized after the country's Christianization. They were martyred between 1015-19 and buried in the Vyshhorod Cathedral. They are traditionally represented as two young princes, holding either a martyr's cross or armed with swords or spears.
Proceedings of the XVI World Congress of the International Union of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences (Florianopolis, Brazil, 4-10 September 2011). Volume 1, Session 17Edited by Emmanuel Anati (Chairman) , Luiz Oosterbeek (Co-Chairman) and Federico Mailland (Co-editor)
This study examines the domestic architecture produced by the Late Dorset, an Arctic-adapted hunter-gatherer society which occupied much of the Eastern North American Arctic between circa 1500 B.P. and 500 B.P. Throughout this research, architecture, like any artefact class, is considered a dynamic and socially constructed technology that is produced, maintained, and transmitted by its practitioners. It is replicated via sequences of learned actions or techniques; patterns thus result from adherence to cultural standards while differences represent instances of technological divergence. Such departures are typically ignored or suppressed in closed systems, although they can be tolerated or even widely adopted in more flexible ones. In order to identify and explore patterning in Late Dorset domestic architecture, this analysis adopts a methodological strategy centred on the chaîne opératoire. Viewed through the lens of chaîne opératoire, domestic architecture is treated as a conduit for informing on Late Dorset social structure and organisation. As part of this investigation, a multi-scalar research design was implemented. The first analytical scale examined architecture across the entire Eastern Arctic Palaeoeskimo period in order to recognise regional patterns of behavioural variability. The second stage of analysis focused on the micro-scale study of architectural remains from three locations, each presented as fully contextualised case studies.
This volume presents research on the early Middle Palaeolithic in Cantabrian Spain (northern Atlantic façade), in particular on the economic and social behaviour of the Neanderthal groups living in the region between OIS 7 and OIS 4. The study is focused on the production, management and use of lithic tools, the strategies to capture and work with animal and plant resources, the ways of exploiting the territory and the range of social organisation within a diachronic and regional framework. This approach emphasises the reconstruction of the whole technical system as it reflects the social system and the historical dynamics in which it developed.
Archeologia di una battaglia e delle sue fortificazioni sulle Alpi fra Piemonte e Delfinato Italia nord-occidentale
The first five centuries of Christian pre-eminence in what is now modern Hungary present their own special questions. Among them, did the end of the 5th century mean a real break in the whole of the Christian world or only in Pannonia (modern Hungary), or should a chronological boundary be drawn at some other date? This survey divides the period into two, before and after Constantine (ancient and early Christianity), and, from the evidence of the finds, explores the important changes that occurred in the era. The results throw considerable light on the populations of the various faiths and the gradual acknowledgment of the Christian religion.
The author sets himself two objectives in this study. One is to introduce alternative methods for the construction of chronological frameworks in order to determine the development sequence of Chalcolithic (5100-3500 BC) society in the Jordan Valley region of the southern Levant. In this regard, the work addresses a number of issues relating to settlement and social change throughout the period and proposes several explanations based on the sequence of events. The second objective is to evaluate the theoretical and methodological understandings associated with the classification of chronological units. This study advocates the integration of all sources of chronological information for the purpose of constructing regional sequences. In the final analysis, the agreement of both the relative and the radiocarbon sequence is considered.
The Nordic Bronze Age provides rich and well-preserved material, including large amounts of Central European bronze. It was the northern extention of the European Bronze Age cultures, and was included in this sphere rather late. But when it happened, Nordic societies got fully engaged in large-scale bronze metallurgy and adopted many elements of foreign symbolism. This book focusses on the earliest Nordic Bronze Age, at the outset of large-scale bronze import and metallurgy - when new forms of hierarchies and leadership were in the making. A specific category of objects, the bronze scimitars of Southeastern Scandinavia, provides the opportunity to explore the issues of scale, distance and context.
Edited by Rachel Ives, Daniel Lines, Christopher Naunton and Nina WahlbergFollowing a successful inaugural event at the University of Oxford and an expanded second at the University of Liverpool, the Third Symposium for Current Research in Egyptology was held in December 2001, at the University of Birmingham. The symposium was again successful in bringing together UK-based graduate students of Egyptology to provide an opportunity to disseminate the results of their research. It also served to encourage communication between an otherwise disparate group of students spread across the various Egyptological institutions throughout the country. Indeed, speakers came from nine different institutions and the papers presented illustrated well the broad range of topics currently being studied throughout the United Kingdom. The topics of the 9 featured papers include: The Lotus Reborn: the creation and distribution of the Description de L'Égypte; The arrival of the horse in Egypt: new approaches and a hypothesis; Aspects of the Hyksos' role in Egyptian society from the artistic evidence; Some thoughts on the social organisation of dockyards during the new kingdom; Egyptian blue: where, when, how?; The specialness of science: it's all in the mind; Crossing the night: the depiction of mythological landscapes in the Am Duat of the New Kingdom Royal Necropolis; Trends in burial evidence: evaluating expectations for the regional and temporal distribution of mortuary behaviour in Predynastic Egypt; Representations of Hathor and Mut in the Hibis temple.
In this volume the author studies Roman baths in Israel, including a section on the miqveh (ritual Jewish bath), which first appears in the 2nd century BCE and becomes a fairly common feature both of Hellenistic private baths and other areas such as cemeteries, oil or wine presses and synagogues in Palestine in the 1st century BCE. The geographical limits of this study are set by the ancient identification of Palestine that is Cis- and Transjordania and the scope covers the time between the reign of Alexander Jannai (103-76 BCE) and the Muslim conquest (640 CE). The author draws a picture of the development of Roman baths and thermae in Palestine using a combination of literary and archaeological sources. This includes not only an account of the purely architectural development of the buildings, but also an account of the development of the institution of "bathing the Roman way" itself and the utilisation of the Roman baths and thermae in Palestine. The book concludes with a complete catalogue of baths in Roman Palestine and a selective catalogue of Miqva'ot in Roman Palestine.
Central European Series 2In this work the author investigates the pre-Turkish Hungarian landscape and describes how medieval woodland functioned. (Particular attention is given to the woods around Pilis and Bakony.) In combining this with evidence still visible on the ground, the author goes further than seeing trees and woods as mere "environment". His study in important in that it begins to trace a common tradition of cultural landscapes in north and central Europe, taking into account coppicing, 'royal forests', common and private woodland, pollarding, monastic usages, etc.
This volume contains a range of papers from a seminar held in Oxford in 2005. What did 'art' in its widest sense mean to 'them', the Romans, and what might it (or even should it), mean to us? The approach adopted avoids fashionable 'theory', mainly culled second-hand from the social sciences, and tries to engage directly with material culture.
Studies in Contemporary and Historical Archaeology 2Studies in Contemporary and Historical Archaeology is a new series of edited and single-authored volumes intended to make available current work on the archaeology of the recent and contemporary past. The series brings together contributions from academic historical archaeologists, professional archaeologists and practitioners from cognate disciplines who are engaged with archaeological material and practices. In this, the second volume in the series, the author presents a nuanced account of 19th and 20th century forest sawmill communities in southern Victoria, Australia. Weaving together archaeological and historical data, issues of community development, isolation, integration, and consumption practices are sensitively explored. Not only does the volume make a valuable contribution to the historical archaeology of rural Australia, but it provides an extended case study for others studying the history and archaeology of temporary work communities elsewhere in the emerging modern world.
Freiburg Dissertations in Aegean ArchaeologyThe subject of this study is middle-Minoan fine ware, also known as 'Kamares'-ware. Earlier scholars were adapting typological and stylistic results for psychological explanations and therefore the meanings of motifs on vases from the point of view of the perceptions of the original artists and the users of their vessels have been misunderstood. The author presents a catalogue of motifs that can be established as ancient units of thought by means of various criteria. This panorama of motifs is introduced according to the nature of their use on vessels. These include examples of vessel-specific (connecting the surface of the vessel and the image space), representative, contextualizing, informational, imitative, syntactic, 'accentualizing', and general indicative characteristics. This catalogue of motifs leads to a better understanding of the differentiated forms of expression in Middle Minoan ornament. On the basis of this compilation of motifs quintessential new themes can be discussed (among them play, symbolism and symmetry) and thus contributing to an 'ornamentic' value of motif and vessel. The appendix offers an overview of motifs designated by the author and shows a selection of vessels central to the present argument.
Symposia of the Association for Environmental Archaeology No.2
Examining the use of Tholos Tomb C and Burial Building 19 and the role of illumination in relation to mortuary practices and the perception of life and death by the livingA virtual reconstruction of the Minoan Cemetery at Phourni, Archanes (Crete), examining the use of Tholos Tomb C and Burial Building 19 and the role of illumination, in relation to mortuary practices and the perception of life and death by the living. This computer-based research provides scientists with an alternative reading of the dataset from the Minoan cemetery at Phourni, Archanes; the analysis attempts to evaluate the tomb architecture, use, visual impact, and capacity over different time periods,as well as the contribution of light to determine not only practical purposes, but also philosophical and religious beliefs.
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