Böcker i Geophysical Monograph Series-serien

Over a half century of exploration of the Earth's space environment, it has become evident that the interaction between the ionosphere and the magnetosphere plays a dominant role in the evolution and dynamics of magnetospheric plasmas and fields. Interestingly, it was recently discovered that this same interaction is of fundamental importance at other planets and moons throughout the solar system. Based on papers presented at an interdisciplinary AGU Chapman Conference at Yosemite National Park in February 2014, this volume provides an intellectual and visual journey through our exploration and discovery of the paradigm-changing role that the ionosphere plays in determining the filling and dynamics of Earth and planetary environments. The 2014 Chapman conference marks the 40th anniversary of the initial magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling conference at Yosemite in 1974, and thus gives a four decade perspective of the progress of space science research in understanding these fundamental coupling processes. Digital video links to an online archive containing both the 1974 and 2014 meetings are presented throughout this volume for use as an historical resource by the international heliophysics and planetary science communities.Topics covered in this volume include:* Ionosphere as a source of magnetospheric plasma* Effects of the low energy ionospheric plasma on the stability and creation of the more energetic plasmas* The unified global modeling of the ionosphere and magnetosphere at the Earth and other planets* New knowledge of these coupled interactions for heliophysicists and planetary scientists, with a cross-disciplinary approach involving advanced measurement and modeling techniquesMagnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in the Solar System is a valuable resource for researchers in the fields of space and planetary science, atmospheric science, space physics, astronomy, and geophysics.Read an interview with the editors to find out more:https://eos.org/editors-vox/filling-earths-space-environment-from-the-sun-or-the-earth

Uncertainties are pervasive in natural hazards, and it is crucial to develop robust and meaningful approaches to characterize and communicate uncertainties to inform modeling efforts. In this monograph we provide a broad, cross-disciplinary overview of issues relating to uncertainties faced in natural hazard and risk assessment.

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 152

"This work is a co-publication between the American Geophysical Union and John Wiley and Sons, Inc."

The aurora is the most visible manifestation of the connection of the Earth to the space environment and has inspired awe, curiosity, and scientific inquiry for centuries.

Neotectonics involves the study of the motions and deformations of the Earth's crust that are current or recent in geologic time. The Mediterranean region is one of the most important regions for neotectonics and related natural hazards. This volume focuses on the neotectonics of the Eastern Mediterranean region, which has experienced many major extensive earthquakes, including the devastating Izmit, Turkey earthquake on August 17, 1999. The event lasted for 37 seconds, killing around 17,000 people, injuring 44,000 people, and leaving approximately half a million people homeless. Since then, several North American, European, and Turkish research groups have studied the neotectonics and earthquake potential of the region using different geological and geophysical methods, including GPS studies, geodesy, and passive source seismology. Some results from their studies were presented in major North American and European geological meetings.This volume highlights the work involving the Eastern Mediterranean region, which has one of the world's longest and best studied active strike-slip (horizontal motion) faults: the east-west trending North Anatolian fault zone, which is very similar to the San Andreas fault in California. This volume features discussions of:* Widespread applications in measuring plate motion that have strong implications in predicting natural disasters like earthquakes, both on a regional and a global scale* Recent motions, particularly those produced by earthquakes, that provide insights on the physics of earthquake recurrence, the growth of mountains, orogenic movements, and seismic hazards* Unique methodical approaches in collecting tectonophysical data, including field, seismic, experimental, computer-based, and theoretical approaches.Active Global Seismology is a valuable resource for geoscientists, particularly in the field of tectonophysics, geophysics, geodynamics, seismology, structural geology, environmental geology, and geoengineering.

"This works is a co-publication between the American Geophysical Union and John Wiley & Sons, Inc."

Global Vegetation Dynamics: Concepts and Applications in MC1 model describes the creation in the mid 1990s, architecture, uses, and limitations of the MC1 dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM) that is being used by an increasing number of research groups around the world.

Deep Earth: Physics and Chemistry of the Lower Mantle and Core highlights recent advances and the latest views of the deep Earth from theoretical, experimental, and observational approaches and offers insight into future research directions on the deep Earth.

The Terrestrial Water Cycle: Natural and Human-Induced Changes is a comprehensive volume that investigates the changes in the terrestrial water cycle and the natural and anthropogenic factors that cause these changes.

Hawaiian Volcanoes, From Source to Surface is the outcome of an AGU Chapman Conference held on the Island of Hawai'i in August 2012. As such, this monograph contains a diversity of research results that highlight the current understanding of how Hawaiian volcanoes work and point out fundamental questions requiring additional exploration.Volume highlights include:* Studies that span a range of depths within Earth, from the deep mantle to the atmosphere* Methods that cross the disciplines of geochemistry, geology, and geophysics to address issues of fundamental importance to Hawai'i's volcanoes* Data for use in comparisons with other volcanoes, which can benefit from, and contribute to, a better understanding of Hawai'i* Discussions of the current issues that need to be addressed for a better understanding of Hawaiian volcanismHawaiian Volcanoes, From Source to Surface will be a valuable resource not only for researchers studying basaltic volcanism and scientists generally interested in volcanoes, but also students beginning their careers in geosciences. This volume will also be of great interest to igneous petrologists, geochemists, and geophysicists.

All magnetized planets in our solar system interact strongly with the solar wind and possess well developed magneto tails. This book includes a discussion of why a magnetotail is a fundamental issue in magneto spheric physics. It is a collection of tutorials that cover a large range of magneto tails in our solar system; and more.

"This work is a co-publicatio between the American Geophysical Union and John Wiley & Sons, Inc."

The Galápagos Islands are renown for their unique flora and fauna, inspiring Charles Darwin in the elaboration of his theory of evolution. Yet in his Voyage of the Beagle, published in 1839, Darwin also remarked on the fascinating geology and volcanic origin of these enchanted Islands. Since then, the Galápagos continue to provide scientists with inspiration and invaluable information about ocean island formation and evolution, mantle plumes, and the deep Earth.Motivated by an interdisciplinary Chapman Conference held in the Islands, this AGU volume provides cross-disciplinary collection of recent research into the origin and nature of ocean islands, from their deepest roots in Earth's mantle, to volcanism, surface processes, and the interface between geology and biodiversity.Volume highlights include:* Case studies in biogeographical, hydrological, and chronological perspective* Understanding the connection between geological processes and biodiversity* Synthesis of decades of interdisciplinary research in physical processes from surface to deep interior of the earth* In-depth discussion of the concept of the island acting as a natural laboratory for earth scientists* Integrated understanding of the Galápagos region from a geological perspectiveCollectively, The Galápagos presents case studies illustrating the Galápagos Archipelago as a dynamic natural laboratory for the earth sciences. This book would be of special interest to a multidisciplinary audience in earth sciences, including petrologists, volcanologists, geochronologists, geochemists, and geobiologists.

Surface, intermediate, and deep-water processes and their interaction in time and space drive the major ocean circulation of the Mediterranean Sea. This book investigates the temporal and spatial variability patterns in the ocean basin.

Low-frequency waves in space plasmas have been studied for several decades, and our knowledge gain has been incremental with several paradigm-changing leaps forward. In our solar system, such waves occur in the ionospheres and magnetospheres of planets, and around our Moon.

This monograph is the outcome of an American Geophysical Union Chapman Conference on longitude and hemispheric dependence of ionospheric space weather, including the impact of waves propagating from the lower atmosphere.

Subduction dynamics has been actively studied through seismology, mineral physics, and laboratory and numerical experiments.

The Early Earth: Accretion and Differentiation provides a multidisciplinary overview of the state of the art in understanding the formation and primordial evolution of the Earth. The fundamental structure of the Earth as we know it today was inherited from the initial conditions 4.56 billion years ago as a consequence of planetesimal accretion, large impacts among planetary objects, and planetary-scale differentiation. The evolution of the Earth from a molten ball of metal and magma to the tectonically active, dynamic, habitable planet that we know today is unique among the terrestrial planets, and understanding the earliest processes that led to Earth's current state is the essence of this volume. Important results have emerged from a wide range of disciplines including cosmochemistry, geochemistry, experimental petrology, experimental and theoretical mineral physics and geodynamics.The topics in this volume include:* Condensation of primitive objects in the solar nebula, planetary building blocks* Early and late accretion and planetary dynamic modeling* Primordial differentiation, core formation, Magma Ocean evolution and crystallizationThis volume will be a valuable resource for graduate students, academics, and researchers in the fields of geophysics, geochemistry, cosmochemistry, and planetary science.

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 176

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 138

Ocean impacts on Earth's climate are due to thermal, freshwater, and dynamic interactions between elements of the climate system. The Oceans and Rapid Climate Change: Past, Present, and Future presents a unique multidisciplinary perspective on rapid past and possible future climate change. By focusing on ocean processes in conjunction with other climatic elements, the authors of this volume address fundamental unresolved issues of climatology and paleoclimatology, including factors that may influence internal long-term variability of the climate system. Discussions of paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic reconstructions parallel efforts in modeling past and future, colder and warmer, climates. A significant resource for scientists, researchers, students and others interested in paleoclimatology, paleoceanography, and the future of Earth's climate system.

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 125

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 123