Böcker i Springer Astrophysics and Cosm-serien

NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and ESA's XMM-Newton Observatory have been the pioneering satellites for studying the Universe with X-rays and the cornerstone of X-ray spectroscopy since their launches more than 20 years ago. The onboard gratings provide us a unique opportunity to distinguish individual spectral lines from different atoms thanks to their high energy resolutions. Enormous discoveries have been achieved by these two missions when observing a variety of X-ray-emitting astronomical objects, such as black holes, supernova remnants, clusters of galaxies, and stars. However, the data are limited to fairly bright X-ray sources. The recent JAXA's mission Hitomi opened a new window of high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy thanks to its onboard X-ray calorimeter. Although this mission was shortly terminated due to a mishap, Hitomi left behind a few sets of observations awaiting more data mining. The first half of this book introduces the history of high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy and different generations of X-ray spectrometers. A tutorial guide on how to reduce, analyze, and understand the astronomical data from Chandra, XMM-Newton, and Hitomi is also included. The second half of the book reviews past results obtained by the high-resolution spectrometers on these missions on multiple topics and discusses possible discoveries by upcoming missions in the next decade.

This book presents the first comprehensive exploration of the state of this well studied and thus unsolved mystery of the value of the Hubble constant. Chapters covering data, systematics, independent methodologies, and theoretical explanations are authored by distinguished subject-matter experts. Tailored for scientists in the field or adjacent fields, this book provides a resource of insights and also an in-depth background sufficient for motivating future study. Key Features: Introduction: Written by the Nobel Laureate Adam Riess. Measurement Techniques: Gain a profound understanding of the leading Hubble constant measurement techniques, from parallax and masers to supernovae and cosmic chronometers, dissected by leading authorities on each. Systematic Errors: A deep dive into the complexities of data. Experts scrutinize potential sources of systematics that may contribute to the observed disagreements, offering a nuanced view of the challenges in Hubble constant determinations. Theoretical Explanations and Progress: A review of the theoretical explanations, some that are still standing, and some that have been ruled out; all of which have led to scientific progress toward the truth. A Comprehensive Take: This book covers every key and influential aspect to the dilemma of the Hubble tension to date and has gathered world-leading voices on each respective topic.

This book highlights the fundamental physics of orbit theory, dynamical models, methods of orbit determination, design, measurement, adjustment, and complete calculations for the position, tracking, and prediction of satellites and deep spacecraft. It emphasizes specific methods, related mathematical calculations, and worked examples and exercises. Therefore, technicians and engineers in the aerospace industry can directly apply them to their practical work. Dedicated to undergraduate students and graduate students, researchers, and professionals in astronomy, physics, space science, and related aerospace industries, the book is an integrated work based on the accumulated knowledge in satellite orbit dynamics and the author¿s more than five decades of personal research and teaching experience in astronomy and aerospace dynamics.