Green communications is a very hot topic. As mobile networks evolve in terms of higher rates/throughput, a consequent impact on operating costs is due to (aggregate) network energy consumption. As such, design on 4G networks and beyond have increasingly started to focus on 'energy efficiency or so-called green networks.
A COMPREHENSIVE RESOURCE COVERING ALL THE KEY AREAS OF SMART GRID COMMUNICATION INFRASTRUCTURES Smart grid is a transformational upgrade to the traditional power grid that adds communication capabilities, intelligence and modern control. Smart Grid Communication Infrastructures is a comprehensive guide that addresses communication infrastructures, related applications and other issues related to the smart grid. The text shows how smart grid departs from the traditional power grid technology. Fundamentally, smart grid has advanced communication infrastructures to achieve two-way information exchange between service providers and customers. Grid operations in smart grid have proven to be more efficient and more secure because of the communication infrastructures and modern control. Smart Grid Communication Infrastructures examines and summarizes the recent advances in smart grid communications, big data analytics and network security. The authors - noted experts in the field - review the technologies, applications and issues in smart grid communication infrastructure. This important resource: Offers a comprehensive review of all areas of smart grid communication infrastructures Includes an ICT framework for smart grid Contains a review of self-sustaining wireless neighborhoods that are network designed Presents design and analysis of a wireless monitoring network for transmission lines in smart grid Written for graduate students, professors, researchers, scientists, practitioners and engineers, Smart Grid Communication Infrastructures is the comprehensive resource that explores all aspects of the topic.
An authoritative guide to the various systems related to navigation, control, and other instrumentation used in a typical aircraftAircraft Systems offers an examination of the most recent developments in aviation as it relates to instruments, radio navigation, and communication. Written by a noted authority in the field, the text includes in-depth descriptions of traditional systems, reviews the latest developments, as well as gives information on the technologies that are likely to emerge in the future. The author presents material on essential topics including instruments, radio propagation, communication, radio navigation, inertial navigation, and puts special emphasis on systems based on MEMS.This vital resource also provides chapters on solid state gyroscopes, magnetic compass, propagation modes of radio waves, and format of GPS signals. Aircraft Systems is an accessible text that includes an investigation of primary and secondary radar, the structure of global navigation satellite systems, and more. This important text:* Contains a description of the historical development of the latest technological developments in aircraft instruments, communications and navigation* Gives several "interesting diversion" topics throughout the chapters that link the topics discussed to other developments in aerospace* Provides examples of instruments and navigation systems in actual use in cockpit photographs obtained during the authors work as a flight instructor* Includes numerous worked examples of relevant calculations throughout the text and a set of problems at the end of each chapterWritten for upper undergraduates in aerospace engineering and pilots in training, Aircraft Systems offers an essential guide to both the traditional and most current developments in aviation as it relates to instruments, radio navigation, and communication.
From mobile, cable-free re-charging of electric vehicles, smart phones and laptops to collecting solar electricity from orbiting solar farms, wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies offer consumers and society enormous benefits.
A comprehensive guide to the theory and practice of signal enhancement and array signal processing, including matlab codes, exercises and instructor and solution manuals Systematically introduces the fundamental principles, theory and applications of signal enhancement and array signal processing in an accessible manner Offers an updated and relevant treatment of array signal processing with rigor and concision Features a companion website that includes presentation files with lecture notes, homework exercises, course projects, solution manuals, instructor manuals, and Matlab codes for the examples in the book
The practical and comprehensive guide to the creation and application of hologramsWritten by Martin Richardson (an acclaimed leader and pioneer in the field) and John Wiltshire, The Hologram: Principles and Techniques is an important book that explores the various types of hologram in their multiple forms and explains how to create and apply the technology. The authors offer an insightful overview of the currently available recording materials, chemical formulas, and laser technology that includes the history of phase imaging and laser science. Accessible and comprehensive, the text contains a step-by-step guide to the production of holograms. In addition, The Hologram outlines the most common problems encountered in producing satisfactory images in the laboratory, as well as dealing with the wide range of optical and chemical techniques used in commercial holography.The Hologram is a well-designed instructive tool, involving three distinct disciplines: physics, chemistry, and graphic arts. This vital resource offers a guide to the development and understanding of the recording of materials, optics and processing chemistry in holography and:* Discusses the pros and cons of the currently available recording materials* Provides tutorials on the types of lasers required and optical systems, as well as diffraction theory and wave front reconstruction* Details the chemical formulations for processing techniquesResearchers and technicians working in academia and those employed in commercial laboratories on the production of holograms as well as students of the sciences will find The Hologram to be a comprehensive and effective resource.
The essential guide to state-of-the art mobile positioning and tracking techniques fully updated for new and emerging trends in the field Mobile Positioning and Tracking, Second Edition explores state-of-the-art mobile positioning solutions applied on top of current wireless communication networks.
Written by a team of experts at the forefront of the cyber-physical systems (CPS) revolution, this book provides an in-depth look at security and privacy, two of the most critical challenges facing both the CPS research and development community and ICT professionals.
An essential reference to the modeling techniques of wind turbine systems for the application of advanced control methods This book covers the modeling of wind power and application of modern control methods to the wind power control--specifically the models of type 3 and type 4 wind turbines. The modeling aspects will help readers to streamline the wind turbine and wind power plant modeling, and reduce the burden of power system simulations to investigate the impact of wind power on power systems. The use of modern control methods will help technology development, especially from the perspective of manufacturers. Chapter coverage includes: status of wind power development, grid code requirements for wind power integration; modeling and control of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine generator (WTG); optimal control strategy for load reduction of full scale converter (FSC) WTG; clustering based WTG model linearization; adaptive control of wind turbines for maximum power point tracking (MPPT); distributed model predictive active power control of wind power plants and energy storage systems; model predictive voltage control of wind power plants; control of wind power plant clusters; and fault ride-through capability enhancement of VSC HVDC connected offshore wind power plants. Modeling and Modern Control of Wind Power also features tables, illustrations, case studies, and an appendix showing a selection of typical test systems and the code of adaptive and distributed model predictive control. Analyzes the developments in control methods for wind turbines (focusing on type 3 and type 4 wind turbines) Provides an overview of the latest changes in grid code requirements for wind power integration Reviews the operation characteristics of the FSC and DFIG WTG Presents production efficiency improvement of WTG under uncertainties and disturbances with adaptive control Deals with model predictive active and reactive power control of wind power plants Describes enhanced control of VSC HVDC connected offshore wind power plants Modeling and Modern Control of Wind Power is ideal for PhD students and researchers studying the field, but is also highly beneficial to engineers and transmission system operators (TSOs), wind turbine manufacturers, and consulting companies.
Classic power system dynamics text now with phasor measurement and simulation toolboxThis new edition addresses the needs of dynamic modeling and simulation relevant to power system planning, design, and operation, including a systematic derivation of synchronous machine dynamic models together with speed and voltage control subsystems. Reduced-order modeling based on integral manifolds is used as a firm basis for understanding the derivations and limitations of lower-order dynamic models. Following these developments, multi-machine model interconnected through the transmission network is formulated and simulated using numerical simulation methods. Energy function methods are discussed for direct evaluation of stability. Small-signal analysis is used for determining the electromechanical modes and mode-shapes, and for power system stabilizer design.Time-synchronized high-sampling-rate phasor measurement units (PMUs) to monitor power system disturbances have been implemented throughout North America and many other countries. In this second edition, new chapters on synchrophasor measurement and using the Power System Toolbox for dynamic simulation have been added. These new materials will reinforce power system dynamic aspects treated more analytically in the earlier chapters.Key features:* Systematic derivation of synchronous machine dynamic models and simplification.* Energy function methods with an emphasis on the potential energy boundary surface and the controlling unstable equilibrium point approaches.* Phasor computation and synchrophasor data applications.* Book companion website for instructors featuring solutions and PowerPoint files. Website for students featuring MATLAB files.Power System Dynamics and Stability, 2nd Edition, with Synchrophasor Measurement and Power System Toolbox combines theoretical as well as practical information for use as a text for formal instruction or for reference by working engineers.
In diesem Buch werden Strategien für das Design und die Implementierung von Common-Mode-Suppressed-Balanced-Mikrowellenfiltern, einschließlich Schmalband-, Breitband- und Ultra-Breitband-Filter.Untersucht werden Differential-Mode- oder Balanced-Mikrowellenfilter. Dabei werden verschiedene praktische Umsetzungen dieser passiven Komponenten diskutiert. Zu den Themen gehören: Selective-Mode-Suppression, Designs auf der Grundlage von verteilten und Semi-Lumped Ansätzen, Mehrschichttechnologien, Defect-Ground-Strukturen, gekoppelten Resonatoren, Metamaterialien, Interferenztechniken und substratintegrierten Wellenleitern usw.
The last few decades have seen an unprecedented surge of technological advancement, particularly in the area of computer science, resulting in some of the most revolutionary human inventions yet. The continuous integration of computational resources into all kinds of objects has made our tools intelligent .
Product Training for the Technical Expert is an attempt to fill a very large gap in the engineering product training field.
A comprehensive guide that addresses the theory and practice of spatial audio This book provides readers with the principles and best practices in spatial audio signal processing.
OFFERS A COMPREHENSIVE INTRODUCTION TO THE ISSUES OF CONTROL OF POWER SYSTEMS DURING CASCADING OUTAGES AND RESTORATION PROCESS Power System Control Under Cascading Failures offers comprehensive coverage of three major topics related to prevention of cascading power outages in a power transmission grid: modelling and analysis, system separation and power system restoration. The book examines modelling and analysis of cascading failures for reliable and efficient simulation and better understanding of important mechanisms, as well as root causes and propagation patterns of failures and power outages. It also covers controlled system separation to mitigate cascading failures addressing key questions such as where, when and how to separate. The text explores optimal system restoration from cascading power outages and blackouts by well-designed milestones, optimised procedures and emerging techniques. The authors -- noted experts in the field -- include state-of-the-art methods that are illustrated in detail as well as practical examples that show how to use them to address realistic problems and improve current practices. This important resource: Contains comprehensive coverage of a focused area of cascading power system outages, addressing modelling and analysis, system separation and power system restoration Offers a description of theoretical models to analyse outages, methods to identify control actions to prevent propagation of outages and restore the system Suggests state-of-the-art methods that are illustrated in detail with hands-on examples that address realistic problems to help improve current practices Includes companion website with samples, codes and examples to support the text Written for postgraduate students, researchers, specialists, planners and operation engineers from industry, Power System Control Under Cascading Failures contains a review of a focused area of cascading power system outages, addresses modelling and analysis, system separation, and power system restoration
A comprehensive review of the development, challenges and utilisation of magnetic field measurement Magnetic Field Measurement with Applications to Modern Power Grids offers an authoritative review of the development of magnetic field measurement and the application of the technology to the smart grid. The authors, noted experts in the field, present the challenges to the field of magnetics and explore the use of cutting-edge magnetic technology in the development of the smart grid. In addition, the authors discuss the applications of magnetic field measurements in substations, generation systems, transmission systems and distribution systems. The specialized applications of magnetic field measurements in these venues are explored, including the typical sensors used, the field strength levels and spectral frequencies involved and the mathematics that are needed to process data measurements. The book presents the complex topic of electromagnetics in clear and understandable terms. Magnetic Field Measurement with Applications to Modern Power Grids offers researchers in the magnetic community a guide to the progress of the smart grid and helps to inspire innovation of magnetic technologies in the smart grid. The technologies of measurement are a bridge between mathematical models and application oriented practice. The book is a guide to that bridge and: Offers a comprehensive review of the development of magnetic field measurement Shows how magnetic field measurement applies to the smart grid Outlines the challenges, trends and needs for future magnetic measurement systems Includes information on the need for levels of standardisation, smart grid applications and innovative sensors Written for researchers in smart grid technology, power engineers, power grid companies and professionals in the measurement and test industries, Magnetic Field Measurement with Applications to Modern Power Grids is an authoritative guide that offers a clear understanding of the relationship between the magnetic field measurement and power grids.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF THE THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF RADOME DESIGN WITH SIMULATION EXAMPLES Radome Electromagnetic Theory and Design explores the theoretical tools and methods required to design radomes that are fully transparent to the electromagnetic energy transmitted or received by the enclosed antenna. A radome is a weatherproof and camouflaged enclosure that protects the enclosed radar or communication antenna. Radomes are typically used on a fixed or moving platform such as an aircraft, ship or missile. The author -- a noted expert in the field -- examines the theoretical methods that apply to all types of radome: planar, conformal, airborne and ground based. The text offers a description of the various measurement methods that characterise the electrical parameters of a radome, and discusses their merits in terms of accuracy. This groundbreaking book brings together in one volume all the necessary theoretical tools to design radomes. This important text: Includes antenna theory and applications that draw from many disciplines of electromagnetics, transmission, scattering and measuring characterisation methods Offers information on applications that include radar and communication antennas mounted on fixed locations, aircrafts, UAV, missiles, ships and satellite communication antennas Contains the theoretical background of the radome Presents a practical display of design graphs and examples, drawing on the author's background as a practicing engineer with academic theoretical design experience Written for research and industrial professional engineers, Radome Electromagnetic Theory and Design offers a comprehensive volume to all aspects of theoretical design and optimisation of radomes.
A novel approach to decision engineering, with a verified framework for modeling human reasoningSoft Computing Evaluation Logic provides an in-depth examination of evaluation decision problems and presents comprehensive guidance toward the use of the Logic Scoring of Preference (LSP) method in modeling complex decision criteria. Fully aligned with current developments in computational intelligence, the discussion covers the design and use of LSP criteria for evaluation and comparison in diverse areas, such as search engines, medical conditions, real estate, space management, habitat mitigation projects in ecology, and land use and residential development suitability maps, with versatile transfer to other similar decision-modeling contexts.Human decision making is rife with fuzziness, imprecision, uncertainty, and half-truths--yet humans make evaluation decisions every day. In this book, such decision processes are observed, analyzed, and modeled. The result is graded logic, a soft computing mathematical infrastructure that provides both formal logic and semantic generalizations of classical Boolean logic. Graded logic is used for logic aggregation in the context of evaluation models consistent with observable properties of human reasoning. The LSP method, based on graded logic and logic aggregation, is a vital component of an industrial-strength decision engineering framework. Thus, the book:* Provides detailed theoretical background for graded logic* Provides a theory of logic aggregators* Explains the LSP method for designing complex evaluation criteria and their use* Shows techniques for evaluation, comparison, and selection of complex systems, as well as the cost/suitability analysis, optimization, sensitivity analysis, tradeoff analysis, and missingness-tolerant aggregation* Includes a survey of available LSP software tools, including ISEE, ANSY and LSP.NT.With quantitative modeling of human reasoning, novel approaches to modeling decision criteria, and a verified decision engineering framework applicable to a broad array of applications, this book is an invaluable resource for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners working within the decision engineering realm.
A comprehensive review of the recent advances in anechoic chamber and reverberation chamber designs and measurementsAnechoic and Reverberation Chambers is a guide to the latest systematic solutions for designing anechoic chambers that rely on state-of-the-art computational electromagnetic algorithms. This essential resource contains a theoretical and practical understanding for electromagnetic compatibility and antenna testing. The solutions outlined optimise chamber performance in the structure, absorber layout and antenna positions whilst minimising the overall cost. The anechoic chamber designs are verified by measurement results from Microwave Vision Group that validate the accuracy of the solution.Anechoic and Reverberation Chambers fills this gap in the literature by providing a comprehensive reference to electromagnetic measurements, applications and over-the-air tests inside chambers. The expert contributors offer a summary of the latest developments in anechoic and reverberation chambers to help scientists and engineers apply the most recent technologies in the field. In addition, the book contains a comparison between reverberation and anechoic chambers and identifies their strengths and weaknesses. This important resource:* Provides a systematic solution for anechoic chamber design by using state-of-the-art computational electromagnetic algorithms* Examines both types of chamber in use: comparing and contrasting the advantages and disadvantages of each* Reviews typical over-the-air measurements and new applications in reverberation chambers* Offers a timely and complete reference written by authors working at the cutting edge of the technology* Contains helpful illustrations, photographs, practical examples and comparison between measurements and simulationsWritten for both academics and industrial engineers and designers, Anechoic and Reverberation Chambers explores the most recent advances in anechoic chamber and reverberation chamber designs and measurements.
A horizontal view of newly emerged technologies in the field of network function virtualization (NFV), introducing the open source implementation efforts that bring NFV from design to realityThis book explores the newly emerged technique of network function virtualization (NFV) through use cases, architecture, and challenges, as well as standardization and open source implementations. It is the first systematic source of information about cloud technologies' usage in the cellular network, covering the interplay of different technologies, the discussion of different design choices, and its impact on our future cellular network.Network Function Virtualization: Concepts and Applicability in 5G Networks reviews new technologies that enable NFV, such as Software Defined Networks (SDN), network virtualization, and cloud computing. It also provides an in-depth investigation of the most advanced open source initiatives in this area, including OPNFV, Openstack, and Opendaylight. Finally, this book goes beyond literature review and industry survey by describing advanced research topics such as service chaining, VNF orchestrations, and network verification of NFV systems. In addition, this resource:* Introduces network function virtualization (NFV) from both industrial and academic perspectives* Describes NFV's usage in mobile core networks, which is the essence of 5G implementation* Offers readers a deep dive on NFV's enabling techniques such as SDN, virtualization, and cloud computingNetwork Function Virtualization: Concepts and Applicability in 5G Networks is an ideal book for researchers and university students who want to keep up with the ever-changing world of network function virtualization.
Thoroughly Revised and Expanded to Help Readers Systematically Increase Their Knowledge and Insight About Sigma-Delta Modulators Sigma-Delta Modulators (Ms) have become one of the best choices for the implementation of analog/digital interfaces of electronic systems integrated in CMOS technologies. Compared to other kinds of Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs), Ms cover one of the widest conversion regions of the resolution-versus-bandwidth plane, being the most efficient solution to digitize signals in an increasing number of applications, which span from high-resolution low-bandwidth digital audio, sensor interfaces, and instrumentation, to ultra-low power biomedical systems and medium-resolution broadband wireless communications. Following the spirit of its first edition, Sigma-Delta Converters: Practical Design Guide, 2nd Edition takes a comprehensive look at Ms, their diverse types of architectures, circuit techniques, analysis synthesis methods, and CAD tools, as well as their practical design considerations. It compiles and updates the current research reported on the topic, and explains the multiple trade-offs involved in the whole design flow of Ms--from specifications to chip implementation and characterization. The book follows atop-downapproach in order to provide readers with the necessary understanding about recent advances, trends, and challenges in state-of-the-art Ms. It places more emphasis on two key points, which were not treated so deeply in the first edition: It includes a more detailed explanation of Ms implemented using Continuous-Time (CT) circuits, going from system-level synthesis to practical circuit limitations. It provides more practical case studies and applications, as well as a deeper description of the synthesis methodologies and CAD tools employed in the design of converters. Sigma-Delta Converters: Practical Design Guide, 2nd Editionserves as an excellent textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in electrical engineering as well as design engineers working on data converters, who are looking for a uniform and self-contained reference in this hot topic. With this goal in mind, and based on the feedback received from readers, the contents have been revised and structured to make this new edition a unique monograph written in a didactical, pedagogical, and intuitive style.
AN INDISPENSABLE GUIDE FOR ENGINEERS AND DATA SCIENTISTS IN DESIGN, TESTING, OPERATION, MANUFACTURING, AND MAINTENANCE A road map to the current challenges and available opportunities for the research and development of Prognostics and Health Management (PHM), this important work covers all areas of electronics and explains how to: assess methods for damage estimation of components and systems due to field loading conditions assess the cost and benefits of prognostic implementations develop novel methods for in situ monitoring of products and systems in actual life-cycle conditions enable condition-based (predictive) maintenance increase system availability through an extension of maintenance cycles and/or timely repair actions obtain knowledge of load history for future design, qualification, and root cause analysis reduce the occurrence of no fault found (NFF) subtract life-cycle costs of equipment from reduction in inspection costs, downtime, and inventory Prognostics and Health Management of Electronics also explains how to understand statistical techniques and machine learning methods used for diagnostics and prognostics. Using this valuable resource, electrical engineers, data scientists, and design engineers will be able to fully grasp the synergy between IoT, machine learning, and risk assessment.
An interdisciplinary guide to enabling technologies for 3D ICs and 5G mobility, covering packaging, design to product life and reliability assessments* Features an interdisciplinary approach to the enabling technologies and hardware for 3D ICs and 5G mobility* Presents statistical treatments and examples with tools that are easily accessible, such as Microsoft's Excel and Minitab* Fundamental design topics such as electromagnetic design for logic and RF/passives centric circuits are explained in detail* Provides chapter-wise review questions and powerpoint slides as teaching tools
A comprehensive and updated overview of the theory, algorithms and applications of for electromagnetic inverse scattering problems* Offers the recent and most important advances in inverse scattering grounded in fundamental theory, algorithms and practical engineering applications* Covers the latest, most relevant inverse scattering techniques like signal subspace methods, time reversal, linear sampling, qualitative methods, compressive sensing, and noniterative methods* Emphasizes theory, mathematical derivation and physical insights of various inverse scattering problems* Written by a leading expert in the field
In diesem dringend notwendigen Referenzwerk untersuchen die Autoren, renommierte Experten des Fachgebiets, das Prinzip des Elektromagnetismus nach Maxwell und beschreiben die Eigenschaften einer Antenne im Frequenzbereich. Beleuchtet werden ebenfalls die Ausbreitungsverluste in Drahtlosnetzen sowie Ultrabreitband-Antennen und die Mechanismen der Breitbandübertragung von elektrischem Strom und Daten. Der Inhalt im Überblick:- Erörtert die Schwächen von MIMO-System aus theoretischer und praktischer Sicht.- Zeigt, wie sich Basisstationsantennen so einsetzen lassen, dass sie effizienter arbeiten.- Validiert das Prinzip und die theoretische Analyse der elektromagnetischen Ausbreitung in der drahtlosen Kommunikation.- Zeigt Ergebnisse aus Experimenten, die in der Mathematik und Physik verankert sind.
PROVIDES A SYSTEMATIC OVERVIEW OF A HOT RESEARCH AREA, EXAMINING THE PRINCIPLES AND THEORIES OF ENERGY HARVESTING COMMUNICATIONS This book provides a detailed and advanced level introduction to the fundamentals of energy harvesting techniques and their use in state-of-the-art communications systems. It fills the gap in the market by covering both basic techniques in energy harvesting and advanced topics in wireless communications. More importantly, it discusses the application of energy harvesting in communications systems to give readers at different levels a full understanding of these most recent advances in communication technologies. The first half of Energy Harvesting Communications: Principles and Theories focuses on the challenges brought by energy harvesting in communications. The second part of the book looks at different communication applications enhanced by energy harvesting. It offers in-depth chapters that: discuss different energy sources harvested for communications; examine the energy harvesters used for widely used sources; study the physical layer and upper layer of the energy harvesting communications device; and investigate wireless powered communications, energy harvesting cognitive radios, and energy harvesting relaying as applications. Systematically examines state-of-the-art energy harvesting techniques Provides comprehensive coverage from basic energy harvesting sources and devices to the end users Looks at the fundamental principles of energy harvesting communications, biomedical applications and intra-body communications Written in a linear order so that beginners can learn the subject and experienced users can attain a broader view Written by a renowned expert in the field, Energy Harvesting Communications: Principles and Theories is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and others interested in the subject.
The development of wireless communication networks worldwide has triggered a massive growth in the number of wireless communication devices and sensors for applications such as logistics and transportation, environmental monitoring, energy management, and safety management, etc. It is expected that in the era of the Internet of Things (IoT) in 2020, there will be 50 billion wireless communication devices connected together worldwide with a connection density of 1 million devices per km2. However, batteryΓÇôpowered wireless communication devices have limited energy storage capacity and their frequent replacement can be costly, cumbersome, or even impossible, which creates a serious performance bottleneck in realizing reliable and ubiquitous wireless communication networks. Wireless power transfer (WPT), offers a viable solution to facilitate efficient and sustainable communication networks to serve energyΓÇôlimited communication devices. In this book, the authors discuss the circuit design, resource allocation algorithm design, and protocol design to tackle the above challenges by both theoretical and practical approaches which will bridge the gap between theory and practice, with longΓÇôterm contributions to the evolution of future sustainable WIPT networks.
A comprehensive guide to the theory, methodology, and development for modeling systems of systemsModeling and Managing Interdependent Complex Systems of Systems examines the complexity of, and the risk to, emergent interconnected and interdependent complex systems of systems in the natural and the constructed environment, and in its critical infrastructures. For systems modelers, this book focuses on what constitutes complexity and how to understand, model and manage it.Previous modeling methods for complex systems of systems were aimed at developing theory and methodologies for uncoupling the interdependencies and interconnections that characterize them. In this book, the author extends the above by utilizing public- and private- sector case studies; identifies, explores, and exploits the core of interdependencies; and seeks to understand their essence via the states of the system, and their dominant contributions to the complexity of systems of systems.The book proposes a reevaluation of fundamental and practical systems engineering and risk analysis concepts on complex systems of systems developed over the past 40 years. This important resource:* Updates and streamlines systems engineering theory, methodology, and practice as applied to complex systems of systems* Introduces modeling methodology inspired by philosophical and conceptual thinking from the arts and sciences* Models the complexity of emergent interdependent and interconnected complex systems of systems by analyzing their shared states, decisions, resources, and decisionmakersWritten for systems engineers, industrial engineers, managers, planners, academics and other professionals in engineering systems and the environment,this text is the resource for understanding the fundamental principles of modeling and managing complex systems of systems, and the risk thereto.
DISCUSSES THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF THE DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF MICROWAVE SATELLITE SWITCHES UTILIZED IN MILITARY, COMMERCIAL, SPACE, AND TERRESTRIAL COMMUNICATION This book deals with important RF/microwave components such as switches and phase shifters, which are relevant to many RF/microwave applications. It provides the reader with fundamental principles of the operation of some basic ferrite control devices and explains their system uses. This in-depth exploration begins by reviewing traditional nonreciprocal components, such as circulators, and then proceeds to discuss the most recent advances. This sequential approach connects theoretical and scientific characteristics of the devices listed in the title with practical understanding and implementation in the real world. Microwave Polarizers, Power Dividers, Phase Shifters, Circulators, and Switches covers the full scope of the subject matter and serves as both an educational text and resource for practitioners. Among the many topics discussed are microwave switching, circular polarization, planar wye and equilateral triangle resonators, and many others. Translates concepts and ideas fundamental to scientific knowledge into a more visual description Describes a wide array of devices including waveguides, shifters, and circulators Covers the use of finite element algorithms in design Microwave Polarizers, Power Dividers, Phase Shifters, Circulators, and Switches is an ideal reference for all practitioners and graduate students involved in this niche field.
Explains current co-design and co-optimization methodologies for building hardware neural networks and algorithms for machine learning applicationsThis book focuses on how to build energy-efficient hardware for neural networks with learning capabilities--and provides co-design and co-optimization methodologies for building hardware neural networks that can learn. Presenting a complete picture from high-level algorithm to low-level implementation details, Learning in Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Computing: Algorithm and Architecture Co-Design also covers many fundamentals and essentials in neural networks (e.g., deep learning), as well as hardware implementation of neural networks.The book begins with an overview of neural networks. It then discusses algorithms for utilizing and training rate-based artificial neural networks. Next comes an introduction to various options for executing neural networks, ranging from general-purpose processors to specialized hardware, from digital accelerator to analog accelerator. A design example on building energy-efficient accelerator for adaptive dynamic programming with neural networks is also presented. An examination of fundamental concepts and popular learning algorithms for spiking neural networks follows that, along with a look at the hardware for spiking neural networks. Then comes a chapter offering readers three design examples (two of which are based on conventional CMOS, and one on emerging nanotechnology) to implement the learning algorithm found in the previous chapter. The book concludes with an outlook on the future of neural network hardware.* Includes cross-layer survey of hardware accelerators for neuromorphic algorithms* Covers the co-design of architecture and algorithms with emerging devices for much-improved computing efficiency* Focuses on the co-design of algorithms and hardware, which is especially critical for using emerging devices, such as traditional memristors or diffusive memristors, for neuromorphic computingLearning in Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Computing: Algorithm and Architecture Co-Design is an ideal resource for researchers, scientists, software engineers, and hardware engineers dealing with the ever-increasing requirement on power consumption and response time. It is also excellent for teaching and training undergraduate and graduate students about the latest generation neural networks with powerful learning capabilities.
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