Böcker av Commission On Life Sciences

Much has been written about the care of research animals. Yet little guidance has appeared on protecting the health and safety of the people who care for or use these animals.This book, an implementation handbook and companion to Guide For the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, identifies principles for building a program and discusses the accountability of institutional leaders, managers, and employees for a program's success. It provides a detailed description of risks-- physical and chemical hazards, allergens and zoonoses, and hazards from experiments--which will serve as a continuing reference for the laboratory.The book offers specific recommendations for controlling risk through administrative procedures, facility design, engineering controls, and periodic evaluations. The volume focuses on the worker, with detailed discussions of work practices, the use of personal protective gear, and the development of an emergency response plan.This handbook will be invaluable to administrators, researchers, and employees in any animal research facility. It will also be of interest to personnel in zoos, animal shelters, and veterinary facilities.

Provides an exploration of the biological, ethical, and funding questions prompted by the therapeutic potential of undifferentiated human cells. This book also presents an overview of the moral and ethical problems that arise from the use of embryonic stem cells.

Provides an overview of what we know about behavior, pain, and distress in laboratory animals. This volume explores topics such as stressors in the laboratory and the animal behaviors they cause and a review of euthanasia of lab animals - exploring the decision, the methods, and the emotional effects on technicians.

Examines the complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. This book proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, and obesity.

Explores how the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) can improve risk assessment practices, with a focus on implementation of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. This volume explores the "default option" and other concepts. It is meant for the EPA and other agencies, risk managers, environmental advocates, scientists, faculty, and students.

Provides a survey of what is known about injuries, and suggests that there is a vast need to know more. This book traces findings on the epidemiology of injuries, prevention of injuries, injury biomechanics and the prevention of impact injury, treatment, rehabilitation, and administration of injury research.

Examines the characteristics and composition of different types of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and discusses possible health effects of ETS. This book presents an overview of methods used to determine exposures to environmental smoke and reviews both chronic and acute health effects. It includes recommendations for areas of further research.

Presents the results of studies of hazardous wastes in the air, water, soil, and food, and examines the potential of biological markers in health risk assessment. This volume is of interest to toxicologists, environmental health professionals, epidemiologists, and other biologists.

A study of the status and future of marine biotechnology. It addresses the question of where the federal government should invest its limited funds and what future initiatives should be planned.

Provides a picture of how cancer care is delivered. This book explains how lack of medical coverage, social and economic status, patient beliefs, physician decision-making, and other factors can affect the best possible care. The National Cancer Policy Board defines quality care and recommends how to monitor, measure, and extend quality care.

Provides suggestions for breeding, keeping, and identifying pathogen-free laboratory rodents. This book summarizes methods for eliminating infectious agents, describes the diagnosis and control of each infectious agent, and tables covering the diseases listed in the volume helps in the diagnosis of infected animals.

Reports on developments in population genetics and statistics. This volume offers recommendations for handling DNA samples, performing calculations, and other aspects of using DNA as a forensic tool. It examines statistical issues in interpreting frequencies as probabilities, including adjustments when a suspect is found through a database search.

Scientists nationwide are showing greater interest in contributing to the reform of science education, yet many do not know how to begin. Based on information from over 180 professional development programs for science teachers, this volume addresses what kinds of activities work and why.

Focuses on what is known about the psychological needs of primates and makes suggestions for assessing and promoting their well-being. This volume examines the elements of an effective care program and provides a helpful checklist for designing a plan for promoting psychological well-being.

Describes 64 inbred, hybrid, and mutant strains of rodents, each with some immune defect. This book explains mechanisms for ensuring genetic purity and provides a standardized nomenclature for different varieties. It summarizes and provides references on the genetics, pathophysiology, husbandry, and reproduction of the various strains.

Focuses on the science underlying the Endangered Species Act ESA and offers recommendations for making the act more effective. This book provides an overview of what scientists know about extinction - and what this understanding means to implementation of the ESA.

Reports on the state of the new biology, taking a look at the disciplines of biology. This volume examines the advances made in medicine, agriculture, and other fields. It serves as a useful resource for students, teachers, and researchers in subdisciplines of biology as well as for research administrators and those in funding agencies.

Explaining dietary habits, this volume examines the impact of fast-food proliferation and the changing role of women as it affects dietary behavior, and analyzes the nutritional consequences of national dietary trends. It focuses on the factors that shape eating patterns, eating trends such as snacking and food variety, nutrition policy, and more.

Evaluates data related to the risk associated with human exposure to radon and radon progeny.

Offers recommendations for resolving crucial questions in DNA typing. This volume addresses: quality and reliability in DNA typing; DNA typing in the courtroom; and societal issues. It offers guidance to policymakers, specialists in criminal law, forensic scientists, geneticists, researchers, faculty, and students.