Böcker av George Orwell

Beginning with a dilemma about whether he spends more money on reading or smoking, George Orwell s entertaining and uncompromising essays go on to explore everything from the perils of second-hand bookshops to the dubious profession of being a critic, from freedom of the press to what patriotism really means. Throughout history, some books have changed the world. They have transformed the way we see ourselves and each other. They have inspired debate, dissent, war and revolution. They have enlightened, outraged, provoked and comforted. They have enriched lives and destroyed them. Now Penguin brings you the works of the great thinkers, pioneers, radicals and visionaries whose ideas shook civilization and helped make us who we are.

Set in the days of the Empire, with the British ruling in Burma, Burmese Days describes both indigenous corruption and Imperial bigotry, when 'after all, natives were natives - interesting, no doubt, but finally only a "e;subject"e; people, an inferior people with black faces'. Against the prevailing orthodoxy, Flory, a white timber merchant, befriends Dr Veraswami, a black enthusiast for Empire. The doctor needs help. U Po Kyin, Sub- divisional Magistrate of Kyauktada, is plotting his downfall. The only thing that can save him is European patronage: membership of the hitherto all-white Club. While Flory prevaricates, beautiful Elizabeth Lackersteen arrives in Upper Burma from Paris. At last, after years of 'solitary hell', romance and marriage appear to offer Flory an escape from the 'lie' of the 'pukka sahib pose'.

These essays, reviews and articles illuminate the life and work of one of the most individual writers of this century - a man who created a unique literary manner from the process of thinking aloud and who elevated political writing to an art.

'Shooting an Elephant' is Orwell's searing and painfully honest account of his experience as a police officer in imperial Burma; killing an escaped elephant in front of a crowd 'solely to avoid looking a fool'. The other masterly essays in this collection include classics such as 'My Country Right or Left', 'How the Poor Die' and 'Such, Such were the Joys', his memoir of the horrors of public school, as well as discussions of Shakespeare, sleeping rough, boys' weeklies and a spirited defence of English cooking. Opinionated, uncompromising, provocative and hugely entertaining, all show Orwell's unique ability to get to the heart of any subject.

Our brand-new York Notes for GCSE Workbooks offer a wide range of write-in tasks and exercises to boost your students' knowledge of the text and help them practise for the new GCSE (9-1) English Literature exams.

In "Nineteen eighty-four", one of the 20th century's great myth-makers takes a cold look at the future. Orwell's study of individual struggling - or not struggling - against totalitarianism remains a salutary lesson in any society.

Includes 'The Freedom of the Press', intended as the preface to 'Animal Farm' but undiscovered until 1972. Considered by Noam Chomsky to be Orwell's most important essay. These essays demonstsrate the life and work of one of the most individual writers of the last century.

When the oppressed animals of Manor Farm defeat their master, Mr Jones and take over the farm for themselves, they envisage it to be the beginning of independence and abundance. However, a devious and heartless elite among the animals starts to take control and the other animals find themselves helplessly trapped as another gradually replaces one form of dictatorship. Orwell's frightening 'fairy story' is a timeless and overwhelming satire of idealism deceived by power and corruption. Although, it almost remained unpublished due to its savage attack on Stalin, Britain's then ally and got turned down by publisher after publisher, today it's known to be one of Orwell's best works and a world-famous classic.

This text is the outcome of years spent in Paris and months spent tramping south-east England. It depicts what life was like for a striving author who was struggling to write, painting a vivid picture of the life he led in the lower depths.

"Ich weiß nicht, wann diese Rebellion kommen wird""Nie wiem, kiedy nadejdzie ten bunt""Nichts sagt, dass es nicht in einer Woche sein kann""Nic nie mówi, że nie może to byc za tydzień""Oder es könnte in hundert Jahren kommen""Albo może nadejśc za sto lat""Ich kann es so klar sehen, wie ich das Stroh unter meinen Füßen sehe""Widzę to tak wyraźnie, jak widzę slomę pod moimi stopami""Früher oder später wird der Gerechtigkeit Genüge getan werden""Prędzej czy później sprawiedliwości stanie się zadośc""Richtet eure Augen auf dieses Ziel, Kameraden""Skoncentrujcie wzrok na tym celu, towarzysze""Denkt daran, für den kurzen Rest eures Lebens!""Pamiętajcie o tym przez calą krótką resztę waszego życia!""Und vor allem: Lasst diese meine Botschaft hier nicht aussterben""A przede wszystkim nie pozwólcie, aby to moje przeslanie tutaj umarlo""Gib diese Botschaft an diejenigen weiter, die nach dir kommen""Przekażcie to przeslanie tym, którzy przyjdą po was""Dann werden künftige Generationen den Kampf weiterführen""Wtedy przyszle pokolenia będą kontynuowac walkę""Sie werden weiterkämpfen, bis unsere Art gesiegt hat""Będą walczyc, dopóki nasz rodzaj nie zwycięży""Und denkt daran, Kameraden, eure Entschlossenheit darf niemals ins Wanken geraten""I pamiętajcie, towarzysze, wasze postanowienie nigdy nie może się zachwiac""Kein Argument darf sich in die Irre führen lassen""Żaden argument nie może pozwolic ci zostac sprowadzonym na manowce""Mensch und Tier haben kein gemeinsames Interesse""Czlowiek i zwierzęta nie mają wspólnego interesu""Hören Sie niemals auf jemanden, der versucht, Sie vom Gegenteil zu überzeugen""Nigdy nie sluchaj nikogo, kto próbuje cię przekonac, że jest inaczej""Der Wohlstand des einen ist niemals der Wohlstand des anderen""Dobrobyt jednego nigdy nie jest dobrobytem innych""Der Mensch dient keinem Geschöpf außer sich selbst""Czlowiek nie sluży interesom żadnego stworzenia oprócz siebie samego"

"Ich weiß nicht, wann diese Rebellion kommen wird" "Bu isyanın ne zaman geleceğini bilmiyorum" "Nichts sagt, dass es nicht in einer Woche sein kann" "Hiçbir şey bundan bir hafta sonra olamayacağını söylemiyor" "Oder es könnte in hundert Jahren kommen" "Ya da yüz yıl sonra gelebilir" "Ich kann es so klar sehen, wie ich das Stroh unter meinen Füßen sehe" "Ayaklarımın altındaki samanı gördüğüm kadar net görebiliyorum" "Früher oder später wird der Gerechtigkeit Genüge getan werden" "Er ya da geç adalet yerini bulacak" "Richtet eure Augen auf dieses Ziel, Kameraden" "Gözlerinizi bu hedefe dikin yoldaşlar" "Denkt daran, für den kurzen Rest eures Lebens!" "Hayatınızın geri kalan kısa süresi boyunca bunu hatırlayın!" "Und vor allem: Lasst diese meine Botschaft hier nicht aussterben" "Ve hepsinden önemlisi, bu mesajımın burada ölmesine izin vermeyin" "Gib diese Botschaft an diejenigen weiter, die nach dir kommen" "Bu mesajı sizden sonra gelenlere iletin" "Dann werden künftige Generationen den Kampf weiterführen" "O zaman gelecek nesiller mücadeleye devam edecek" "Sie werden weiterkämpfen, bis unsere Art gesiegt hat" "Bizim türümüz galip gelene kadar savaşacaklar" "Und denkt daran, Kameraden, eure Entschlossenheit darf niemals ins Wanken geraten" "Ve unutmayın yoldaşlar, kararlılığınız asla sarsılmamalıdır" "Kein Argument darf sich in die Irre führen lassen" "Hiçbir tartışma yoldan çıkmanıza izin vermemelidir" "Mensch und Tier haben kein gemeinsames Interesse" "İnsan ve hayvanların ortak çıkarı yoktur"

Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Novel, often referred to as 1984, is a dystopian social science fiction novel by English novelist George Orwell. It was published on 8 June 1949 by Secker & Warburg as Orwell's ninth and final book completed in his lifetime. Thematically, Nineteen Eighty-Four centres on the consequences of totalitarianism, mass surveillance, and repressive regimentation of persons and behaviours within society. Orwell, himself a democratic socialist, modelled the authoritarian government in the novel after Stalinist Russia. More broadly, the novel examines the role of truth and facts within politics and the ways in which they are manipulated. The story takes place in an imagined future, the year 1984, when much of the world has fallen victim to perpetual war, omnipresent government surveillance, historical negationism, and propaganda. Great Britain, known as Airstrip One, has become a province of a totalitarian superstate named Oceania that is ruled by the Party who employ the Thought Police to persecute individuality and independent thinking. Big Brother, the leader of the Party, enjoys an intense cult of personality despite the fact that he may not even exist. The protagonist, Winston Smith, is a diligent and skillful rank-and-file worker and Outer Party member who secretly hates the Party and dreams of rebellion. He enters into a forbidden relationship with a colleague, Julia, and starts to remember what life was like before the Party came to power. Nineteen Eighty-Four has become a classic literary example of political and dystopian fiction. It also popularised the term "Orwellian" as an adjective, with many terms used in the novel entering common usage, including "Big Brother", "doublethink", "Thought Police", "thoughtcrime", "Newspeak", "memory hole", "2 + 2 = 5", "proles", "Two Minutes Hate", "telescreen", and "Room 101". Time included it on its 100 best English-language novels from 1923 to 2005. It was placed on the Modern Library's 100 Best Novels.

"A plongeur is a slave, and a wasted slave, doing stupid and largely unnecessary work. He is kept at work, ultimately, because of a vague feeling that he would be dangerous if he had leisure. And educated people, who should be on his side, acquiesce in the process, because they know nothing about him and consequently are afraid of him." "It is worth saying something about the social position of beggars, for when one has consorted with them, and found that they are ordinary human beings, one cannot help being struck by the curious attitude that society takes towards them. People seem to feel that there is some essential difference between beggars and ordinary 'working' men. They are a race apart--outcasts, like criminals and prostitutes. Working men 'work', beggars do not 'work'; they are parasites, worthless in their very nature. It is taken for granted that a beggar does not 'earn' his living, as a bricklayer or a literary critic 'earns' his. He is a mere social excrescence, tolerated because we live in a humane age, but essentially despicable."

"Níl a fhios agam cathain a thiocfaidh an Éirí Amach sin""I do not know when that Rebellion will come""Ní deir aon rud nach féidir leis a bheith i gceann seachtaine as seo amach""nothing says it can't be in a week from now""nó d'fhéadfadh sé teacht i gceann céad bliain""or it could come in a hundred years""Is féidir liom é a fheiceáil chomh soiléir agus a fheicim an tuí faoi bhun mo chosa""I can see it as clearly as I see the straw beneath my feet""luath nó mall déanfar an ceartas""sooner or later justice will be done""Deisigh do shúile ar an sprioc sin, a chomrádaithe""Fix your eyes on that goal, comrades""Cuimhnigh air don chuid eile ghearr de do shaol!""remember it for all of the short remainder of your lives!"

"I do not know when that Rebellion will come"نمیدانم این شورش چه زمانی خواهد امد."nothing says it can't be in a week from now""هیچ چیز نمی گوید که نمی تواند در یک هفته از هم اکنون باشد""or it could come in a hundred years""یا میتونه صد سال دیگه بیاد""I can see it as clearly as I see the straw beneath my feet""من می توانم ان را به وضوح به عنوان من نی زیر پای من را ببینید""sooner or later justice will be done"دیر یا زود عدالت برقرار خواهد شد."Fix your eyes on that goal, comrades""چشماتون رو روی اون هدف متمرکز کنید رفقا""remember it for all of the short remainder of your lives!""این را برای تمام عمر کوتاه خود به یاد داشته باشید!"

"I do not know when that Rebellion will come""Saya tidak tahu bila pemberontakan itu akan datang""nothing says it can't be in a week from now""Tiada apa yang mengatakan ia tidak boleh dalam seminggu dari sekarang""or it could come in a hundred years""atau ia boleh datang dalam seratus tahun""I can see it as clearly as I see the straw beneath my feet""Saya dapat melihatnya dengan jelas seperti yang saya lihat jerami di bawah kaki saya""sooner or later justice will be done""lambat laun keadilan akan dilakukan""Fix your eyes on that goal, comrades""Betulkan mata anda pada matlamat itu, rakan-rakan""remember it for all of the short remainder of your lives!""Ingatlah untuk semua baki hidup anda yang singkat!"

"I do not know when that Rebellion will come""Não sei quando virá essa Rebelião""nothing says it can't be in a week from now""Nada diz que não pode ser daqui a uma semana""or it could come in a hundred years""ou pode vir em cem anos""I can see it as clearly as I see the straw beneath my feet""Consigo vê-lo tão claramente como vejo a palha debaixo dos meus pés""sooner or later justice will be done""Mais cedo ou mais tarde será feita justiça""Fix your eyes on that goal, comrades""Fixem os olhos nesse objetivo, camaradas""remember it for all of the short remainder of your lives!""Lembrem-se disso por todo o curto resto de suas vidas!"

"Ich weiß nicht, wann diese Rebellion kommen wird"نمیدانم این شورش چه زمانی خواهد امد."Nichts sagt, dass es nicht in einer Woche sein kann""هیچ چیز نمی گوید که نمی تواند در یک هفته از هم اکنون باشد""Oder es könnte in hundert Jahren kommen""یا میتونه صد سال دیگه بیاد""Ich kann es so klar sehen, wie ich das Stroh unter meinen Füßen sehe""من می توانم ان را به وضوح به عنوان من نی زیر پای من را ببینید""Früher oder später wird der Gerechtigkeit Genüge getan werden"دیر یا زود عدالت برقرار خواهد شد."Richtet eure Augen auf dieses Ziel, Kameraden""چشماتون رو روی اون هدف متمرکز کنید رفقا""Denkt daran, für den kurzen Rest eures Lebens!""این را برای تمام عمر کوتاه خود به یاد داشته باشید!"

"I do not know when that Rebellion will come""그 반역이 언제 올지 몰라요""nothing says it can't be in a week from now""지금부터 일주일 안에 될 수 없다는 말은 없습니다.""or it could come in a hundred years""아니면 100년 후에 올 수도 있다""I can see it as clearly as I see the straw beneath my feet""내 발 밑에 있는 지푸라기가 보이는 것처럼 선명하게 볼 수 있어요""sooner or later justice will be done""조만간 공의가 시행될 것이다""Fix your eyes on that goal, comrades""그 목표에 시선을 고정하라, 동지들""remember it for all of the short remainder of your lives!""너희의 남은 남은 생애 동안 그것을 기억하라!"

"Ich weiß nicht, wann diese Rebellion kommen wird""Não sei quando virá essa Rebelião""Nichts sagt, dass es nicht in einer Woche sein kann""Nada diz que não pode ser daqui a uma semana""Oder es könnte in hundert Jahren kommen""ou pode vir em cem anos""Ich kann es so klar sehen, wie ich das Stroh unter meinen Füßen sehe""Consigo vê-lo tão claramente como vejo a palha debaixo dos meus pés""Früher oder später wird der Gerechtigkeit Genüge getan werden""Mais cedo ou mais tarde será feita justiça""Richtet eure Augen auf dieses Ziel, Kameraden""Fixem os olhos nesse objetivo, camaradas""Denkt daran, für den kurzen Rest eures Lebens!""Lembrem-se disso por todo o curto resto de suas vidas!"

"Ich weiß nicht, wann diese Rebellion kommen wird""मुझे नहीं पता कि विद्रोह कब आएगा""Nichts sagt, dass es nicht in einer Woche sein kann""कुछ भी नहीं कहता कि यह अब से एक सप्ताह में नहीं हो सकता है""Oder es könnte in hundert Jahren kommen""या यह सौ साल में आ सकता है""Ich kann es so klar sehen, wie ich das Stroh unter meinen Füßen sehe""मैं इसे स्पष्ट रूप से देख सकता हूं क्योंकि मैं अपने पैरों के नीचे तिनका देखता हूं।"Früher oder später wird der Gerechtigkeit Genüge getan werden""जल्द या बाद में न्याय किया जाएगा""Richtet eure Augen auf dieses Ziel, Kameraden""उस लक्ष्य पर अपनी आँखें ठीक करो, साथियों""Denkt daran, für den kurzen Rest eures Lebens!""इसे अपने जीवन के सभी छोटे शेष हिस्सों के लिए याद रखें!

"Ich weiß nicht, wann diese Rebellion kommen wird""Не знам кога ще дойде този бунт""Nichts sagt, dass es nicht in einer Woche sein kann""Нищо не казва, че не може да бъде след седмица""Oder es könnte in hundert Jahren kommen""или може да дойде след сто години""Ich kann es so klar sehen, wie ich das Stroh unter meinen Füßen sehe""Мога да го видя толкова ясно, колкото виждам сламката под краката си.""Früher oder später wird der Gerechtigkeit Genüge getan werden""Рано или късно справедливостта ще възтържествува""Richtet eure Augen auf dieses Ziel, Kameraden""Насочете погледа си към тази цел, другари""Denkt daran, für den kurzen Rest eures Lebens!""Помнете го за целия кратък остатък от живота си!"

"Ich weiß nicht, wann diese Rebellion kommen wird""我不知道叛乱什么时候会到来""Nichts sagt, dass es nicht in einer Woche sein kann""没有什么说它不能在一周后""Oder es könnte in hundert Jahren kommen""或者它可能在一百年后到来""Ich kann es so klar sehen, wie ich das Stroh unter meinen Füßen sehe""我能看得清清楚楚，就像我看清脚下的稻草一样""Früher oder später wird der Gerechtigkeit Genüge getan werden""正义迟早会得到伸张""Richtet eure Augen auf dieses Ziel, Kameraden""同志们，把眼睛盯着那个目标""Denkt daran, für den kurzen Rest eures Lebens!""记住它，直到你短暂的余生！"

"Ich weiß nicht, wann diese Rebellion kommen wird""Ik weet niet wanneer die opstand zal komen""Nichts sagt, dass es nicht in einer Woche sein kann""Niets zegt dat het niet over een week kan zijn""Oder es könnte in hundert Jahren kommen""Of het zou over honderd jaar kunnen komen""Ich kann es so klar sehen, wie ich das Stroh unter meinen Füßen sehe""Ik kan het net zo duidelijk zien als het stro onder mijn voeten""Früher oder später wird der Gerechtigkeit Genüge getan werden""Vroeg of laat zal gerechtigheid geschieden""Richtet eure Augen auf dieses Ziel, Kameraden""Richt je ogen op dat doel, kameraden""Denkt daran, für den kurzen Rest eures Lebens!""Onthoud het voor de korte rest van je leven!"