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This guide contains all the basic information needed to set up and successfully run nurseries relying on manual work. It focuses on the production of containerised seedlings as the method most commonly used in the ILO's Special Public Works Programme (SPWP) and other non-industrial tree planting in developing countries. This booklet should be considered a starting point upon which the nursery workers' and managers' experience can and must built, through careful observation. The best guide to nurseries is the experience of the people running them.

One of the problems facing people active in the occupational safety and health field is the difficulty of translating terms and concepts from one language to another. This unique five-language glossary provides part of the solution. It contains more than 2500 equivalent terms and expressions (with hundreds of synonyms) from the whole of this interdisciplinary field in English, French, German, Spanish and Russian. In addition to its utility to subject specialists, it will be a valuable language tool for translators and interpreters. Specific subject areas covered include, among others, occupational medicine, occupational hygiene, chemical and physical hazards, protective equipment and clothing, ergonomics and epidemiology. Indexes by subject and language complement this useful contribution to the international safety and health literature.

This manual provides practical background information and a step-by-step guide for developing small business substance abuse prevention initiatives. It is based on the findings and lessons learned from the experience of five countries who participated in the ILO's pilot project on preventing alcohol and drug abuse at the workplace: Egypt, India, Malaysia, South Africa and Zimbabwe. The volume offers numerous useful sample questionnaires, a plan of action, and a variety of self-assessment tools.

This is the third in a Series of five manuals produced by the Social Security Department of the ILO to provide the reader with information on all the major elements of social security, including the principles, administration, financing, pension schemes and social health insurance. The topic here is financing and the manual looks at social protection systems and their economic environment. It examines in detail the principles of financing and financial systems, including the flow of funds in a social security system, short- and long-term benefits and their respective financial systems and administration, as well as the actuarial and statistical methods and investment policies and instruments of social security funds. Other manuals in this series: - Social security principles (Vol. I) - Administration of social security (Vol. II) - Pension schemes (Vol. IV) - Social health insurance (Vol. V)

The Asian Regional Team for Employment Promotion (ARTEP) is responsible for implementing the ILO's World Employment Programme in the Asian region. Its main objectives are to identify the factors which prevent a substantial expansion of employment opportunities in countries of the region, to identify measures which can overcome these factors and to assist governments in the implementation of such measures. The ARTEP is based in New Delhi, India. This volume is a synthesis of the discussion held at the Fourth Meeting of Asian Employment Planners organised by the ARTEP in New Delhi on 17-19 December, 1991.

"It goes a long way in mapping out the agenda for health and safety professionals in this most dangerous and populous industry." Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Derby, United Kingdom Changes in working practices and conditions in the construction industry over the past decade have meant that the competent authorities, health and safety committees, management or employers' and workers' organizations, in particular, should take a fresh look at such aspects as the safety of workplaces, health hazards, and construction equipment and machinery. This code of practice takes account of new areas in the sector which require improved health and safety practices and other protective measures.

There are 40 million teachers in the world, they constitute the backbone of their nation's educational system and their status is of critical importance to educational quality and hence to national development. This publication offers a basic guide to international legal texts of relevance to the teaching profession, and is primarily intended for teachers and their organizations, policy-makers, planners and administrators in education, and private educational employers. It gives clear and extensive coverage of the provisions of the 1966 Recommendation concerning the status of teachers, as well as relevant Conventions and Recommendations adopted by the International Labour Conference. The publication is designed as a useful reference work to help in the formulation of policy and the implementation of standards in one of the world's oldest and most important professions.

One of the important objectives of the ASEAN Programme on Industrial Relations for Development (a joint project ILO/UNDP/ASEAN) was to promote the study and analysis of basic issues in labour relations and labour laws within the ASEAN countries. To meet this objective a number of national experts have been invited under the Project to prepare country studies on the following issues: the problem of union recognition; the administration and enforcement of collective agreements; the voluntary and compulsory arbitration of labour disputes; the right to strike and lockout. These studies, which have now been completed and published, are aimed to provide an opportunity for students, practitioners, policy-makers to acquire valuable insights based on the experience of the ASEAN countries. It is hoped that these materials will promote comparative studies in labour relations and labour laws which in turn could lead to cross-fertilisation of ideas and concepts and even to desirable reforms.

In many developing countries wood harvesting with hand tools continues on a large scale. With the shift of emphasis towards trees grown by rural people rather than forestry enterprises, it will gain in importance in the years to come. This training manual provides basic information on efficient and safe equipment and methods for manual wood harvesting. At the same time, the information helps to ensure the fullest utilization of the available wood raw material. The manual updates previous ILO publications on the same subject, while taking into account progress and new developments observed in recent years. It is richly illustrated to make it easily accessible and will be ideal for forestry training and rural extension work. "This small book is a well-illustrated guide ...simple to read, the diagrams are clear and are well described in the text ...an excellent book dealing simply and in sufficient detail with a subject where current methods of operation often leave much to be desired."

A technical handbook to assist small-scale producers with alternative production techniques - to help them choose and apply those techniques which are most appropriate to local socio-economic conditions.

Report of an ILO/UNITAR international seminar, held in Tashkent, USSR, 11-19 October 1983, on women, work and demographic issues.

This manual is based on field work undertaken in the project countries (Ghana and Sierra Leone), and benefited additionally from the results of a field visit to Senegal. Its special features are: (a) the target audience consists of government institutions, rural extension services, financial institutions, women's small-scale processing enterprises and manufacturing firms; (b) it focuses on four important processing activities - of cassava, vegetable oil, coconut and fish - undertaken by rural women in West Africa; (c) it covers the range of technologies available in the subregion; (d) it makes a quantitative comparison of the performance of both traditional and improved technologies and provides information on the advantages and disadvantages of each; (e) it describes the basic design features of improved and traditional tools and equipment, materials and parts required for their fabrication; and (f) it provides a list of suppliers of such equipment. The practical value of the manual is enhanced by the inclusion of information on practical possibilities for the utilization of agricultural wastes and the by-products of women's processing activities.