Böcker av Institute of Medicine

Provides guidelines and principles for exploiting the potential benefits of aggregated health data - without jeopardizing confidentiality. Experts identify characteristics of health database organizations (HDOs). This work explores topics such as how HDOs can maintain the quality of data, and what policies and practices they should adopt.

Provides an exploration of the biological, ethical, and funding questions prompted by the therapeutic potential of undifferentiated human cells. This book also presents an overview of the moral and ethical problems that arise from the use of embryonic stem cells.

Illustrates how the health care industry and health care professions are fighting to retain the public's confidence so that the US health care system can continue to be the world's best.

Provides a review and examines studies of populations, in addition to Vietnam veterans, environmentally and occupationally exposed to herbicides and dioxin, and discusses problems in study methodology. This book describes research areas of concern and offers recommendations for research on the health effects of exposure among Vietnam veterans.

Presents the links between common childhood vaccines - tetanus, diphtheria, measles, mumps, polio, Haemophilus influenzae b, and hepatitis B - and specific types of disorders or death. This book discusses approaches to evidence and causality and examine the consequences - neurologic and immunologic disorders and death - linked with immunization.

Provides a survey of what is known about injuries, and suggests that there is a vast need to know more. This book traces findings on the epidemiology of injuries, prevention of injuries, injury biomechanics and the prevention of impact injury, treatment, rehabilitation, and administration of injury research.

Evaluating claims based on pain poses problems for the Social Security Administration (SSA) and other disability insurers. This volume covers the epidemiology and physiology of pain; psychosocial contributions to pain and illness behavior; promising ways of assessing and measuring chronic pain and dysfunction; and clinical aspects of prevention.

As many as 20 to 25 percent of American adults - or one in every four people - have been victimized by, witnesses of, or perpetrators of family violence in their lifetimes. This book offers recommendations, such as creating education and research centers that would help raise awareness of the problem on various levels.

Clinical trials are used to elucidate the most appropriate preventive, diagnostic, or treatment options for individuals with a given medical condition. This title assesses the methodologies and the appropriate situations for the conduct of clinical trials with small sample sizes.

Considers the impact of creating an accreditation system to raise the performance of local protection mechanisms. This report examines two draft sets of accreditation standards for their content in core areas, and their objectivity and validity as measurement tools. It supports the concept of accreditation as a quality improvement strategy.

Part of a series that provides recommended intakes, such as Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs), for use in planning nutritionally adequate diets for individuals based on age and gender. This volume determines Tolerable Upper Intake levels for each nutrient reviewed where adequate scientific data are available in specific population subgroups.

Examines the scientific basis for connecting musculoskeletal disorders with the workplace, considering people, job tasks, and work environments. This work draws conclusions about the likelihood of causal links and the effectiveness of intervention strategies. It offers recommendations for what actions can be considered on the basis of information.

Despite overwhelming evidence of tobacco's harmful effects and pressure from anti-smoking advocates, surveys show that about one-quarter of various adults in the United States are smokers. This book addresses the problems in evaluating whether such products actually do reduce the health risks of tobacco use.

Brain disorders - neurological, psychiatric, and developmental - affect at least 250 million people in the developing world, and this number is expected to rise as life expectancy increases. This work describes the causes and risk factors associated with brain disorders.

Since 1994, the Institute of Medicine's Food and Nutrition Board has been involved in developing an expanded approach to developing dietary reference standards. This book provides guidance to nutrition and health research professionals on the application of the new DRIs. It represents both a "how to" manual and a "why" manual.

Summarizes what we know about marijuana from evidence-based medicine. This book helps the reader understand what science has to say about medical marijuana but also the logic behind the scientific conclusions. It addresses the science base and the therapeutic effects of marijuana use for medical conditions such as glaucoma and multiple sclerosis.

Rapid advancements in medical technologies, improvements in pharmaceuticals, and other developments in biomedical research have helped develop cures for many illnesses and improve the lives of those with chronic diseases. This book identifies those promising areas of social science and behavioral research that may address public health needs.