Böcker av Jose Rizal

El filibusterismo (transl. The filibusterism; The Subversive or The Subversion, as in the Locsín English translation, are also possible translations), also known by its alternative English title The Reign of Greed, is the second novel written by Philippine national hero José Rizal. It is the sequel to Noli Me Tángere and, like the first book, was written in Spanish. It was first published in 1891 in Ghent.The novel centers on the Noli-El fili duology's main character Crisóstomo Ibarra, now returning for vengeance as "Simoun". The novel's dark theme departs dramatically from the previous novel's hopeful and romantic atmosphere, signifying Ibarra's resort to solving his country's issues through violent means, after his previous attempt in reforming the country's system made no effect and seemed impossible with the corrupt attitude of the Spaniards toward the Filipinos.The novel, along with its predecessor, was banned in some parts of the Philippines as a result of their portrayals of the Spanish government's abuses and corruption. These novels, along with Rizal's involvement in organizations that aimed to address and reform the Spanish system and its issues, led to Rizal's exile to Dapitan and eventual execution. Both the novel and its predecessor, along with Rizal's last poem, are now considered Rizal's literary masterpieces.Both of Rizal's novels had a profound effect on Philippine society in terms of views about national identity, the Catholic faith and its influence on the Filipino's choice, and the government's issues in corruption, abuse of power, and discrimination, and on a larger scale, the issues related to the effect of colonization on people's lives and the cause for independence. These novels later on indirectly became the inspiration to start the Philippine Revolution.Throughout the Philippines, the reading of both the novel and its predecessor is now mandatory for high school students throughout the archipelago, although it is now read using English, Filipino, and the Philippines' regional languages. (wikipedia.org)

José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda (June 19, 1861 - December 30, 1896) was a Filipino nationalist, writer and polymath active at the end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He is considered the national hero (pambansang bayani) of the Philippines. An ophthalmologist by profession, Rizal became a writer and a key member of the Filipino Propaganda Movement, which advocated political reforms for the colony under Spain.He was executed by the Spanish colonial government for the crime of rebellion after the Philippine Revolution broke out; it was inspired by his writings. Though he was not actively involved in its planning or conduct, he ultimately approved of its goals which eventually resulted in Philippine independence.Rizal is widely considered one of the greatest heroes of the Philippines and has been recommended to be so honored by an officially empaneled National Heroes Committee. However, no law, executive order or proclamation has been enacted or issued officially proclaiming any Filipino historical figure as a national hero. He wrote the novels Noli Me Tángere (1887) and El filibusterismo (1891), which together are taken as a national epic, in addition to numerous poems and essays. (wikipedia.org)

Noli me tangere es el texto más célebre de José Rizal. En 1887 Rizal publicó esta novela sobre la sociedad filipina del siglo XIX en medio de su actividad política. Pretendía denunciar los desmanes del gobierno español y sus instituciones religiosas, a través de un relato en el que comparecen las clases sociales imperantes, el amor y la reflexión filosófica.Esta novela, de indudable contenido histórico, es también una obra de un fuerte contenido social.Cuando Rizal volvió a las Filipinas tras terminar sus estudios médicos, lo deportaron a Dapitan, en la isla de Mindanao. Noli me tangere creó tanta controversia que el gobernador general Emilio Terrero y Perinat recibió a Rizal en el Palacio de Malacañán para informarle de que su libro era subversivo.Después fue encarcelado por incitar a la rebelión a través de sus escritos. Y en 1896, a la edad de treinta y cinco años, lo ejecutaron en Manila.Noli me tangere es una novela costumbrista sobre la Filipinas de la época anterior a su independencia de España. Y, también, una novela romántica y sentimental de amores contrariados o imposibles.A todo ello se añade una reflexión política sobre las difíciles relaciones de la colonia con su metrópoli. Hay, además, un alegato contra la degradación moral de la sociedad filipina por la imposición de una religiosidad en los límites de la superstición.En una carta a su amigo Félix Resurrección Hidalgo, pintor filipino residente en Madrid, Rizal explica el porqué del título Noli me tangere. Es una expresión bíblica, concretamente de Juan 20:17, cuando Jesús, tras su resurrección, evita el contacto de María Magdalena diciéndole deja de tocarme:El libro contiene cosas de las que nadie entre nosotros ha hablado hasta el presente; son tan delicadas que no pueden ser tocadas por ninguna persona. En lo que a mí toca, he intentado hacer lo que nadie ha querido. Yo he querido responder a las calumnias que por tantos siglos han sido amontonadas sobre nosotros y nuestro país.

""The Reign of Greed"" is a novel written by José Rizal, a renowned Filipino nationalist and author. Originally titled ""El Filibusterismo,"" this literary masterpiece serves as a sequel to Rizal's earlier work, ""Noli Me Tangere."" Set in the late 19th century during the Spanish colonisation of the Philippines, the novel exposes the social and political injustices prevalent in society.Through a captivating narrative, Rizal explores the themes of corruption, greed, and abuse of power. The story follows the character of Simoun, a mysterious and vengeful figure, as he seeks to incite a revolution against the oppressive Spanish regime. Rizal's vivid storytelling and insightful portrayal of the characters offer a poignant critique of the colonial system and its detrimental effects on the Filipino people.""The Reign of Greed"" is not only a compelling work of fiction but also a powerful social commentary on the struggle for independence and justice. Rizal's literary prowess and profound insights into the human condition make this novel a significant contribution to Philippine literature and a reflection of the author's unwavering commitment to social reform.

Facilmente se puede suponer que un filibustero ha hechizado en secreto á la liga de los fraileros y retrógrados para que, siguiendo inconscientes sus inspiraciones, favorezcan y fomenten aquella política que solo ambiciona un fin: estender las ideas del filibusterismo por todo el país y convencer al último filipino de que no existe otra salvacion fuera de la separacion de la Madre-Patria.Ferdinand BlumentrittA la memoria de los Presbíteros, don Mariano GOMEZ (85 años), don José BURGOS (30 años) y don Jacinto ZAMORA (35 años) ejecutados en el patíbulo de Bagumbayan, el 28 de Febrero de 1872.

REGÍSTRASE en la historia de los padecimientos humanos un cáncer de un carácter tan maligno que el menor contacto le irrita y despierta en él agudísimo dolores. Pues bien, cuantas veces en medio de las civilizaciones modernas he querido evocarte, ya para acompañarme de tus recuerdos, ya para compararte con otros países, tantas se me presentó tu querida imagen como un cáncer social parecido. Deseando tu salud que es la nuestra, y buscando el mejor tratamiento, haré contigo lo que con sus enfermos los antiguos: exponíanlos en las gradas del templo, para que cada persona que viniese de invocar a la Divinidad les propusiese un remedio. Y a este fin, trataré de reproducir fielmente tu estado sin contemplaciones; levantaré parte del velo que encubre el mal, sacrificando a la verdad todo, hasta el mismo amor propio, pues, como hijo tuyo, adolezco también de tus defectos y flaquezas.Europa, 1886 EL AUTOR

Touch Me Not (1887) is a novel by José Rizal. Published in Berlin, the novel was originally conceived as a collaborative project to be written by a group of Filipino nationalist writers living in Madrid. Disappointed in his comrades' lack of engagement, however, Rizal wrote the novel alone, blending aspects of his own life story with his critique of Spanish imperialism in the Philippines. Banned by Spanish authorities, the novel was smuggled into his home country, where it quickly galvanized Rizal's fellow nationalists in opposition to the Spanish Empire. Returning home to Laguna province after seven years in Europe, Crisóstomo Ibarra, a young mestizo man, attempts to pick up the pieces following the death of his father. Noticing some hostility from Padre Dámaso, a local curate who had long been a friend of his family, Crisóstomo soon learns that his father's death may not have been an accident after all. Focusing on his goal of building a school for the local children, Crisóstomo longs to do justice to Don Rafael Ibarra's legacy. When he goes to visit his grave, however, he is told by the groundskeeper that his father's body was moved to a local Chinese burial ground following an order by Padre Dámaso. As the story unfolds, a vast web of conspiracy involving Spanish authorities and Filipino revolutionaries threatens Crisóstomo's life while testing the limits of his loyalty to family and nation alike. This edition of José Rizal's Touch Me Not is a classic work of Filipino literature reimagined for modern readers. Since our inception in 2020, Mint Editions has kept sustainability and innovation at the forefront of our mission. Each and every Mint Edition title gets a fresh, professionally typeset manuscript and a dazzling new cover, all while maintaining the integrity of the original book. With thousands of titles in our collection, we aim to spotlight diverse public domain works to help them find modern audiences. Mint Editions celebrates a breadth of literary works, curated from both canonical and overlooked classics from writers around the globe.

Best known for authoring the two national epics of the Philippines, José Rizal was a writer and activist who dedicated his life to the liberation of his country. Started when he was just seventeen, his brief autobiography traces the steps of a boy who would become the Philippine's national hero.

José Rizal has a good claim to being the first Asian nationalist. An extremely talented Malay born a hundred years ago in a small town near Manila, educated partly in the Philippines and partly in Europe, Rizal inspired the Filipinos by his writing and example to make the first nationalist revolution in Asia in 1896. Today the Philippines revere Rizal as their national hero, and they regard his two books, The Lost Eden (Noli Me Tangere) and The Subversive (El Filibusterismo) as the gospel of their nationalism.The Subversive, first published in 1891, is strikingly timely today. New nations emerging in Africa and Asia are once again in conflict with their former colonial masters, as were the Filipinos with their Spanish rulers in Rizal's day. The Subversive poses questions about colonialism which are still being asked today: does a "civilizing mission" justify subjection of a people? Should a colony aim at assimilation or independence? If independence, should it be by peaceful evolution or force of arms?Despite the seriousness of its theme, however, The Subversive is more than a political novel. It is a romantic, witty, satirical portrait of Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines at the end of the nineteenth century, written in the tradition of the great adventure romances. The translation by Leon Ma. Guerrero, Philippine ambassador to the Court of St. James, conveys the immediacy of the original, and makes this important work available to a new generation of readers. His translation of The Lost Eden is also available in the Norton Library.