Böcker av Kirk Walker (Writer Graves

In the first decade of the twenty-first century, Kanye West created the most compelling body of pop music by an American artist during the period. Having risen from obscurity as a precocious producer through the ranks of Jay Z''s Roc-A-Fella records, by the time he released My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy (MBDTF) in late 2010, West had evolved into a master collagist, an alchemist capable of transfiguring semi-obscure soul samples and indelible beats into a brash and vulnerable new art form. A look at the arc of his career, from the heady chipmunk soul exuberance of The College Dropout (2004) to the operatic narcissism of MBDTF, tells us about the march of pop music into the digital age and, by extension, the contradictions that define our cultural epoch. In a cloud-based and on-demand culture - a place of increasing virtualization, loneliness, and hyper-connectivity - West straddles this critical moment as what David Samuels of The Atlantic calls "the first true genius of the iPhone era, the Mozart of contemporary American music." In the land of taking a selfie, honing a personal brand, and publicly melting down online, Kanye West is the undisputed king. Swallowing the chaos wrought by his public persona and digesting it as a grandiose allegory of self-redemption, Kanye sublimates his narcissism to paint masterstroke after masterstroke on MBDTF, a 69-minute hymn to egotistical excess. Sampling and ventriloquizing the pop music past to tell the story of its future - very much a tale of our culture''s wish for unfettered digital ubiquity - MBDTF is the album of its era, an aesthetic self-acquittal and spiritual autobiography of our era''s most dynamic artist.

Vaporwave is music as Internet meme, an ironic and difficult to classify microgenre born online at the turn of the 2010s in an explosion of millennial ambivalence. Vaporwave blends an unlikely spectrum of musical elements - from Muzak and the incidental sounds of music on hold, to manipulated samples of smooth jazz, to looped fragments of the easy listening hits of decades past - and ask questions about authenticity, originality, and sincerity in a culture of falsity. Defined by a deadpan nostalgia for the optimism of late twentieth century consumer culture, vaporwave quickly evolved from a generation's inside joke into a digital subculture with its own aesthetic worldview.This is a definitive study of a still evolving phenomenon. Profiling its key artists and producers while exploring the blurred feedback loop between music and the Internet, it makes a convincing argument for the music's importance and relevance to the culture at large, both as an art form in its own right and as the ethos of some of Generation Z's most successful pop stars.