Serious infections caused by bacteria that have become resistant to commonly used antibiotics has become a major global healthcare problem in the 21st century. Researchers are still trying to figure out the new antibiotics to meet this challenge. Streptomyces are the good source of antibiotics. Based on its morphological, physiological, biochemical characterization and 16S rRNA gene sequence MARS-5 was distinct from other meber of streptomcyes. 16S rRNA gene generated in this work was compared with 16S rRNA gene sequence of other organism retrieved from the EMBL/gene bank dataset. The nearest are being of Streptomyces caelestis with 98.7%. With Streptomyces caelestis our isolated organism has a distinct morphological and cultural difference. Thus, strain MARS-5 as the type strain of a new streptomyces and we proposed a name Streptomcyes ruparajensis. It was found that the maximum production of antimicrobial compound from the organism in Czapex-Dox-alkaline broth medium. The compound MAR-5 has slight antimicrobial activity against a group of the bacteria but it has no antifungal activity.
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