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This book provides a comprehensive study of two parallel notions of civil and common law: cause and consideration. It does this in three ways; with historical, comparative, and functional perspectives. Aspects of cause and consideration are hotly contested by contract lawyers and this book will bring clarity by looking at the English and Continental positions. Key areas of focus include: enforceability, questions of legality and morality, contractual justice, and the correction of unjustified property displacements. Bringing together a team of experts, the book discusses (in some cases for the first time in English), complex questions of both academic and practical importance.

This book presents a defence of the value of equality within law which is neither purely formal nor an entirely speculative theory of justice. It does this by combining a theoretical with a doctrinal project.At the theoretical level, it argues that there is a distinct and meaningful conception of equality before the law which can be separated from concerns of distributive justice. It therefore rejects the claim that legal equality is merely formal. Rather, it is grounded in the equal moral status of all legal subjects. The demand that individuals be treated in accordance with the principle of equality before the law, then, requires that they not be treated in ways that would deny their equal moral standing. This principle of moral equality is the fundamental normative basis of the rule of law.This general claim is applied, in the second half of the book, to antidiscrimination law. It is argued here that the wrong of wrongful discrimination consists in implicit or explicit denial of the equal moral status of legal subjects. This is also a core wrong that the common law seeks to remedy via judicial review and is thus intimately tied to legality itself.In the final chapter, these two strands are brought together to defend the idea that law is a public asset which must be directed towards advancing the best interests of those it governs. This kind of equality principle, one which sets the outermost limits of the use of public power, must look beyond individual rights claims. It manifests a fundamental commitment to substantive equality - manifest in a commitment to collective flourishing - without tying it to group-based distributive concerns which arise from distinct social and historical contexts and require the exercise of political authority to choose among a range of plausible options for their resolution.

This collection of essays honours Rosemary Auchmuty, Professor of Law at the University of Reading, UK. She has fostered the study of women's academic careers and, more politically, advanced progress on gender and equality issues including same-sex marriage and property law. Her research promotes the case of feminist legal history as a way of revealing the place of women and challenging dominant historical narratives that cast them aside. Just as Rosemary's work does, the book seeks to end the marginalisation and exclusion of women in the legal world, by including them. The book begins fittingly with a discussion of Miss Bebb, the woman whose biography Auchmuty deployed to push feminist legal history into the mainstream. It turns then to a discussion of women known and unknown and their struggles within the legal profession offering within those chapters a critical appraisal of the role of history and biography as a methodology. From there it moves to consider feminist perspectives and critiques of the dominant structures of private law. This is followed by chapters that explore those who educate the legal profession within the academy. The chapters, and the collection as a whole, examine areas of law that have a deep significance for women's lives.

In this masterful work, leading German philosopher Lorenz B. Puntel answers the primordial question of philosophy: "Why is there Being at all and not absolutely nothing?" Considering the history of philosophy from Parmenides through to Heidegger and beyond, Puntel charges philosophy with persistently failing to adequately confront the question of Being. In response, Puntel sets out a systematic philosophy to rival Hegel's Science of Logic and Whitehead's Process and Reality. In two parts, the book first surveys the history of Western philosophy through the theoretical framework of Structural-Systematic Philosophy (SSP), which unites continental philosophy's comprehensiveness with the precision and linguistic rigor of the analytic tradition. Analysing all of the major stages in the "forgetfulness of Being" in Western philosophy, Puntel establishes a dialogue with a vast number of thinkers and movements in the history of philosophy, including Plato, Aquinas, Duns Scotus, Francisco Suarez, Christian Wolff, Leibniz, Hegel, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Sartre, W.O. Quine, Peter van Inwagen, Kit Fine, Alexius Meinong, and Jean-Luc Marion. The second part develops the methodical question of a systematic theory of Being. Puntel sets out a universal metaphysics, introducing concepts of world, existence, and types of beings. Moreover, he examines the plurality of possible worlds, the disclosure of Being, and modern philosophies of subjectivity since Kant, including the analytic philosophies of Robert Brandom and Ernst Tugendhat. The book culminates in a theory of Being and explains the relation of Being to the concept of God. Being and Nothing is the third in Puntel's trilogy comprising Structure and Being (2008) and Being and God (2011), and is a book that will appeal to all those with an interest in the history of philosophy, continental philosophy, theology, and analytic philosophy.

Discussing the decline of faith and the rise of love in the modern era, Colby Dickinson makes a critique of religious belief which addresses how a secular world can continue to mine religious traditions for their conceptual and emotional riches.Atheism and Faith in the Modern World argues that theism and atheism taken together can peel back the layers of abstraction, alienation, and disillusionment that always accompany our humanity in order to help us really see how it is to exist in this world. Dickinson takes up the notion of love as a cultivation and practice of indifference-a crucial concept that unites both religion and atheism. The book is organized into four sections, each situating the concept of love in relation to a theme: the first outlines modern secularized versions of various religious concepts, such as technology in the place of miracles or art in the place of religious revelation. The second argues that in a pluralistic world, the actual, lived realities of various religious communities and persons defy the static categories and classifications grouped under the umbrella of 'religion'. The third section discusses and defines non-absolute love. The fourth section discusses how atheism, in its critiques of religion, misses the significance of de-centering act of love. Dickinson elaborates his reflections through lucid engagement with a variety of thinkers including Zizek, Agamben, Iragaray, Derrida, Erich Fromm, Charles Taylor and Philip Kitcher. Essential reading for those interested in popular debates around theism and atheism, and those concerned with the ways in which continental and analytic philosophy have addressed the continued significance of religious traditions.

This book explores the role of teachers as intercultural mediators within language immersion education programs. The authors draw on research conducted in the context of a one-way French immersion program in New Brunswick, Canada, an officially bilingual province and country. Their discussion is anchored on the landmark Douglas Fir Group framework of second language acquisition, examining the implications of macro-level ideologies for language education, curriculum and intercultural instruction. The book considers educators' placement within the framework and their potential role as intercultural mediators between macro-level ideologies, meso-level curricular implementation, and their students at the micro level. They even provide an amendment to the framework that models this mediating role. Through interview data with entry point early French immersion teachers and principals of their schools, the authors emphasise the importance of theoretically situating teachers' positions as mediators of ideology and culture. Through this, we can fully understand what it means to incorporate intercultural competence into language learning. They argue that, teachers receive little support-either through curriculum or through training-on how to engage with (inter)cultural instruction in their practice. They then describe their own course for training pre- and in-service teachers on intercultural mediation in their language education practice, applicable to a variety of language learning models and contexts.

Matthew J. Marohl argues that Hebrews is written to Christ-followers in crisis. While the nature of their situation is unknown to us, their continued faithfulness is at risk. It is into this context that the author tells God's grand narrative. Described as being higher than the angels, a Son in the house of God, a high priest and the bearer of a new covenant, Jesus serves as the ultimate example of faithfulness. While Hebrews is concerned with sustaining the faithfulness of the addressees, it is ultimately concerned with describing the faithfulness of God. God has been faithful throughout history and God will continue to be faithful in the lives of the addressees.With a text that so heavily relies upon a variety of forms of comparison, an appropriate conceptual framework is required. This commentary introduces a culturally sensitive reading of the text by employing a social identity approach. In the end, this social identity approach reveals a work with two strands thoroughly intertwined. Readers will encounter a unique and powerful depiction of the faithful Jesus and a dynamic group of Christ-followers who are called upon to maintain their faithfulness.

Ousmane Sembène was one of the greatest, most groundbreaking filmmakers in the history of cinema, an acclaimed novelist, and the most renowned African director of the twentieth century. Black Girl was his brilliant, blistering debut. Released in 1966, it won the Prix Jean Vigo at the Cannes Film Festival that year. The film is about a young Senegalese woman, played powerfully by M'Bissine Thérèse Diop, who moves to France to work for a wealthy white family as a nanny, but quickly discovers that life in their apartment is a prison, both figuratively and literally; but it is also a searing, nuanced critique of the lingering colonialism in the supposedly postcolonial world. Vlad Dima's study of Black Girl argues that the film helped to map the future of African cinema. He situates it within its postcolonial context, considering its adaptation from the eponymous short story first published in 1962. He examines the performances of Mbissine Thérèse Diop (Diouana), Anne-Marie Jelinek (Madame) and Robert Fontaine (Monsieur), considering the ways in which they embody or subvert postcolonial, French archetypes, and then goes on to examine the technical aspects of Sembene's filmmaking, such as his innovative use of framing and aural composition. Finally, he traces the film's lasting influence on African cinema, from Sembène's own Xala (1975), to Safi Faye's Mossane (1996), Joseph Gaï Ramaka's Karmen Geï (2001), Jean-Pierre Bekolo's Saignantes (2005), and Mati Diop's Atlantics (2019).

Meredith Emigh-Guy combines criminological theories and FBI homicide data to examine recent trends in the homicide rate as well as the clearance rate. This work situates homicide statistics in the United States in a global and historical context by addressing questions of stranger-perpetrated homicide and intimate partner violence. Several potential reasons for a decline in the number of solved homicides are explored, including victim/offender relationships, weapons, and improvements in forensics. Emigh-Guy concludes that modern media representations have skewed the general public's understanding of violent crime and provides the statistics to show how reality differs from misconception.

This book invites readers on an exploratory journey through the intricate tapestry of China's history, culture, political climate, and social dynamics. At the heart of this exploration is the one-child policy, a revolutionary measure with far-reaching implications for the country's gender dynamics. By scrutinizing this policy and its repercussions, the book aims to uncover and interlink various elements of how the evolution, or in some instances, the stagnation of China's cultural and structural norms, has shaped and continues to influence women's lives and choices in contemporary China.

MAGA and the White Social Conservative Worldview: The Rhetoric that Colonized the Republican Party examines how political narratives of the American myth created the road that Donald Trump used to colonize and take control of not only the Republican Party but the Republican base voter that was created through the political narratives of politicians including Thomas Jefferson, John Calhoun, Strom Thurmond, George Wallace, Barry Goldwater, Ronald Reagan, Richard Nixon, Pat Buchanan, and Newt Gingrich. All of which culminated in the rhetoric and politics of the Tea Party and its subsequent champion Donald Trump. MAGA and the White Social Conservative Worldview examines how Trump benefited from decades of resentment, Southern Strategy politics and narratives within White social conservatism within the Republican Party. Donald Trump is the heir of the party, with the seismic party change of Strom Thurmond and a large bloc of Southern voters in reaction to Civil Rights and Voting Rights Acts of the 1960s and the Republican's ultimate adoption of the politics of states' rights and fear of tyranny from the federal government. This book summarizes foundational rhetorical narratives of the Whitesocial conservative worldview that formed the basis for the rise of its newest incantation - Trumpism and how this newest iteration of ideas dating back to Jefferson and Calhoun colonized the modern Republican Party.

On July 20, 1969, Americans not only landed on the Moon, but the televised spectacle forever changed the ways in which news and commentary about historical events would be presented to audiences. In The Rhetoric of Project Apollo, Kathy Previs provides a comprehensive analysis of the rhetorical strategies that CBS News employed in covering the Apollo missions from 1968-1972 and documents the role that NASA's public relations office had in televising the exciting moonshots. She illustrates how CBS's and NASA's symbolic representations followed a "ritual view of communication," enabling viewers to make sense of complex technological feats and scientific discoveries, while garnering public support for the costly missions. Based on four rhetorical categories - nationalism, romanticism, pragmatism, and technology - Previs also provides an in-depth analysis of which narratives have withstood the test of time in how Apollo is remembered on CBS News, and across a variety of televised platforms including CNN, the History Channel, and PBS, from 1973-2022, marking the 50th anniversary of Apollo's last mission. From Cold War metaphors to now recognizing the role women had in Apollo's successes, its story continues to resonate with and inspire audiences around the world.

What happens when one empire or hegemon cedes the global stage to a rising power? Supplanting Empires: Power Transitions Across Human History argues that, historically, such power transitions tend to be relatively smooth, resulting in the preservation of the status quo with respect to the global order and institutions. This stems from the tendency of rising powers to be closely associated with declining powers, to the point that they generally support and perpetuate the old ways of governing. They maintain similar governing institutions, retain ties to the former empire's allies, and generally endorse the declining empire's ideology and norms. The violence involved in such transitions tends to be limited, and societies and economies are typically left undisturbed. To test this proposition, Kendall Stiles and his students undertake a systematic study of numerous power transitions across millennia of human history. The implications of these findings have considerable relevance with respect to the contemporary power struggle between the United States and China.

In Semantics and Poetics of the Righteous and the Wicked in the Psalms, Kevin Foth delves into the nuanced roles of the righteous and the wicked and explores their significance beyond conventional moral prototypes. The study argues that the figures of the righteous and the wicked should be considered as part of the conventions of Hebrew psalmody. By leveraging insights from lexical semantics of the terms ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ and ¿¿¿¿¿ throughout the Hebrew Bible, the study broadens the understanding of these terms in their multifaceted uses within poetic contexts. The analysis further employs narratological theories about character and characterization to elucidate how the contrast between the righteous and wicked functions within 18 individual psalms. By focusing on the specific contexts within psalms and embracing poetic diversity, this study enriches the understanding of how these figures contribute to the literary features and theological messages woven throughout the Book of Psalms.

Children have remained at the periphery of a dominant bioethics model that focuses on autonomy and envisions the normative human being as an independent, unencumbered, rational decision-maker. Adults who care for hospitalized children must do more to more fully recognize and appreciate their experiences and contributions in the moral landscape of healthcare. Exploring theological insight into vulnerability, dependence, and agency, Children, Theology, and Bioethics: Beyond Autonomy contends that theological anthropology can foster a posture of openness and responsiveness to the full humanity of children, and can reveal what it means to be human at every age. Interdisciplinary dialogue between bioethics, childhood studies, and pastoral theology is woven throughout with illustrative clinical vignettes from Jessica Bratt Carle's experience as a pediatric chaplain and clinical ethicist.

The Future of Humanities: Perspectives from South Asian Cultural Studies offers a dynamic exploration of critical humanities, cultural practices, digital technologies, and globalization impacting Indian society. Exploring the convergence of human practices and technology, Vivek Singh espouses cultural preservation and addresses the urgent humanities crisis, fostering dialogue on contemporary complexities. By integrating theoretical perspectives, critical reflections, and folk traditions, this book seeks to facilitate intellectual engagement and stimulate dialogue on the intricate complexities of contemporary cultural practices and technological evolution.

Universitas: Why Higher Education Must Be International intervenes with urgency in the debate on the virtues, and pitfalls of internationalizing higher education. It unites voices of academics from around the globe with considerable experience with international higher education in a well-considered defense of the university as a public space transcending locality, counteracting parochialism, and defending the quality of scholarship. All authors writing in this volume have themselves followed international trajectories, across different parts of the world. At the same time, all are now settled academics. They have been observing the relevant trends in their work environments and have been actively involved in managing them. Universitas brings their informed auto-ethnographic reflections in conversation with each other and connects them into a systematic analysis that allows us to recognize and communicate the virtues of internationalizing higher education and to better navigate its challenges. At the same time, the auto-biographical subtexts of the contributions vividly illustrate how international experiences impact personal and professional development and help make the case for defending the internationalization of higher education against its detractors.

In Misinformation Studies and Higher Education in the Postdigital Era: Beyond Fake News, Paul Cook argues that the epistemological complexity of the postdigital age demands a new, metadisciplinary approach to information and media - misinformation studies. Cook posits that institutions of higher education can work toward regaining the public's trust and reinvigorating general education programs by developing a metadiscipline that directly addresses the problem of misinformation in all its various and dangerous forms. This book outlines how such a curricular pivot may be accomplished in an age saturated with generative AI, algorithmic manipulation, ubiquitous networked computing, and information overload, coupled with the myriad challenges higher education faces from seemingly all sides. Ultimately, this book makes a compelling case that universities and colleges can instead harness the fragmentation caused by this 'perfect storm' currently facing higher education so they can not only weather the crisis, but also emerger stronger because of it.

A Shift in the Portrayal and Reception of Homosexuality from the Victorian to the Modern Period explores how the reception of homosexuality in literature evolved and morphed greatly from the late 19th century to the 20th century and how the gender of the author played a particularly import role. Victorian society scorned and punished gay men to a harsher degree due to the subversive, taboo, and "emasculating" nature of male homosexuality, as evident in the reception of Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray. In contrast, the Modern period saw a positive portrayal and reception of homosexuality in Virginia Woolf's Mrs. Dalloway. Modern society as well as Victorian society accepted same-sex female relationships under the assumption that women were incapable of engaging in sexual acts-an assumption influenced by Queen Victoria. Thus, on the surface, both societies tolerated female homosexuality in literature. However, this distorted tolerance was a limiting and silencing force. Darby Dyer compares the homosexuality in the works and lives of Wilde and Woolf to other authors during their time periods to address how far queer representation has come in literature and other arts. She concludes with a call to action that the fight is not over.

A Critical Companion to Jane Campion offers a thorough and detailed study of the works of Jane Campion. This edited volume seeks a modern approach by blurring the frontiers between film and television, film theater releases, and platforms, and treats the entirety of Campion's her body of work as a meaningful whole. The chapters explore recurring themes and connections across Campion's oeuvre, including her complex feminine characters, exploration of New Zealand landscapes, love for literature, constant dialogue between media, and the influence of the Gothic. Contributors draw on a variety of scholarly approaches, methodologies, and perspectives to provide innovative readings of Campion's work that are sure to spark new discussions.

In Populism, Territories, Name Disputes, and Hyperreality: Greek Nationalism and the Macedonian Case, Minos-Athanasios Karyotakis examines how and why societal actors may use different names to refer to the same territory. Karyotakis demonstrates the enormous symbolic power that the names of places can hold through a study of the Macedonian name dispute (MND), arguing that territorial names can be symbolic and crucial for constructing nation-states through imbued influential meanings affecting citizens' hearts and minds. These symbolic name disputes (SNDs), he posits, offer societal elites the opportunity to further their own personal ambitions, which can include winning electoral power and spreading hatred against non-supporters. Karyotakis then delineates how some disputes have maintained a seemingly improved version of reality that strongly attaches the conflict to a dogmatized dominant narrative which exploits the nationalistic ideas of the nation-state and blurs territorial borders (hyperreal symbolic name disputes), while other disputes are firmly attached to actual territorial claims that arise from a disagreement over control of a well-defined physical territory (referential symbolic name disputes). Pointing to several persistent territorial name disputes - such as the Arabian/Persian Gulf, Kurdistan, the Kuril Islands/Northern Territories, Macedonia, Navasa Island/La Navase, and Western Sahara, among others - this book provides a model for a novel categorization that broadens our understanding of these conflicts.

In the 21st century, political debates appear to center on fundamental conflicts between "the people" and "elites." Most of these discussions emphasize strategies to protect and empower the oppressed masses against a predatory ruling class. Much of classical political thought, however, was written from an aristocratic point of view: that is, it ascribed paramount importance to the question of elite formation. Assuming inequality as a permanent feature of human associations, what virtues would elites need to have, what institutions and traditions would cultivate the best qualities in members of the ruling class, and curb their extravagances. Aristocratic Voices: Forgotten Arguments about Virtue, Authority, and Inequality consists of essays by political theorists who explore these questions in the works of aristocratic thinkers, both ancient and modern. The volume includes analyses of aristocratic virtues, interpretations of aristocratic assemblies and constitutions, both historic and contemporary, as well as critiques of liberal virtues and institutions. Essays on Plutarch, Nicholas of Cusa, Marsilius of Padua, Sir Thomas Elyot, John Henry Newman, Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl, Henry Adams, Friedrich Nietzsche, Irving Babbitt, Oswald Spengler, Julius Evola, and Robert Nisbet explore ways of preserving and adapting the valuable aspects of the aristocratic ethos to the needs of modern societies.

Posthuman Southeast Asia: Ecocritical Entanglements Across Species Boundaries explores the posthuman in Southeast Asia from various ecocritical perspectives and encourages further and deeper entanglements between ecocritics and the bountiful, but also threatened, multispecies ecologies of this region. Southeast Asia is an area where humans and nonhumans have always been deeply entangled, from the indigenous and ancient traditions of animism to the variegated and blooming creativity of contemporary literature, art, music, drama, film, and other media. This book expands and enriches Southeast Asian ecocritical scholarship by incorporating posthumanist and new materialist perspectives. Across twelve chapters, this volume explicitly engages with Southeast Asian texts, cultural practices, and environmental issues from the broadly conceived theoretical framework of posthuman ecocriticism. They provide a uniquely inflected perspective on the literary, multimedia, and artistic dimensions of contemporary nature-cultures in Southeast Asia, as part of a concerted effort to disclose the complex entanglements of humans and nonhumans across the region.

In this book, Valerie Kretz utilizes examples from pop culture and everyday life to provide an examination of current research on romantic relationships and media, with an emphasis on entertainment and digitally-mediated communication. By dividing the book into two major sections - relationship trajectories and different aspects of relationships - Kretz establishes a framework through which to explore relevant theoretical and empirical findings, drawing on established literature, examples in the media, and the lived experiences of interview participants. Kretz covers a wide range of topics through these frameworks, including online dating, representations of love in film and television, social media and romantic jealousy, parasocial romance, and digital breakups, among others. Ultimately, Kretz argues that all available evidence demonstrates the complexity of this intersection, due to the separate roles that several distinct factors like medium, content, social context, frequency of use, and individual differences all play a role in how these intersections are constructed in the real world. Finally, the book identifies potential directions for future research as scholars continue to unpack this complex relationship.

The Fight of Exiled Journalist and Anti-Communist Activist Josef Josten: For Freedom, Democracy, and Human Rights (1948-1985) explores the life and work of exiled Czech journalist Josef Josten (1913-1985) and his fight against the communist Soviet regime in his homeland. Josten was a tireless journalist, activist, and organizer of campaigns and initiatives to expose communist strategy and tactics. During his exile, he set up the Free Czechoslovakia Information Service, which issued the regular bulletin Features and News from Behind the Iron Curtain. His work culminated in the Free Czechoslovakia Campaign, and the establishment of the British Committee for the Defense of the Unjustly Prosecuted. This book offers insight into the Soviet directives regarding their relationship with Great Britain, the struggles of the Czech exile community, and the infiltration of the exile movement by Soviet secret agents.

Motivation in the Ancient Greek Ethos: Punishment, Shame, and Moral Guilt explores motivational techniques that were utilized in the Ancient Greek culture (from Archaic to Classical periods) to channel the reluctant agent's behavior in a desirable direction. Structured around several types of "appeal to fear" strategies--including an appeal to fears of divine retribution, earthly punishment, public disgrace, or oblivion--, this book analyzes these strategies with regard to their efficiency, practical applicability, and normative priority. In addition, Andrei G. Zavaliy argues that towards the end of the Classical period of Greek history the repertoire of the standard motivational strategies was enriched by a new possibility: an appeal to fear of self-shaming and, in general, to fear of painful inner qualms as a consequence of misbehavior. The latter type of incentive was clearly present in Democritus and appeared somewhat tangentially in Plato but was emphatically restated by Aristotle. Zaviliy further suggests that the type of psychic discomfort experienced by a wrongdoer, according to Aristotle, is structurally similar to the "pangs of conscience" in the way this phenomenon was developed during the late Hellenistic period, and, this Aristotelian psychic discomfort can thus be reasonably correlated with the feeling of moral guilt.

Imagined Networks in Pre-Modern Italian Literature: Literary Mothers, Literary Sisters presents the untold stories of the literary mothers and sisters in pre-modern Italian literature and the vibrant intellectual networks they forged. The authors argue that these women writers became adoptive references for other authors, often as an alternative to an established canon of textual authority. The proposed concepts of literary motherhood and sisterhood focus on the agency of the writers in choosing a model, rather than adhering to hierarchical structures. The women showcased in this book defied conventions, and are aware of the generative power of their works and regard themselves as literary guiding lights for future authors. They built prolific communities through exchanges, correspondences, debates, oblique conversations, and sometimes subtle allusions that confer authority to each other. The six essays in this book bring to life the figures of Caterina da Siena, Isabella Andreini, Giulia Bigolina, Margherita Costa, Lucrezia Marinella, Arcangela Tarabotti, and the relationship between Gaspara Stampa and Luisa Bergalli, as well as that between Bianca Milesi Mojon and Maria Edgeworth.