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The study ¿Business Aviation Study Switzerland 2022¿ examines the impact, benefits and trends of Business Aviation with a specific emphasis on the Swiss market. Outlining the economic impact by focusing on the national and regional Swiss Business Aviation airports and their related stakeholder benefits, the study highlights Business Aviation as an integral part and backbone of the highly efficient Swiss aviation system. In 2021, Switzerland recorded close to 100,000 Business Aviation aircraft movements ¿ exceeding the level of 2019. In light of the COVID-19 related crisis of scheduled airline traffic, Business Aviation has proven resilient temporarily increasing its share in total aircraft movements to 27 %. Thus, Business Aviation remains a reliable and irreplaceable partner securing Switzerland¿s connectivity, particularly in times of crisis. Looking to the future, Business Aviation opens up the opportunity to act as an innovation driver and technological pioneer paving the way for sustainable aviation in the long term.

Die Entwicklung von innovativen Lösungen durch Freiwillige in Online Communities ¿ sogenannten ¿Open Collaberative Innovation¿ (OCI) Communities ¿ hat beachtliche Aufmerksamkeit durch die Wissenschaftsgemeinde erfahren. Ein Grund dafür ist, dass viele dieser Communities extrem erfolgreich sind, wie die Beispiele von Wikipedia oder unzähligen Open Source Communities zur Softwareentwicklung zeigen. Eine der Kernfragen bei der Erforschung dieses Phänomens ist die Problematik der Governance in solchen Communities. Governance umfasst die Mechanismen zur Koordination der Arbeit und zur Sicherung des Austausches zwischen verschiedenen Akteuren. Zusätzlich versuchen immer mehr Firmen die Vorteile von OCI Communities zu nutzen, indem sie entweder eigene Communities gründen oder mit bestehenden interagieren. Diese Entwicklung hat direkte Auswirkung auf die Frage der Governance, da sich der Fokus von einer reinen Selbststeuerung der Community hin zu einer externen Steuerung durch die Firma verschiebt. Die folgende Arbeit untersucht dieses Problem, indem die die Auswirkung von zwei verschiedenen Governance Ausprägungen (exogen vs. endogen) in einer Innovations-Community gegenüber gestellt wird. Dies wird mittels eines Experiments erörtert. Communities of volunteers creating innovative outcomes, so called open collaborative innovation (OCI) communities, have received considerably scholarly attention. Attention, because such communities have shown extremely successful as the outstanding examples of Wikipedia and numerous open source communities producing software confirm. When investigating OCI communities¿ one key question is governance, that is, the way the community coordinates work and safeguards their interactions. Recently, a growing number of firms have started to make use of OCI communities, either by sponsoring or interacting with them. The emergence of firms shifts the focus from self-governance of volunteers to external, firm initiated, governance of communities.The following book examines this issue, by contrasting two modes of governance (exogenous vs. endogenous governance) within a community. The question is investigated through an experimental approach.

Transitional Justice is increasingly consolidating as a legal framework directed at providing an answer as to how to deal with the serious violations of human rights committed during a warlike conflict or a dictatorship. In order to achieve this goal, transitional justice resorts to measures which must have the victim¿s rights as a limit. The victim¿s perspective is emphasized in the context of transitional justice due to the special characteristics of physical and psychological harm that they suffered during the constitutional break. Thus, victims¿ rights constitute a schema of reference for determining the admissibility of a political measure enacted during the transition or the re-thinking of traditional legal institutions. It is precisely in this context that the statute of limitations must be questioned with regards to the criminal prosecution of core crimes.

A system theory of the mind? It sounds like cybernetics, chaos theory, autopoiesis, or the theory of mind (TOM). This monograph, however, aims to break new ground. Leafing through this book, one notices formulae and unusual characters which seem to join forces and walk across the pages like centipedes. This book is more than challenging for readers who do not come into contact with mathematics regularly. And this is how the author believes he can explain what nobody has thus far been able to explain ¿ how can the mind be understood and how can its state variables be calculated? He draws on quantum physics, a field that is oft en not understood even by its own practitioners. How can such a book expect to reach readers and how can the views included here expect to find adherents? Even scientists who devote themselves to research on the mind are likely to eschew the imaginary and complex numbers, Fourier transformations and quaternions presented here in favour of more established and conventional approaches. Once one has started reading, it soon becomes apparent that it might not be wise ¿ or even possible ¿ to ignore the ideas presented here for long. Prof. Dr. Gerald Wolf (from the foreword) A very interesting book. Explaining mental processes with mathematic formulae seems to be adventurous. However, it is a promising approach! Prof. Dr. Pauen, Humboldt-University Berlin.

Recently, the synthesis of neutral and cationic group(VI) imido/oxo alkylidene N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes that tolerate protic functional groups and aldehydes was reported. Unprecedented turnover numbers of up to 1.2 million were found for their silica-supported representatives. Some group(VI) alkylidene NHC complexes even display stability towards moisture and air. Coordination of the NHC to tungsten imido bistriflate precursor complexes, however, can lead to undesired side reactions. This work consequently aimed at the development of novel, more efficient routes to neutral and cationic tungsten imido/oxo alkylidene NHC complexes. In addition, some molybdenum imido alkylidene NHC complexes were targeted. Thereby, the scope of synthetically accessible complexes was broadened and, subsequently, their reactivity in ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) was probed. Those complexes were used as thermally latent initiators for the ROMP of dicyclopentadiene. Precise determination of the onset temperature of polymerization was achieved via monitoring with differential scanning calorimetry. Furthermore, the selectivity of novel complexes was tested for the formation of stereoregular polymers through ROMP of enantiomerically pure norbornene derivatives, which allowed for the synthesis of up to 98% trans-isotactic or cis-syndiotactic polymers depending on the steric demand of the imido and the alkoxide ligand.

This thesis discusses potential pathways and driving forces for lipid transport through crystalline fat suspensions such as chocolate. Observation of macroscopic migration indicated that structure plays a major role. Microtomography images of chocolates confirmed the presence of voids, which might act as preferred pathway. Small angle X-ray scattering manifested that lipids migrate through pores in the short-term and the fat phase in the long-term. Migration rates were approximated with a model based on viscous flow driven by capillary pressure. More information on material properties is needed to verify that model.Diese Arbeit diskutiert potentielle Wege und Ursachen für den Transport von Lipiden durch Fettsuspensionen wie Schokolade. Makroskopische Untersuchungen zeigten, dass die Struktur den Transport stark beeinflusst. Mikrotomografieaufnahmen und Kleinwinkelstreuung bestätigten ein Vorhandensein von Hohlräumen in Schokolade und deren Komponenten, die bevorzugte Wege für den Lipidtransport sein könnten. Migrationsgeschwindigkeiten wurden mit einem Modell basierend auf der Darcy und Lucas-Washburn-Gleichung berechnet. Genaue Kenntnisse zu den Materialeigenschaften sind essenziell, um dieses Modell zu bestätigen.

Semidefinite Optimization has attracted the attention of many researchers over the last twenty years. It has nowadays a huge variety of applications in such different fields as Control, Structural Design, Statistics, or in the relaxation of hard combinatorial problems. In this thesis, we focus on the practical tractability of large-scale semidefinite optimization problems. From a theoretical point of view, these problems can be solved by polynomial-time Interior-Point methods approximately. The complexity estimate of Interior-Point methods grows logarithmically in the inverse of the solution accuracy, but with the order 3.5 in both the matrix size and the number of constraints. The later property prohibits the resolution of large-scale problems in practice.In this thesis, we present new approaches based on advanced First-Order methods such as Smoothing Techniques and Mirror-Prox algorithms for solving structured large-scale semidefinite optimization problems up to a moderate accuracy. These methods require a very specific problem format. However, generic semidefinite optimization problems do not comply with these requirements. In a preliminary step, we recast slightly structured semidefinite optimization problems in an alternative form to which these methods are applicable, namely as matrix saddle-point problems. The final methods have a complexity result that depends linearly in both the number of constraints and the inverse of the target accuracy.Smoothing Techniques constitute a two-stage procedure: we derive a smooth approximation of the objective function at first and apply an optimal First-Order method to the adapted problem afterwards. We present a refined version of this optimal First-Order method in this thesis. The worst-case complexity result for this modified scheme is of the same order as for the original method. However, numerical results show that this alternative scheme needs much less iterations than its original counterpart to find an approximate solution in practice. Using this refined version of the optimal First-Order method in Smoothing Techniques, we are able to solve randomly generated matrix saddle-point problems involving a hundred matrices of size 12¿800 x 12¿800 up to an absolute accuracy of 0.0012 in about four hours.Smoothing Techniques and Mirror-Prox methods require the computation of one or two matrix exponentials at every iteration when applied to the matrix saddle-point problems obtained from the above transformation step. Using standard techniques, the efficiency estimate for the exponentiation of a symmetric matrix grows cubically in the size of the matrix. Clearly, this operation limits the class of problems that can be solved by Smoothing Techniques and Mirror-Prox methods in practice. We present a randomized Mirror-Prox method where we replace the exact matrix exponential by a stochastic approximation. This randomized method outperforms all its competitors with respect to the theoretical complexity estimate on a significant class of large-scale matrix saddle-point problems. Furthermore, we show numerical results where the randomized method needs only about 58% of the CPU time of the deterministic counterpart for solving approximately randomly generated matrix saddle-point problems with a hundred matrices of size 800 × 800.As a side result of this thesis, we show that the Hedge algorithm ¿ a method that is heavily used in Theoretical Computer Science ¿ can be interpreted as a Dual Averaging scheme. The embedding of the Hedge algorithm in the framework of Dual Averaging schemes allows us to derive three new versions of this algorithm. The efficiency guarantees of these modified Hedge algorithms are at least as good as, sometimes even better than, the complexity estimates of the original method. We present numerical experiments where the refined methods significantly outperform their vanilla counterpart.

Bochum University of Applied Sciences has identified the central transformation topics ofsustainability and digitalisation as a key goal and anchored them in its strategy. In severalstudy programmes, students are already being prepared and qualified as future expertsfor their tasks as agents of change in the transformation process. The importance of digitalisation for solving future sustainabilitychallenges is clearly becoming the dominant factor. In its report Our Common Digital Future,the Advisory Council on Global Change (WBGU) emphasises that digitalisation mustbe designed in such a way that it can serve as a lever and support for the Great Transformationtowards sustainability and can be synchronised with it.In this context, technological approaches and use cases from the areas of blockchain anddecentralized finance are prominently discussed in the public debate and are still controversialwith regard to their contribution to sustainable development.

Climate change has become one of the most significant challenges humanity faces. Asgreenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, not only will natural disasters strike considerablymore frequently and severely, but whole swaths of land will become uninhabitableand infertile as farmland. It is apparent that long-term approaches like reaching net-zerowith new technologies are important, but so are short-term measures to avoid tippingpoints and passing points of no return. The transport sector accounts for nearly a quarter(23%) of energy related-emissions, and 40-60% of these transport-related emissionsstem from commuting and business traveling. One short-term approach to lower transportemissions is ridesharing: When two or more commuters team up, significant emissionscan be saved. As a result, business trip ridesharing (BTRS), the sharing of individualvehicles for commuting and business trips among employees, has gained increased attentionfrom organizations and academia alike. BTRS shares similar adoption challengeslike ridesharing and shared-mobility overall: From individuals' prevalence to solving thematching and allocation problem of shared resources. This thesis investigates the role that Green Information Systems (Green IS) can play tosupport BTRS adoption.

Conservation of biodiversity including plant genetic resources are fundamental for the future life on Earth. To safe-guard crop wild relatives, locally adapted landraces and varieties, ex situ genebanks were established at the beginning of the 20th century; primarily to store seeds. However, as any other material on Earth, seeds age and lose viability when stored for prolonged periods. The main factors determining deterioration processes are the genotype, the environmental conditions during seed development and the storage conditions including relative humidity, temperature, gas composition and pressure. To understand physiological, biochemical and genetic changes during seed deterioration in genetic resources of wheat, barley and oilseed rape, fundamental processes of germination, dormancy and seed viability loss are discussed in this book based on 13 scientific publications. Here, the loss of seed viability was investigated depending on seed moisture contents (MCs) between 5 % and >25 , storage temperatures between 0°C and 45°C and a modified atmosphere with increased O2 concentration (75) or increased atmospheric pressure (18 MPa). Although, the response to the different conditions varied among species, overall, elevating seed MCs and storage temperatures led to a gradual change of biochemical mechanisms during seed deterioration. Under dry seed storage conditions, glutathione (GSH) and tocochromanols functioned as low-molecular-weight antioxidants and were degraded. Lipids were oxidised or hydrolysed, the pH decreased, whereas organic radicals accumulated over time and correlated negatively with seed viability. At high seed MCs (>13 %) and storage temperatures (>40 °C), membrane damages, changes of pH or organic radicals were absent. Furthermore, GSH and GSSG depleted whereas tocochromanols remained stable or increased. Therefore, seeds stored under high MCs and temperatures were exposed to a different environment than seeds exposed to lower MCs and temperatures where water activity and deterioration rate were reduced and the cytoplasm was assumed to be glassy. As a consequence, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) varied between ageing treatments; thus to understand genetic mechanisms of seeds deterioration in seedbanks, studies must be carried out on dry-stored seeds. Overall, our plant genetic resources are safely preserved in genebanks. However, to avoid genetic drift and to prolong the life of the seed, the conditions for pre-storage and storage should be further optimised and improved for each individual species.

Sustainable Water Management is essential for the social, economic, and environmental growth of developing countries. Many of those had very high population growth rates in the last century, resulted in fast urbanization and strengthened by heavy migration from rural areas to the cities either of big or small size. Water supply of good quality and adequate quantity, especially in countries with semi-arid regions, and appropriate sewerage systems and treatment of wastewaters impaired severe constraints for the population. Nevertheless, many alternatives for wastewater treatment were developed with the participation of universities and research institutions as well as by practitioners. Substantial efforts have been directed towards the search of good alternatives for domestic sewage treatment in metropolitan regions and small cities in developing countries in order to comply with their particular economic and environmental conditions. The use of conventional treatment technologies as well as advanced alternatives for treatment and post-treatment of wastewater, issues of plant scales in centralized and decentralized systems, and possible reuse of the effluents were aimed to present on this workshop and to discuss theoretical and practical aspects.The main objectives of the workshop were (i) to share experiences, knowledge, and research between different partners; (ii) to discuss major problems and challenges in the field of wastewater treatment and reuse in Metropolitan Regions and Small Cities in Developing Countries; (iii) to present suitable treatment technologies for domestic wastewater for the removal of recalcitrant substances and micro-pollutants from domestic sewage and industrial effluents; and (iv) likeliness of reuse of treated wastewater in urban areas, in the industry, and in agriculture. Individual topics dealt with were (v) alternatives for domestic sewage treatment in metropolitan regions and small cities; (vi) anaerobic processes for the treatment of domestic sewage and industrial wastewaters; (vii) stabilization ponds; (viii) aerobic granular sludge; (ix) post-treatment processes; (x) centralized and decentralized systems; and (xi) water reuse.

This research presents a method for efficiently and reproducibly comparing diverse battery thermal management concepts in an early stage of development to assist in battery system design. The basis of this method is a hardware-based thermal simulation model of a prismatic Lithium-Ion battery, called the Smart Battery Cell (SBC). By eliminating the active chemistry, enhanced reproducibility of the experimental boundary conditions and increased efficiency of the experimental trials are realized. Additionally, safety risks associated with Lithium-Ion cells are eliminated, making the use of the SBC possible with thermal management systems in an early state of developed and without costly safety infrastructure. The integration of thermocouples leaves the thermal contact surface undisturbed, allowing the SBC to be integrated into diverse thermal management systems.

This thesis presents the generic rules for permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) with tooth coil winding arrangement. The generic rules concentrates on minimized cogging torque and torque ripple. The geometries considered in this thesis are two different tooth coil winding arrangements and three different rotor types to formulate the design rules. The occurrence of parasitic torque in the PMSM is classified from the origin of harmonic sources. The cogging torque and torque ripple are derived analytically using the stator current sheet distribution, the rotor field distribution and the permeance functions. The detailed torque analysis are performed in Finite Element Method (FEM) for different slot opening and magnet pole coverage.The 2D harmonics analysis approach is used to predict the sources of the harmonics. The torque is reconstructed from the selected harmonics combinations and are compared with the pulsating torque obtained directly from the FEM. The harmonic sources of pulsating torque are also validated with prototype for a geometry. The investigations on pulsating torque are extended to other operating points such as field weakening and half load condition.Finally, the generic design rules are suggested for PMSM with tooth coil winding arrangement. In addition, simplified design rules to have quick design approach and design guidelines from manufacturing point of view are suggested.

Haiku® is an open source, light, fast and user-friendly operating system thatis inspired by the ¿Multimedia Operating System¿ BeOS¿. At the momentHaiku is still under development and the latest release was Alpha 2 which ismeant to be used only for testing. Unlike many other open source operatingsystems, such as Linux or FreeBSD, Haiku sets the focus on personal computingand the graphic user interface (GUI) is not just an ¿Add-On¿ or ¿additionalwindows management system¿, but it is an essential part of the kernel.This thesis analyses Haiku, especially regarding the ease of use, the GUIand the multimedia capabilities, by giving an introduction to Haiku, an overviewof the history and features of BeOS and a lot of general and technicalinformation about the architecture, the easy of use, the GUI and some otheraspects of operating systems in general respectively in the special case ofHaiku. In order to recognize the main fields of application of Haiku and theexpectations of the users regarding the further development of Haiku, theHaiku community has been analysed by doing an online survey that wasanswered by more than one thousand persons.

Mit dieser sequentiellen Querschnittsstudie wurde die Verbindung zwischen der vorhandenenGemüsevielfalt (¿Produktion¿) und der Nahrungsvielfalt von Frauen (¿Konsum¿) in drei verschiedenenDistrikten im ländlichen Tansania untersucht. Des Weiteren wurde die Beziehung zwischen demErnährungszustand der Teilnehmerinnen und deren Anbau- und Ernährungsvielfalt erforscht.Die Studie wurde während drei verschiedener Jahreszeiten innerhalb eines Jahres (2006/2007) in 18Dörfern der drei Distrikte in Nordost- und Zentraltansania mit insgesamt 252 Frauen durchgeführt. DieErhebung beinhaltete ein Einzelinterview über Gemüseanbau, Nahrungsmittelkonsum (u.a. ein 24-Stunden-Recall und ein 7-Tage-Recall bzgl. Gemüse) und Ernährungswissen, sowie die Messung von Body MassIndex (BMI), Hämoglobin (Hb) für den Eisenstatus und verschiedene Faktoren für den Vitamin A Status.Neben der Untersuchung von einzelnen Nährstoffen, Nahrungsmittelgruppen und Gesundheitsproblemenwurde auch ein ganzheitlicher Ansatz verfolgt, um Nahrungsvielfalt sowie Ernährungsmuster und derenVerbindung zu Ernährungsstatus und Gemüseproduktion von Frauen zu prüfen. Beziehungen zwischenverschiedenen Variablen wurden sowohl durch bivariate Korrelationen als auch durch multipleRegressionen getestet. Werte für die Vielfalt an gegessenen Nahrungsmittelgruppen (DDS) sowieeinzelnen Nahrungsmitteln (FVS) wurden errechnet und Ernährungsmuster wurden durchHauptkomponentenanalyse (PCA) und Clusteranalyse gebildet.Hinsichtlich der Verbindung zwischen ¿Produktion¿ und ¿Konsum¿ konnte eine eindeutige Beziehungzwischen der produzierten und konsumierten Gemüsevielfalt gefunden werden. Diese Beziehung war nichtvorhanden für produzierte und konsumierte Gemüsequantität, außer während einzelner Jahreszeiten. Dieverzehrte Gemüsemenge wurde eher beeinflusst durch die Jahreszeit, den Zukauf von vor allem'exotischen' Gemüse neben dem Selbstgezogenen, sowie Wissen, Einstellungen und Vorlieben der Frauenbezüglich Gemüsekonsum. Durch die Ernährungsmusterbildung konnten keine direkten Assoziationenzwischen Gemüsevielfalt im Anbau und Gemüsekonsum gefunden werden. Dennoch konnte für dieStudienpopulation in Tansania aufgezeigt werden, dass die Ernährung (noch) durch die lokale Produktionbeeinflusst wurde und dass deshalb Ernährungsfragen immer auch die aktuelle Lebensmittelproduktion miteinbeziehen und umgekehrt.Die Beziehungen, die zwischen ¿Konsum¿ und Gesundheit gefunden wurden, zeigten, dass Adipositassogar in ländlichen, armen und unterentwickelten Regionen Tansanias vermehrt vorkommt. Außerdemkonnte dargelegt werden, dass eine hohe Vielfalt in der Ernährung nicht an sich eine Garantie für einegesunde Ernährung ist, sondern dass die Nahrungsmittelart und Nahrungsmittelgruppen selbst, die zudieser hohen Vielfalt beitragen, entscheidend sind. Eine direkte Verbindung zwischen ¿Produktion¿ undGesundheit konnte nur teilweise aufgezeigt werden. Anscheinend war der Fokus auf Gemüseproduktionnicht ausreichend, sondern die gesamte Nahrungsmittelproduktion hätte in Betracht gezogen werdenmüssenWeitere Empfehlungen für zukünftige Forschung beinhalten, u.a., den Einfluss von Anbau und Konsum vonexotischen Gemüse und exotischen Lebensmitteln allgemein auf den Ernährungs- und Gesundheitszustandzu untersuchen; den Wert für die Vielfalt an gegessenen Nahrungsmittelgruppen (DDS) als einErhebungsinstrument für Nahrungsvielfalt und -qualität zu verbessern; einen Ernährungsleitfaden fürTansania zu erarbeiten, möglichst gebietsweise; die ¿nutrition transition¿ in Tansania vor allem in denländlichen Regionen zu untersuchen mit dem Schwerpunkt auf Ernährungswissen, Einstellungen, Vorlieben(z.B. Geschmack) und Verhalten.

Modern high-power broad area (BA) diode lasers are important building blocks for the materials processing industry, combining high optical output power with high conversion efficiency. However, their use in direct diode systems, e.g. for sheet metal cutting, is limited due to a poor lateral (slow-axis) beam quality, which is inversely proportional to the beam parameter product (BPP).The main objective of this work was therefore on root cause analy-sis of the factors influencing the diode lasers' increase in lateral BPP. Hence, a series of diagnostic experiments was conducted, each aiming at a specific potential influence in order to assess its importance. The list of considered effects includes thermal lens shape, epitaxial layer design, lateral carrier profile, process-induced index guiding via dry etched trenches, filamentation, and mechanical strain. Analysis revealed that epitaxial layer structure and chip geometry have considerable impact on thermal lens bowing, which directly correlates with the rate of BPP increase with rising junction temperature. In addition, the suppression of lateral carrier accumulation with deep proton implantation at the BA emitter edges led to a 33% decrease of that deterioration rate. The application of index guiding trenches yielded stabilized near-field dimensions as function of current, but also increased the BPP considerably. Filamentation and mechanical strain were found to have only marginal influence.In addition, this work assesses techniques that aim at reducing the BPP via a reduction of the number of active lateral modes. As a result of a near-field-width selective loss mechanism, diode lasers with an excellent linear radiance of 4.4 W/mm.mrad were fabricated.

Stimulated Brillouin scattering is the most dominant nonlinear effect in single mode optical fibers. Its unique spectral characteristics, especially the narrow bandwidth of 20 - 30 MHz enable numerous applications, including optical spectrum analysis, delay and storage of light, distributed sensing and optical signal processing. Most of them would benefit from a reduction of the Brillouin gain bandwidth.This dissertation demonstrates several methods for significant reduction of the Brillouin gain bandwidth, including a multi-stage system, the superposition of the gain with two losses as well as the utilization of a frequency domain aperture. Thereby the Brillouin gain bandwidth can be reduced significantly down to 3 MHz, which equals 15% of the normal bandwidth.Furthermore, the reduced Brillouin gain bandwidth is employed for various applications. First, the resolution and the dynamic range of a Brillouin based optical spectrum analyzer are enhanced significantly. Second, a new technique for the storage of optical data packets, called Quasi-Light-Storage, is introduced and the maximum storage time is increased to 160 ns for 8 bit data packets. Finally, Brillouin scattering is used for the processing of optical frequency combs, leading to the generation high quality of mm- and THz-waves, as well as almost ideal sinc-shaped Nyquist pulse sequences.

This book in Italian is an essay about some latin inscriptions preserved in the lapidarium of the Samnium Museum (Museo del Sannio) in the town of Benevento (southern Italy). It is intended not only for readers interested in Roman political and social history and in latin inscriptions but also for those who would like to visit the lapidarium.The book tells of the public and private life of Roman Benevento drawing on first-hand historical sources: some latin inscriptions dating from the 2nd century B.C. to the 4th century A.D. The text is thematically arranged and includes 25 colour photos showing the inscriptions analysed in it. The chapters are about the political institutions of Roman Benevento; public buildings and the munificence by the rich; religion and cults; the people of Roman Benevento and the messages written on their gravestones.This essay is written in a plain style. Its language is straightforward and there is no epigraphic jargon. In the text readers will also find translations and paraphrases of the latin inscriptions used for describing the life in Roman Benevento. Difficult words and concepts are explained in some footnotes which are intended as a glossary. The latin original textes are grouped in a special appendix for those who know the language of ancient Rome and would like to enjoy the original version. A select bibliography gives more information about the history of Roman Benevento, the latin inscriptions of the town and latin epigraphy in general.

Non-globular FG domains constitute the permeability barrier of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), which control all macromolecular exchange between nucleus and cytoplasm. Whilst objects smaller than 30kDa can passively diffuse across this barrier, larger molecules need to be chaperoned by nuclear transport receptors (NTRs). However, the modus operandi and, inextricably linked, the exact physical nature of the NPC permeability barrier are still controversially discussed. Whereas so far, most studies exclusively focused on yeast or vertebrate FG domains, the ability of FG domains from different species to form selective barriers was explored here. Interestingly, all studied species contain ¿cohesive¿ FG domains that interact with each other to form a characteristic (hydrogel) phase mimicking the permeability properties of NPCs.

This dissertation is devoted to attitudes of consumers toward luxury in two agricultural markets, horse sports and foods. Literature postulates a change of perceived luxury definitions and motives for luxury consumption. Accordingly, personally-oriented luxury consumption has gained significance while socially-oriented motives have been pushed into the background. Based on this, the following studies were aimed to reveal how far it has affected the consumer behavior in both agricultural markets. The research results are used to define the target groups for different kinds of luxury marketing and to give recommendations for the design of accordant marketing strategies.The studies provide empirical evidence for the existence of a shift of motives for luxury consumption and luxury definitions away from prestige and conspicuousness toward self-realization, hedonism, intangible values, functionality, sustainability and authenticity. Moreover, the results imply that luxury consumption can be categorized in tangible luxury goods and luxury experience. Despite intersections by means of hedonism and self-realization, the studies revealed differences in the consumption motives for both categories of luxury.