Modeling of Resistivity and Acoustic Borehole Logging Measurements Using Finite Element Methods provides a comprehensive review of different resistivity and sonic logging instruments used within the oil industry, along with precise and solid mathematical descriptions of the physical equations and corresponding FE formulations that govern these measurements. Additionally, the book emphasizes the main modeling considerations that one needs to incorporate into the simulations in order to obtain reliable and accurate results. Essentially, the formulations and methods described here can also be applied to simulate on-surface geophysical measurements such as seismic or marine controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) measurements. Simulation results obtained using FE methods are superior. FE methods employ a mathematical terminology based on FE spaces that facilitate the design of sophisticated formulations and implementations according to the specifics of each problem. This mathematical FE framework provides a highly accurate, robust, and flexible unified environment for the solution of multi-physics problems. Thus, readers will benefit from this resource by learning how to make a variety of logging simulations using a unified FE framework.Provides a complete and unified finite element approach to perform borehole sonic and electromagnetic simulationsIncludes the latest research in mathematical and implementation content on Finite Element simulations of borehole logging measurementsFeatures a variety of unique simulations and numerical examples that allow the reader to easily learn the main features and limitations that appear when simulating borehole resistivity measurements
Processed Cheese Science and Technology: Ingredients, Manufacture, Functionality, Quality, and Regulations details the most recent developments and updates regarding processed cheeses and cheese products. It offers comprehensive information on all aspects of processed cheese, including manufacturing, types, ingredients, flavors, colors, preservatives, functionality (texture and rheology), analyses, quality, microbiology, regulations and legislations. Structured into 16 chapters, the book begins with an introduction that provides a general overview of processed cheese, followed by a detailed description of the ingredients used in manufacturing, such as using cheeses as ingredients, vegetable-originated ingredients, salts, and more. In addition, low sodium and low-salt processed cheeses are discussed, highlighting the potential benefits for human health. Technological aspects of processed cheese are also covered, followed by an outline of special types of processed cheeses. The book then goes on to examine techniques for end-product characterization, as well as the quality aspects including the microbiology of processed cheese. The last chapter discusses the applications, current challenges, and market trends of processed cheese. Processed Cheese Science and Technology: Ingredients, Manufacture, Functionality, Quality, and Regulations is an excellent resource aimed at food scientists, researchers in academia, and individuals working in the food industry and the commercial sector with a focus on processed cheeses and their end-products. Offers the most complete coverage of processed cheese products to-date Led by active researchers and educators with expertise in processed cheeses, featuring chapters by global dairy science experts Includes extensive lists of references for further reading at the end of each chapter
Tailor-Made and Functionalized Biopolymer Systems: For Drug Delivery and Biomedical Applications covers the design and application of these functionalized and tailor-made biopolymers and biopolymer systems intended for drug delivery and biomedical applications. Various concepts, design protocols and biomedical applications of tailor-made biopolymer systems are covered, guiding the reader from theoretical knowledge to practical application. Authored by an array of experts from global institutions, this book offers an interdisciplinary approach to how tailor-made biopolymers lead to novel drug delivery and treatment solutions. This will be a useful reference to a broad audience, including biomedical engineers, materials scientists, pharmacologists and chemists.Provides a concise overview of tailor-made and functionalized biopolymer systems for biomedical applicationsCovers a range of modified biopolymers, biopolymeric composites and biopolymer-based systems in drug delivery, development of artificial organs, diagnostic applications, and moreDescribes characterization, synthesis and functionalization of biopolymers and biopolymers systems
Advances in Chemical Proteomics provides essential concepts and recent applications on probes, tool compounds and concepts for chemical proteomics and then moves on to applications, including solid-phase reagents, fragment screening, designer compounds and protein lipidation. As the second volume in the Developments in Organic Chemistry series, each chapter is written by experts in the field. Users will find this to be a valuable reference for organic chemists and chemical biologists who are interested in developing tool compounds and reagents to measure and interrogate proteome, develop drug leads, and measure off-target effects and drug toxicity. Analytical chemists who are interested in better understanding organic chemistry behind commonly used reagents for quantitative proteomics and tools compounds in the emerging field of chemical proteomics will also benefit from this comprehensive resource on the topics presented. Provides an ideal, introductory book to chemical proteomics for organic chemists, pharmaceutical chemists and chemical biologists Includes advanced, recent applications and reviews in chemical proteomics Presents valuable work by a global team of experts from the field of proteomics
Multifrequency Electromagnetic Data Interpretation for Subsurface Characterization focuses on the development and application of electromagnetic measurement methodologies and their interpretation techniques for subsurface characterization. The book guides readers on how to characterize and understand materials using electromagnetic measurements, including dielectric permittivity, resistivity and conductivity measurements. This reference will be useful for subsurface engineers, petrophysicists, subsurface data analysts, geophysicists, hydrogeologists, and geoscientists who want to know how to develop tools and techniques of electromagnetic measurements and interpretation for subsurface characterization.Includes case studies to add additional color to the presented content Provides codes for the mechanistic modeling of multi-frequency conductivity and relative permittivity of porous geomaterialsPresents detailed descriptions of multifrequency electromagnetic data interpretation models and inversion algorithm
Preparing a Workforce for the New Blue Economy: People, Products and Policies discusses the Blue Economy, how the industry will develop, and how to train the next generation. The book considers the use of big data, key skillsets, training undergraduate and graduate students, the Transition Assistance Program (TAP) in the US, economic opportunities in African coastal countries, and governmental agencies, non-profits and NGO''s. Finally, a broad range of case studies are provided, covering oil spills, commercial fishing, data protection and harvesting, sustainability and weather forecasting, all presented to highlight the educational requirements of the workforce and potential economic opportunities. Coordinates efforts from different disciplines and sectors, and shares effective teaching practices and approachesIncludes comprehensive case studies that highlight the educational requirements of the workforce and potential economic opportunitiesPresents a framework for unifying several workforce sectors that are dependent upon the ocean
Exploring Animal Behavior in Laboratory and Field, Second Edition provides a comprehensive manual on animal behavior lab activities. This new edition brings together basic research and methods, presenting applications and problem-solving techniques. It provides all the details to successfully run designed activities while also offering flexibility and ease in setup. The exercises in this volume address animal behavior at all levels, describing behavior, theory, application and communication. Each lab provides details on how to successfully run the activity while also offering flexibility to instructors. This is an important resource for students educators, researchers and practitioners who want to explore and study animal behavior. The field of animal behavior has changed dramatically in the past 15 - 20 years, including a greater use and availability of technology and statistical analysis. In addition, animal behavior has taken on a more applied role in the last decade, with a greater emphasis on conservation and applied behavior, hence the necessity for new resources on the topic. Offers an up-to-date representation of animal behaviorExamines ethics and approvals for the study of vertebrate animalsIncludes contributions from a large field of expertise in the Animal Behavior SocietyProvides a flexible resource that can be used as a laboratory manual or in a flipped classroom setting
Omega-3 Delivery Systems: Production, Physical Characterization and Oxidative Stability offers the most recent updates for developing, characterizing, and stabilizing both traditional and novel omega-3 delivery systems, including their final incorporation into food matrices and physicochemical changes during digestion. The book brings chapters on novel omega-3 delivery systems (e.g., high-fat emulsions, Pickering emulsions, electrosprayed capsules, and solid lipid nanoparticles), the application of advanced techniques to evaluate physical and oxidative stabilities (e.g., SAXS, SANS, ESR, and super-resolution fluorescence microscopy), and new developments of food enrichment and physicochemical changes during digestion. The book provides a unique multidisciplinary and multisectoral approach, i.e., featuring authors from industry and academy. Long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) present numerous health benefits; however, the consumption of natural products rich in omega-3 PUFA (e.g., fish, krill, and algae) is not enough to reach the daily-recommended values. Therefore, the food industry is highly interested in producing omega-3 fortified foods. Brings a holistic approach of omega-3 delivery systems, bringing scientific understanding on production, physical characterization, and oxidative stability Covers key aspects to develop, characterize, and use omega-3 delivery systems for food enrichment, considering physicochemical changes occurring during digestion Serves as an interface between lipid oxidation and colloids chemistry, encapsulation techniques, soft matter physics, food development, and nutrients bioavailability
Bioinspired and Biomimetic Materials for Drug Delivery delves into the potential of bioinspired materials in drug delivery, detailing each material type and its latest developments. In the last decade, biomimetic and bioinspired materials and technology has garnered increased attention in drug delivery research. Various material types including polymer, small molecular, protein, peptide, cholesterol, polysaccharide, nano-crystal and hybrid materials are widely considered in drug delivery research. However, biomimetic and bioinspired materials and technology have shown promising results for use in therapeutics, due to their high biocompatibility and reduced immunogenicity. Such materials include dopamine, extracellular exosome, bile acids, ionic liquids, and red blood cell. This book covers each of these materials in detail, reviewing their potential and usage in drug delivery. As such, this book will be a great source of information for biomaterials scientists, biomedical engineers and those working in pharmaceutical research.Explores latest developments for a broad range of bioinspired and biomimetic materials for drug delivery applicationsHelps researchers overcome the challenges of biocompatibility and immunogenicity in drug developmentProvides both theoretical and practical knowledge in regards to materials characterization and use in a range of drugs
Bionanocomposites in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine explores novel uses of these in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This book offers an interdisplinary approach, combining chemical, biomedical engineering, materials science and pharmacological aspects of the characterization, synthesis and application of bionanocomposites. Chapters cover a broad selection of bionanocomposites including chitosan, alginate and more, which are utilized in tissue engineering, wound healing, bone repair, drug formulation, cancer therapy, drug delivery, cartilage regeneration and dental implants. Additional sections of Bionanocomposites in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine discuss, in detail, the safety aspects and circular economy of bionanocomposites - offering an insight into the commercial and industrial aspects of these important materials. Bionanocomposites in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine will prove a highly useful text for for those in the fields of biomedical engineering, chemistry, pharmaceutics and materials science, both in academia and industrial R&D groups.Each bionanocomposite type is covered individually, providing specific and detailed information for each materialCovers a range of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications, from dental and bone engineering to cancer therapyOffers an integrated approach, with contributions from authors across a variety of related disciplines, including biomedical engineering, chemistry and materials science
The intestine is among the leading organs, in which several cutting edge in vitro and in vivo research tools and approaches have recently been developed and used to investigate stem cell biology/function, and the potential applications of stem cells in the treatment of intestinal diseases. These cutting-edge research tools and approaches involve human and murine organoid cultures, genetic editing in vitro and in vivo, human induced pluripotent cell (iPS cell) models of disease, haploid cells for genetic as well as compound screening paradigms, genetically engineered mice, and stem cell transplantation to cure diseases. Stem Cell Innovation in Health and Disease: Volume 1: The Intestine contains two major sections describing cutting edge research for understanding stem cell functions in the intestine, and for developing methods to bring stem cells from bench to bedside; respectively. Each section includes insights ranging from using mouse and human organoid cultures, genetic editing in vitro and in vivo, and human induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) to study stem cell functions and model intestinal diseases, through the cutting-edge research, including the potential application of iPSCs, ESCs and blood stem cells (stem cell transplants) in the treatment of intestinal diseases/disorders. This volume, therefore, discusses the fact-based promise of stem cells and regenerative medicine in the intestine in the real world. Provides intensive scientific background and most recent information on cutting edge research to understand intestinal stem cell functions and develop methods to bring stem cells from bench to bedside for different intestinal diseasesAnalyzes the current state, opportunities, and challenges of innovative technologies and stem cells from bench to bed, including organoids and the CRISPR gene editing system in the intestineContains two major sections describing cutting-edge research for understanding stem cell functions and for developing methods specific to the intestine
Polysaccharide-Based Nanocomposites for Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering presents quantitative background on new polysaccharide nanocomposites in a clear and logical way, highlighting the most exciting applications in gene delivery and tissue engineering and their progress. The book focuses on the different types of polysaccharide nanocomposites for gene delivery and tissue engineering and covers polysaccharide hydrogels for tissue engineering and polysaccharide magnetic nanocomposites for gene delivery. Chapters cover various nanocomposites presented in twenty-one separate chapters. This book will be of great interest to all those researching the development and applications of polysaccharide-based nanocomposites for modeling. As polysaccharide-based nanocomposites promise cutting-edge applications in gene delivery and tissue engineering, with their development at the forefront of modern medicine, this book is a welcome title on this exciting science.Presents quantitative background on new polysaccharide nanocomposites for advanced medicineFocuses on polysaccharide nanocomposites in relation to gene delivery and tissue engineeringHighlights the most exciting, leading-edge applications in gene delivery and tissue engineeringCovers polysaccharide hydrogels for tissue engineering and magnetic nanocomposites for gene deliveryOffers a logical and useful presentation of polysaccharide nanocomposites organized first by application and then by nanocomposite
In the lung, more recent data have been accumulated on lung stem cell biology/function and the potential applications of stem cells in pulmonary diseases that are facilitated by the recent development of a broad range of cutting edge in vitro and in vivo research tools and approaches, including mouse and human organoid cultures, genetic editing in vitro and in vivo, human induced pluripotent cell (iPS cell) models of disease, haploid cells for genetic as well as compound screening paradigms, genetically engineered mice, and stem cell transplantation to cure diseases. Stem Cell Innovation in Health and Disease: Volume 2: The Lung, contains two major sections describing cutting edge research for understanding stem cell functions in the lung and respiratory system, and for developing methods to bring stem cells from bench to bedside; respectively. Each section includes insights ranging from using mouse and human organoid cultures, genetic editing in vitro and in vivo, and human induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) to study stem cell functions and model lung diseases, through the cutting-edge research aiming to bring stem cells from bench to bedside, including the potential application of iPSCs, ESCs and blood stem cells (stem cell transplants) in the treatment of lung diseases/disorders. This book, therefore, discusses the fact-based promise of stem cells and regenerative medicine in the lung in the real world.Provides intensive scientific background and most recent information on cutting edge research to understand respiratory stem cell functions and develop methods to bring stem cells from bench to bedside for different lung diseasesAnalyzes the current state, opportunities, and challenges of innovative technologies and stem cells from bench to bed, including organoids and iPSC-derived alveolar epithelia cell therapy in the lungContains two major sections describing cutting-edge research for understanding stem cell functions and for developing methods specific to the lung
Mem-elements for Neuromorphic Circuits with Artificial Intelligence Applications illustrates recent advances in the field of mem-elements (memristor, memcapacitor, meminductor) and their applications in nonlinear dynamical systems, computer science, analog and digital systems, and in neuromorphic circuits and artificial intelligence. The book is mainly devoted to recent results, critical aspects and perspectives of ongoing research on relevant topics, all involving networks of mem-elements devices in diverse applications. Sections contribute to the discussion of memristive materials and transport mechanisms, presenting various types of physical structures that can be fabricated to realize mem-elements in integrated circuits and device modeling. As the last decade has seen an increasing interest in recent advances in mem-elements and their applications in neuromorphic circuits and artificial intelligence, this book will attract researchers in various fields.Covers a broad range of interdisciplinary topics between mathematics, circuits, realizations, and practical applications related to nonlinear dynamical systems, nanotechnology, analog and digital systems, computer science and artificial intelligencePresents recent advances in the field of mem-elements (memristor, memcapacitor, meminductor)Includes interesting applications of mem-elements in nonlinear dynamical systems, analog and digital systems, neuromorphic circuits, computer science and artificial intelligence
Implementing Data-Driven Strategies in Smart Cities is a guidebook and roadmap for practitioners seeking to operationalize data-driven urban interventions. The book opens by exploring the revolution that big data, data science, and the Internet of Things are making feasible for the city. It explores alternate topologies, typologies, and approaches to operationalize data science in cities, drawn from global examples including top-down, bottom-up, greenfield, brownfield, issue-based, and data-driven. It channels and expands on the classic data science model for data-driven urban interventions - data capture, data quality, cleansing and curation, data analysis, visualization and modeling, and data governance, privacy, and confidentiality. Throughout, illustrative case studies demonstrate successes realized in such diverse cities as Barcelona, Cologne, Manila, Miami, New York, Nancy, Nice, São Paulo, Seoul, Singapore, Stockholm, and Zurich. Given the heavy emphasis on global case studies, this work is particularly suitable for any urban manager, policymaker, or practitioner responsible for delivering technological services for the public sector from sectors as diverse as energy, transportation, pollution, and waste management. Explores numerous specific urban interventions drawn from global case studies, helping readers understand real urban challenges and create data-driven solutions Provides a step-by-step and applied holistic guide and methodology for immediate application in the reader''s own business agenda Presents cutting edge technology presentation with coverage of innovations such as the Internet of Things, robotics, 5G, edge/fog computing, blockchain, intelligent transport systems, and connected-automated mobility
Principles and Clinical Diagnostic Applications of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy summarizes the principles of surface-enhanced Raman scattering/spectroscopy (SERS) and plasmonic nanomaterials for SERS, with a focus on SERS applications in clinical diagnostics. This book covers the key concepts from the fundamentals, materials, experimental aspects, and applications of SERS in clinical diagnostics with discussions on label-free/direct SERS assay, design and synthesis of SERS nanotags, SERS nanotags for point-of-care diagnostics, microfluidic SERS assay, and in vitro and in vivo sensing and imaging. Written by experts from around the world, this comprehensive volume showcases the recent progress of SERS applications in clinical diagnostics and helps readers understand when and how to use SERS in a clinical setting. Introduces the basics of SERS and suitable nanomaterials for SERS application Gives an overview of the cutting-edge research on SERS applications for clinical diagnosis, including the latest advances in our understanding of underlying principles to enable material design and clinical applications Gradually builds from the fundamental concepts to the applications of SERS for clinical diagnostics
The book "Methods in Silkworm Microbiology" is the first ever publication that provides in-depth reviews on the latest progresses about silkworm -pathogen interactions, diseases and management practices for sustainable development of sericulture. Different molecular and immunodiagnostic methods for the detection of pathogens have been comprehensively addressed. Most recent advancements on the role of Micro RNAs in silkworm and pathogen interactions are provided with suitable illustrations. Recent technological advances and emerging trends in exploring silkworm gut microbial communities towards translation research, particularly to understand microbiome functions have been highlighted. Information on various immune mechanisms of silkworm against invading pathogens is summarized. The book further highlights the silkworm gut microbiota as a potential source for biotechnological applications. Provide comprehensive reviews and valuable methods from the selected experts on the topic "Methods in silkworm microbiology/pathology" Provides latest information on application of genomics and transcriptomics to decipher silkworm gut microbial communities. Different molecular and immunodiagnostic methods for the detection of pathogens have been comprehensively addressed. Provides up to date information on silkworm-pathogen interactions, different silkworm diseases and immune mechanisms
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Process Systems Engineering offers a broad perspective on the issues related to artificial intelligence technologies and their applications in chemical and process engineering. The book comprehensively introduces the methodology and applications of AI technologies in process systems engineering, making it an indispensable reference for researchers and students. As chemical processes and systems are usually non-linear and complex, thus making it challenging to apply AI methods and technologies, this book is an ideal resource on emerging areas such as cloud computing, big data, the industrial Internet of Things and deep learning. With process systems engineering''s potential to become one of the driving forces for the development of AI technologies, this book covers all the right bases.Explains the concept of machine learning, deep learning and state-of-the-art intelligent algorithmsDiscusses AI-based applications in process modeling and simulation, process integration and optimization, process control, and fault detection and diagnosisGives direction to future development trends of AI technologies in chemical and process engineering
One in three homes, on average, suffer from excessive dampness and mould proliferation, with significant health and economic impacts. The combination of new construction methodologies, stricter airtightness requirements and the changing social and cultural context that influences the way we live inside buildings has created unprecedented challenges for the built environment. In modifying indoor and outdoor environments and the building envelopes that serve as a filter between the two, we are changing the physical parameters of the ways in which buildings behave and respond to climatic stimuli. Understanding and predicting the way in which buildings and moisture may interact should be an important step in the design process, aiming to minimise possible negative long-term consequences. Understanding and predicting the way in which buildings and moisture may interact is, today more than ever, essential yet difficult, as the experience of the past has lost its applicability. Moisture-related issues never have a simple solution, since they involve multiple factors, including design, construction, maintenance, materials, climate and occupation pattern. Thus, while the topic is attracting growing attention among researchers, designers and practitioners, the pace with which actual change is occurring is still too slow. Moisture and Buildings provides a critical overview of current research, knowledge and policy frameworks, and presents a comprehensive analysis of the implications of moisture and the importance of accounting for it during the design process. It responds to the urgent need for a systematic organization of the existing knowledge to identify research gaps and provide directions for future developments. The ultimate goal is to increase awareness of the multifaceted implications of hygrothermal phenomena and promote integrated design processes that lead to healthier and more durable constructions. Presents advanced knowledge on hygrothermal processes and their interaction with buildingsIntegrates the three key areas of moisture transport and its impact on buildings, including durability, human health and comfortConsiders the most useful computational tools for assessing moisture and building interactionsIncludes a section on the main European, American and Australian building codesExplains the risks of mold growth to human health, including growth models to assessment methods
The third edition of Joint Replacement Technology provides a thoroughly updated review of recent developments in joint replacement technology. Joint replacement is a standard treatment for joint degradation and has improved the quality of life of millions of patients. Collaboration between clinicians and researchers is critical to its continued success and to meet the rising expectations of patients and surgeons. This edition covers a range of updated and new content, ranging from chapters on materials analysis and selection, to methodologies and techniques used for joint replacement and clinical challenges of replacing specific joints. Key topics include tribological considerations and experiments; challenges in joint bearing surfaces; cementless fixation techniques; healing responses to implants. Clinical challenges and perspectives are covered with the aid of case studies. Thanks to its widespread collaboration and international contributors, Joint Replacement Technology, Third Edition is useful for materials scientists and engineers in both academia and the biomedical industry. Chemists, clinicians, and other researchers in this area will also find this text invaluable. This third edition provides an updated comprehensive review of recent developments in joint replacement technology. Reviews a range of specific joints, biological and mechanical issues and fixation techniques. Includes revised and new content, such as sections on regulatory affairs, AI techniques and 3D printing.
Building Integrated Photovoltaic Thermal Systems: Fundamentals, Designs and Applications presents various applications, system designs, manufacturing and installation techniques surrounding how to build integrated photovoltaics. The book provides a comprehensive understanding of all system components, long-term performance and testing, and the commercialization of BIPV systems. By addressing potential obstacles with current BIPV systems, such as photovoltaic efficiency bottlenecks and product heat harvesting, the authors not only cover fundamentals and design philosophy of current technology, but also introduce a hybrid system that looks at building integrated thermal electric roofing. Topics covered in this book are useful for scientists and engineers in the fields of photovoltaics, electrical and civil engineering, materials science, sustainable energy harvesting, solar energy, and renewable energy production. Contains system integration methods supported by industry developments Includes real-life examples and functional projects as case studies for comparison Covers system design challenges, offering unique solutions
Stereochemistry: The Three-Dimensional Chemistry draws on the knowledge of its expert authors, providing a systematic treatment on the fundamental aspects of stereochemistry, covering conformational aspects, configurational aspects, effects of bulkiness, stereoelectronic effects on properties of molecules, and the genesis of enantiomerism, among other topics. Visuals and exercises are included to consolidate the principles learned, and the contents are carefully structured to prepare readers for predicting and organizing reaction components to obtain desired stereochemical outcomes. This book is an indispensable guide for all those exploring stereochemistry within their work. The principles of stereochemistry are fundamental to understanding chemical behavior and can provide insights into a whole range of problems, from unusual selectivity and unexpected behaviors, to abnormally fast reactions and surprising biochemical preferences. However, understanding and exploring these 3D effects can be difficult within a 2D medium. This book has been designed to address this problem, providing foundational guidance on the principles and applications of stereochemistry that are fully supported by multimedia visuals.Combines foundational concepts and definitions with examples of stereochemistry in practiceHighlights the conformational and configurational impact of atomic arrangement on chemical behaviorOutlines methods of analysisProvides practical exercises and detailed multimedia visuals to support learning
Gut Microbiota in Neurologic and Visceral Diseases presents readers with comprehensive information on the involvement of microbiota in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Chapters cover the effect of microbiota on the development of visceral (obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease) and neurological disorders (Alzheimer¿s disease, Parkinson¿s, depression, anxiety, and autism). Sections focus on the molecular mechanisms and signal transduction processes associated with the links among microbiota-related visceral and neurological disorders. It is hoped that this discussion will not only integrate and consolidate knowledge in this field but will also jumpstart more studies on the involvement of microbiota in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders.
Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Strategic Perspectives in Solid Waste and Waste Water Management explores conventional and advanced biotechnologies for waste management, including socio-economic aspects, techno-economic feasibility, models and modeling tools, and a detailed LCA approach in SW and WW. These innovative technologies are highly applicable to current real-world situations. The enormous increase in the quantum and diversity of SW and WW - including waste materials generated by human activity and their potentially harmful effects on the environment and public health - have led to increasing awareness about an urgent need to adopt novel technologies for appropriate management of both SW and WW. While there is an obvious need to minimize the generation of wastes and to reuse and recycle them, the technologies for managing such wastes can play a vital role in mitigating problems. Besides recovery of substantial energy, these technologies can lead to a considerable reduction in the overall waste quantities requiring final disposal, which can be better managed for safe disposal in a controlled manner while meeting pollution control standards. Outlines appropriate technologies for SW and WW management systems and their applications Presents and evaluates the Best Available Technologies (BAT) and includes global case studies Provides methods for evaluating the way to use appropriate technological systems to develop the best technically and economically feasible projects worldwide Offers an excellent resource for university students to use for their research, dissertations, etc.
Magnetic skyrmions are particle-like objects described by localized solutions of non-linear partial differential equations. Up until a few decades ago, it was believed that magnetic skyrmions only existed in condensed matter as short-term excitations that would quickly collapse into linear singularities. The contrary was proven theoretically in 1989 and evidentially in 2009. It is now known that skyrmions can exist as long-living metastable configurations in low-symmetry condensed matter systems with broken mirror symmetry, increasing the potential applications possible. Magnetic Skyrmions and their Applications delves into the fundamental principles and most recent research and developments surrounding these unique magnetic particles. Despite achievements in the synthesis of systems stabilizing chiral magnetic skyrmions and the variety of experimental investigations and numerical calculations, there have not been many summaries of the fundamental physical principles governing magnetic skyrmions or integrating those concepts with methods of detection, characterization and potential applications. Magnetic Skyrmions and their Applications delivers a coherent, state-of-the-art discussion on the current knowledge and potential applications of magnetic skyrmions in magnetic materials and device applications. First the book reviews key concepts such as topology, magnetism and materials for magnetic skyrmions. Then, charactization methods, physical mechanisms, and emerging applications are discussed. Covers background knowledge and details the basic principles of magnetic skyrmions, including materials, characterization, statics and dynamics Reviews materials for skyrmion stabilization including bulk materials and interface-dominated multilayer materials Describes both well-known and unconventional applications of magnetic skyrmions, such as memristors and reservoir computing
Artificial Neural Networks for Renewable Energy Systems and Real-World Applications presents current trends for the solution of complex engineering problems in the application, modeling, analysis, and optimization of different energy systems and manufacturing processes. With growing research catering to the applications of neural networks in specific industrial applications, this reference provides a single resource catering to a broader perspective of ANN in renewable energy systems and manufacturing processes. ANN-based methods have attracted the attention of scientists and researchers in different engineering and industrial disciplines, making this book a useful reference for all researchers and engineers interested in artificial networks, renewable energy systems, and manufacturing process analysis. Includes illustrative examples on the design and development of ANNS for renewable and manufacturing applications Features computer-aided simulations presented as algorithms, pseudocodes and flowcharts Covers ANN theory for easy reference in subsequent technology specific sections
Energy Storage Devices for Renewable Energy-Based Systems: Rechargeable Batteries and Supercapacitors, Second Edition is a fully revised edition of this comprehensive overview of the concepts, principles and practical knowledge on energy storage devices. The book gives readers the opportunity to expand their knowledge of innovative supercapacitor applications, comparing them to other commonly used energy storage devices. With new application case studies and definitions, this resource will strengthen your understanding of energy storage from a practical, applications-based point-of-view without requiring detailed examination of underlying electrochemical equations. Users will learn about various design approaches and real-time applications of ESDs. Electronic engineering experts and system designers will find this book useful to deepen their understanding on the application of electronic storage devices, circuit topologies, and industrial device data sheets to develop new applications. The book is also intended to be used as a textbook for masters and doctoral students who want to enhance their knowledge and understanding the concepts of renewable energy sources and state-of-the-art ESDs. Provides explanations of the latest energy storage devices in a practical applications-based context Includes examples of circuit designs that optimize the use of supercapacitors Highlights the unique benefits of these devices
Nanocarriers for the Delivery of Combination Drugs focuses on the role of nanocarriers in the delivery of combination drugs for the management and treatment of various diseases. Nanocarriers belonging to the category of polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, lipidic nanocarriers (like nanoemulsions), liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers are now being used in the drug delivery of combination drugs. This book helps readers assimilate all the information available surrounding the application of various nanocarrier technologies for the delivery of combination drugs of synthetic and natural origin, including small and large molecules. This is an important reference source for pharmaceutical scientists and biomaterials scientists who are looking to gain an increased understanding on how nanotechnology is improving the efficiency of combination drug delivery.Outlines how nanocarriers are used to enhance combination drug delivery systemsAssesses the major challenges of delivering combination drugs successfully, and explains how nanocarriers can help meet these challengesExplores the characteristics of a variety of nanocarrier material types
Epigenetics of Exercise and Sports, Volume 24: Concepts, Methods, and Current Research  explains fundamental epigenetic processes and how they are altered by exercise and sports. After a brief review of fundamental epigenetic biology, this all-new volume in the Translational Epigenetics series offers step-by-step instruction on how epigenetic factors are investigated for their influence over exercise related traits of human physiology, disease and injury. The current state of knowledge and recent findings are discussed in detail, illuminating how exercise and sports performance may epigenetically modify our physiology, disease and injury risks. The book also explores the shortcomings of explaining exercise related phenomena using only genomics and traditional biochemical techniques, setting the scene for a paradigm shift in exercise biology. In addition, over a dozen international specialists contribute chapters on exercise and sports epigenetics, reporting their expertise on metabolism, obesity, aging, immunity and neurological disease. Thoroughly examines fundamental concepts in exercise and sports epigenetics, methods for new research, and known impacts for human physiology, disease and clinical outcomesDiscusses exercise and sports epigenetics in relation to metabolism, obesity, aging, immunity,  neurological diseases, concussion, sports doping, and many other topicsFeatures chapter contributions from international experts in the field
Advanced Approaches in Turbulence: Theory, Modeling, Simulation and Data Analysis for Turbulent Flows focuses on the updated theory, simulation and data analysis of turbulence dealing mainly with turbulence modeling instead of the physics of turbulence. Beginning with the basics of turbulence, the book discusses closure modeling, direct simulation, large eddy simulation and hybrid simulation. The book also covers the entire spectrum of turbulence models for both single-phase and multi-phase flows, as well as turbulence in compressible flow. Turbulence modeling is very extensive and continuously updated with new achievements and improvements of the models. Modern advances in computer speed offer the potential for elaborate numerical analysis of turbulent fluid flow while advances in instrumentation are creating large amounts of data. This book covers these topics in great detail. Covers the fundamentals of turbulence updated with recent developments Focuses on hybrid methods such as DES and wall-modeled LES Gives an updated treatment of numerical simulation and data analysis
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