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The well being of the humans including animals depend upon very much on how the soil productivity is maintained without ecosystems degradation. Most likely soil can efficiently sustain humanity with food, fibre, feed to animals and clean environmental maintenance only when it is considered and managed from the holistic and ecosystem points of view. Plants need at least 16 essential elements for their normal growth and to complete their life. The soil testing provides the status of the nutrients determined in the laboratory for the application of appropriate rate of fertilizers to eliminate the nutrients limiting for production. The soil testing along with plant analysis gives the true status of plant nutrients affected by soil properties to take the proper care for the plant growth. Our available water resources are diminishing and getting polluted with excess use of fertilizers and pesticides which are ultimately affecting the environment, food produced and water quality. The purpose of this book 'Soil Testing and Analysis' is (i) to provide the vital plant nutrients functions for which soil testing is to be made; (ii) to determine the nutrient status of the soil with appropriate methods, measurements and criteria for interpreting those assessments; (iii) to analyze the appropriate parts of the plant samples for nutrient elements with available methods of analysis; (iv) to analyze the important water quality parameters with interpretations; and (v) to prepare the soil, plant and water samples for the analysis of pesticide residues with the different available methods. This is a comprehensive presentation of useful information for the scientific and technical personals involved in such types of analysis.

The feeding management plays an important role in sustaining higher milk production in high producing dairy animals and especially nutrition during transition period of dairy animals during 3 weeks prior and 3 weeks after parturition is critically important to health, production and profitability of dairy. Nutrition and management of cows during the transition period has received tremendous interest in recent years in developed countries but relatively less attention is being paid in the developing countries like India. With understanding of role of energy and protein nutrition in managing the transition period some technologies like protected fat and protein alone or in combination has been practiced by few dairy farmers but many are still ignorant about it. The experimental results obtained with the use of these technologies have been discussed in greater depth in this book with emphasis on its profitable effect on early lactation performance and post partum reproduction. The role of energy nutrients as by pass fat and protein as by pass protein in isolation and in combination has also been discussed in the light of regaining the positive energy balance state after the parturition and its association with increased milk yield and improved post partum reproduction

The present volume II concentrates on Food with relevance to Agriculture and Humanity. This publication contains nine s, viz., namely, Introduction, Food Perception, Food Commonly Known, Food Sources, Food and Health, Food and Nutrition Policy, Regional and International Programmes on Food and Nutrition Security, Challenges and Opportunities in Food Sector. This Volume contains 28 articles, by well known national and international authors, covering - . The authors from food and health sciences (physician, dietician, patient), agriculture sciences (cereal crops, horticulture, livestock, fisheries), economics, policy and development with national and international experiences have expressed their views on one subject - Food.

Dairying is an integral part of the diverse system of agriculture that prevails in India and therefore, plays a vital role in agricultural economy and food production of the country. It provides essential food value in the form of milk and milk products to the millions of the country's inhabitants. Dairying is the major source of income for the rural masses, as about 70% of the population comprises of small, marginal and landless farmers who benefit directly from dairying activities. India has about 15% of the global cattle population, 56% of the world's buffalo population and accounts for 15-16% of the word's annual milk production. The growth in milk production is about 4%. India stands tall among the milk producing countries with an annual production of about 120 million metric tons, though the organized sector handles only about 30% of the total milk produced. The authors with their strengths of academics and research in the discipline of dairy technology have been involved in developing manpower for the dairy industry and imparting training at an institute of national repute. This book is the result of their strong feeling of the need to compile information and integrate traditional and novel technologies that exist worldwide in the processing of liquid milk. The book has been organized in various s that include the history of dairy development in India, procurement and consumption pattern of milk, processing, quality assurance and packaging of fluid milk products and food safety laws. The authors hope that this work will serve the students of dairy technology in the country and also provide a ready reference to the teachers involved in shaping the human resource needs of the Indian dairy industry

The book is up-to-date and informative, publication, covering all vital aspects on rejuvenation technology in perennial fruit trees. The book is full-fledged and uated publication on rejuvenation technology. By going through the book one can adopt this technology in all high-value fruit crops of woody perennial nature of tropical and subtropical groups. The concept of rejuvenation, present trend and constraints, its need, adoption level and successful implementation with proper package of cultural practices and management strategies, have been discussed in details in the book. All efforts have been made to increase production, productivity and profitability of fruit crops at a sustainable basis. The requisite information and need-based requirements have also been brought within purview in addition to critical perspective that foster a better understanding of its R&D issues.

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This book was incorporated with general information about weeds with need based data on losses caused by weeds in agriculture and allied fields which include livestock, horticulture crops etc. and also national level loss in terms of reduction in food grain production in Indian economy. As management of weeds being a core area in crop production, it was dealt in detail on weed biology, weed ecology and also weed survey including sampling techniques. This was followed by various weed control methods specific to crops belonging to agriculture and horticulture. Of the weed management practices, integrated weed management was also discussed as well highlighting important crops grown in India as to follow the same by the farmers and extension workers for recommendation to the needy people. This book also comprises of herbicide history and its classification and characteristics with suitable examples. In addition, mode of action of herbicides, herbicide mixture, combinations, rotations, and their interaction were also given as separate chapter. In the recent decade, development of herbicide resistant crops are getting momentum world over, considering its potentiality, information on the same was also given in detail with suitable findings. Weed shift and its management and economic analysis of weed management were another chapters included in this book.

Green is the colour of the nature. When we Go Green we use only green house products that are healthy for the environment and include no toxins, recycle to help save and fills, and do everything possible to live healthy and reduce the impact on our earth. By living green and going green can reduce any negative impact on the planet in all possible ways. Many green products are packaged in recycled packaging, are biodegradable, and contain no phosphates, chlorine, artificial fragrances, or artificial colouThe main goal of green cleaning is to use eco-friendly cleaning solutions, recycle, using organic when possible, and promote methods that keep our environment healthy. This valuable publication entitled 'Technologies for Sustainable Green Environment and I sure, this will be incredibly handy for the scientists, teachers, students and everyone in the dwelling motherland.

The various aspects of fruit cultivation mainly covered are nutritive and cultural significance; origin, history, and distribution; taxonomical and botanical description; climatic and soil adaptability; propagation technology and rootstocks; plant and fruit physiology; recommended and popular cultivars; planning and planting; soil cultural practices technology - water need, nutritional need, weed control, inter culture; plant cultural practices technology - training and pruning, fruit thinning, fruit quality improvement, use of plant growth regulators; special problems; harvesting and production of fruits; post-harvest fruit technology; insect-pests and diseases management; marketing and export potential. Section-1 covers 5 leading tropical fruits of the country. Similarly, Section- 2 and Section- 3 each covers 2 tropical fruits in order of their importance. Scientists working in different Universities/Institutions and Research Stations have contributed chapter on fruit crops in their respective areas of specialization. The book will be highly beneficial to the graduate and post-graduate students in Fruit Science, fruit growers, scientists and extension workers.

Soil Science is an important and basic science in agriculture which deals with different domains of soil research namely, soil formation, genesis and classification, soil physics, soil chemistry, soil fertility and plant nutrition, soil biology, etc. Characterization as well as our understanding of soils requires that they are precisely analysed and described. While the physical properties of soils determine their adaptability to cultivation, chemical properties tells about their chemical environment and nutrient status to the crop production - the most important use of soils on this densely populated planet. Determination of different soil physical and chemical properties in the field or in the laboratory following suitable analytical methods is first step towards appropriate soil managements and scientific recommendations for increasing crop production.

The present book is an attempt to bring all theories of geography in one book for easy reading of teachers and students. Many divisions in geography has many theories. Readers should take effort to collect the theories from all books. All divisions has certain theories. There are so many theories in physical geography as well as human geography. A simple idea makes it convenient to read the theories in one book. First, we selected the certain theories as follows: Theory of continental drift, The theory of Isostasy, Von Thunens location theory, Crop combination method, The central place theory, Internal structure of city, The rank size rule, The social area analysis method, Losch's theory of economics of location, Walter Isard's theory, Alfred Weber's theory of least cost location, Demographic transition theory, Malthusian Theory of population- Criticism and applicability and Growth pole theory. Like this, there are 14 theories collected and compiled in this book as first volume. The theories collected from both physical geography and human geography. These theories are very important for those who are preparing for UPSC, should go through the theories.

This book draws on world-wide experiences and valuable lessons to highlight community-ecosystem interactions and the role of traditional knowledge in sustaining biocultural resources through community-based adaptations. The book targets different iences including researchers working on human-environment interactions and climate adaptation practices, biodiversity conservators, non-government organizations and policy makers involved in revitalizing traditional foods and community-based conservation and adaptation in diverse ecosystems. This volume is also a source book for educators advocating for and collaborating with indigenous and local peoples to promote location-specific adaptations to overcome the impacts of multiple biotic and abiotic stresses.

Soil, plant and water tests are the scientific way to ascertaining the soil health water quality for irrigation and balance nutrition to the crop. The vegetables being short duration and high photosynthetic efficient crop needs nutrient supply at very high rate as compared to other field crops. Soil and plant tests for this crop needs special care in deciding critical ranges/stages and balanced fertilizations. Manual on soil, plant and water analysis and nutrient management in vegetables crop including development of methods, calibration and interpretation of results of soil, plant and water tests has been compiled in this book for ready use by vegetables growers/workers.

India has achieved self sufficiency in food grain production in recent years with record production of 250 mt during 2011-12. However, the pulses production remained low and considered to be the major concern for researchers and development planners. Considering the much more importance in near future and to avoid pulses crisis situation, the present attempt was made to compile the available scientific information, so as to highlight the issues, technologies and strategies in the title of "Solving Pulses Crisis" in India. The publication is divided into two parts. The first part deals national issues, technologies and strategies while the second part deals with crop based issue and technologies. The first part consists of 13 s. The first three s deals with pulses related national issues, technologies and strategies including NEH region too. The IV deals with crop diversification involving pulses while V focused on pulses production under organic system. The issues related to legumes as a nutrient supplement in VI, tillage and crop establishment in VII water management in pulses in VIII and Integrated nutrient management in IX are discussed in detail. The aspects of weed and pest management are presented in X to XI, respectively. The specific issues related to post harvest, value addition are discussed in XII, while trade related policy issues are focused in XIII. In part second, the crop issues, strategies and technologies are presented. Accordingly, XIV deals with pigeonpea while in XV issues related to greengram and black gram are discussed. The XVI to XIX deals with chickpea, lentil, field pea and lathyrus while in XX the issues technologies and prospects of Guar are discussed. In last XXI the issues and technologies related to arid legumes (mothbean, cowpea and horsegram) with special reference to arid areas are discussed. Hopefully, the publication will prove to be a reference and a way forward for solving pulses crisis in India and achieving the targets matching with food production strategies in years to come.

Plant genetic resources comprising of reservoir of gene and gene complex are basic raw materials for genetic improvement of any crop including vegetables. The book entitled vegetable crops: Genetic Resources and improvement is a compilation of information generated through research work of many scientists in India and abroad from reputed institutes like, IIHR, IARI, GBUAT, TNAU, IIVR, CCSHAU, PAU, MPUAT, CSKKVV, BCKV etc., The book contains introductory on various aspects of collection, characterization, conservation and utilization of germplasm in genetic improvement of different vegetable crops highlighting the importance of genetic resource management and their achievement in India. Application of different biotechnological tools and techniques like, tissue culture, molecular markers and bioinformatics in conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources have been included. The issues related to biosafety regulations and IPR have also been discussed. Genetic improvement of different vegetable crops through utilization of genetic resources have been dealt in s covering all important vegetables including underutilized vegetables, seed spices and edible mushrooms. This book is very helpful to the teachers, scientists, students and personals involved in PGRE management, who wish to uate the knowledge on recent technological advances in genetic resource management and improvement of vegetable crops.

This book will be a potential addition to the scientific literature on recent advancements in agriculture, meat science technology, food safety, dairy technology, cereal science, nanotechnology, waste utilization and quality assurance of food and functional foods. Also, the content of book is designed systematically to include significant and scientific research and advancement for new product development and advanced knowledge on nutritional attributes of the dairy and cereal based products. This book will be an important reference material for students, researchers and academicians dealing with different aspects of foods.

This book consists of two parts -soil fertility and nutrient management as applied to agriculture and horticulture. The first part consists of the plant nutrients- principles of their role in nutrition of horticultural crops and behavior in soil with reference to their availability. Problems of soil solution-reaction and salt content- are discussed. All the soil properties excluding two products of weathering-soil texture and depth- are subject to manipulation. These can be scientifically managed for profitable crop production avoiding pollution. The second part elucidates their management with the principles developed in the previous part profitably to sustain agricultural and horticultural production without harming the environment. The principles spread over 20 chapters are clearly elucidated in lucid manner with pictures, figures and tables for easy and comprehensive understanding. Further readings are suggested at the end of the book.

Tuber and root crops are the third important group of food crops after cereals and pulses, feeding about one fifth of the world population. With the burgeoning population coupled with limited land, water and other resources, the future beckons tuber and root crops in fulfilling the country's food requirements. These crops have higher biological efficiency and greater adoption with profound production potential per unit area per unit time. Tuber and root crops are well known from time immemorial as nature's energy bank and famine savior. This book is conceived to have an uated version on the tuber and root crops especially in the Indian context, including information on the history, biodiversity, geographical distribution, botany, neutraceutical and pharmaceutical values, new varieties, production technologies, IPM strategies, starches, post harvest technologies and value added products, bio-processing, biotechnology, ITK and future thrusts. Various aspects of cassava, sweet potato, elephant foot yam, taro, yams, coleus, yam bean and arrow root are elucidated in 17 s and appendices. This book will be of immense use to the policy makers, scientists, post graduate and under graduate students and officials concerned with tuber and root crops research, development and extension.

This book describes latest analytical procedures of key soil health indicators including physical, chemical and biological parameters. Most of the Soil Analysis manuals currently available, primarily deal with basic chemical and physical properties without giving emphasis on soil health assessment. However, literature shows indicator parameters such as soil carbon pools, soil aggregation behaviour, aggregate associated carbon content and biological activity are increasingly being used for monitoring the change in soil quality / soil health over a period of time. Analytical protocols in respect of these parameters are presently available in different research journals. This book compiles the procedures for the soil health indicator parameters including those being used of late for monitoring soil quality/soil health. This book is useful for researchers, post graduate students, academicians and policy makers in the fields of Soil Science, Agronomy, Natural Resource Management and Forestry.

The objectives of the book is to highlight the relevance of traditional medicine and way towards ethnopharmacology, to share research achievements and innovations in herbal science, to evaluate and review opportunities for advancing herbal drug research in the region, to provide a platform to map an agenda for the development of phytomedicine, to address issues concerning conservation of medicinal plants. The book has been compiled with 30 articles based on the original research work by eminent academicians and scientists of the country on different areas of phytomedicine. Recent trends and techniques involved from the search, documentation, processing, sustainable utilization and conservation of medicinal plants are the highlights of this book. It will provide a unique opportunity to boost up the knowledge in various aspects of medicinal plant research.

The students, teachers, and researchers often need a direct reference, which is complete on the subject for teaching undergraduate or postgraduate students. The book on quality Control for Value Addition in Food Processing consists of 12 s on Food processing industry, processing plant, processing plant hazards, quality characteristics, quality control and management, food standards and statutes, food safety assurance systems, additives in food processing enzymes in food processing, waste management in food industry, marketing and export management, practical methods for quality control along with glossary and annexures. The text in has been illustrated with tables, figures and plates for better understanding of the contents. The book s have been designed as per the ICAR syllabus for UG and PG students. At present, there is not book available which gives an orientation for quality control in food processing industry. The book will be highly beneficial to both UG and PG students undergoing courses in postharvest technology, food technology, food science and technology as well as for professionals related to quality management systems in food processing industry.

This book entitled "Seed Technology: Progress and Recent Advances" have been formulated to help the reader in acquiring the knowledge of Seed archaeology, Seed germination, Seed vigour testing, Seed certification and testing of genuineness of varieties through morphological, biochemical and molecular markers, advances in hybrid seed production, advances in plant pathology, advances in entomology, advances in seed enhancement techniques like, seed pelleting, seed coating, seed hardening, synthetic seed, etc. It also includes the area of applied science and covers the area of organic seed production, seed banks, seed legislation and law governing the seed production. The book would be also useful and instructive to students and researchers in the field of Seed Science and Technology in an efficient way.

According to Dr. Swaminathan evergreen revolution would be triggered by farming system that can help produce more than the available land, water and labour resources without ecological and social harm. The book tries to analyse different dimensions of small farm units, agro-economic scenario, small farm production systems, organic farming, perception of small farm operators, adoption of technology, extension approach and strategy focusing attention on coastal ecosystems. The book contains enough inputs for research and extension workers to look into small farms and their owners in view of changing scenario of our farming system. However, the book would serve as foundation to provide encouragement to the scientists and extension researchers to focus more on small farm units.

This book for Agriculture and Agricultural and Civil Engineers and will be very much helpful for the beginning students in irrigation. It is designed to guide its readers in: Basic knowledge of soil, water and plant, hydrologic and hydraulics to the state-of-the-art of irrigation system design and management. Presented the principles and concepts of farm irrigation in a simple manner to maximize the students learning, understanding and motivation. The method and order of presentation have been carefully developed and classroom tested to make this book a useful and effective teaching tool. The book is written covering syllabus of irrigation engineering which is taught in different State Agricultural Universities as well as in the department of Civil Engineering of different Engineering colleges. The book contains adequate solved problems, short and long type questions, tables, figures which will be immensely helpful to the students and design engineers. Several field experimental results have also been incorporated in the book at appropriate sections to make the book interesting for the readers.

The book is designed primarily for the students of agriculture as per the syllabus laid out by the 5th Dean's Committee and as accepted by the ICAR. The syllabus is being followed by all agricultural universities in India. The book will cater the need of the students about rainfed agriculture. The chapters of this book have been selected and arranged in such a manner as to lead the students through the entire gamut of rainfed agriculture both theory and practical. It is supported by suitable examples and diagrams. The broad chapters included in the book are: Rainfed agriculture: Introduction, types, characteristics, distribution and importance; History of rainfed agriculture & watershed in India; Problems and prospects of rainfed agriculture in India ; Soil and climatic conditions prevalent in rainfed areas; Drought: types, effect of water deficit on physio- morphological characteristics of the plants, Mechanism of crop adaptation under moisture deficit condition; Water harvesting: importance, its techniques, Efficient utilization of water through soil and crop management practices, Study of mulches and antitranspirants; Management of crops in rainfed areas; Contingent crop planning for aberrant weather conditions; Concept, objective, principles and components of watershed management, factors affecting watershed management; Integrated watershed development. The need for comprehensive information on rainfed farming relevant to undergraduate and postgraduate students of agriculture has been felt for quite some time. The advanced, diverse and need-based topics have been together for a systematic and comprehensive reading by the students and faculty in agriculture. The materials on subject matter is set forth in such a manner and order as to enable them to better understand and follow to a reasonable degree of uniformity and their approach to the problems of rainfed agriculture.

The book provides the general background about production aspects of rabbit rearing. The information provided in the book has been based on the rearing practices adopted for rabbits in India. Keeping in view the relevance of rabbit production, specific topics have been chosen about the rabbits. The information provided in the book is based on the vast professional experiences, research findings and latest data from unmatched sources. The book has been written in a manner so that it could be used extensively by the students, teachers and academics in the educational and research institutes dealing with Veterinary Sciences, Animal Sciences and Livestock Production. The field functionaries in the Animal Husbandry Department and livestock farms both in public as well as private sector will find book very useful tool for successful rabbit production. The following s have been included in the book.

Increase in the population has led to rapid industrialization, thus leading to pollution at all levels. With industries of various types discharging their all types of effluents in various sources of water, a constant need has been felt for recycling of these effluents, before discharging them in to these sources. The book makes an attempt to equip it's readers with each and every aspect of recycling of industrial effluents. The entire book provides adequate information from the very basics to various types of recycling techniques.

Arid and semi-arid areas are now facing a threefold holistic crisis: economic, food, and climate. What has emerged from these crises is the vital importance of inter-linkages among them on the one hand, and the missed opportunities in putting these pieces together on the other. This book has tried to explore these challenges though in-depth discussions of the individual. It is anticipated to inspire a forward looking debate that looks at the lessons from the past and points to actions for the future. Expertise views have been shared scientists and persons of eminence on the national and state level challenges with futuristic remedial approaches.