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Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is the most common type of true aneurysm and have a high incidence to rupture. The introduction of endovascular grafting was a milestone in the treatment of patients with AAA as it provided a treatment option for those patients with large aneurysms with inoperable conditions because of the presence of significant medical co-morbidities. By this innovation, an early benefit in quality of life can be achieved, as it relates to reducing hospital stay and recovery period in comparison with open surgery. In our study, we enrolled 20 patients to describe initial and midterm results of Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) in patients with infra-renal abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.

Cet ouvrage traite la problématique de l'économie non officielle en Algérie .Il tend à la compréhension de fonctionnement de cette économie, à cerner ses effets positifs et négatifs sur le plan économique et social, tout en s¿interrogeant sur ses raisons d¿être et les mécanismes susceptibles de contribuer à son expansion: le choix économique, ou la contrainte faute d¿autres alternatives. Pour cela, nous avons réalisé une enquête auprès d¿un échantillon représentatif de la population totale; 343 ménages soit près de 843 actifs dans la wilaya de Tizi-Ouzou(Algérie). Les résultats obtenus par l¿analyse de la satisfaction montrent que dans une Wilaya où presque la moitié des occupés sont informels (46.16 %) et où le taux de chômage avoisine les 14 %, l¿économie informelle est considérée comme un mal nécessaire.

The book majorly deals with two state-of-the-art problems in the field of molecular electronics. The first problem is the mediation of excessive heat generated in the electronic chip due to the moving charges. The second issue is the production of pure graphene suitable for electronic applications. The suggested partial solution to the first problem is by functionalization, where graphene sheets are functionalized with specific molecules to increase its heat dissipation. In the meanwhile, the second case includes treating silicon carbide with hydrogen to generate highly pure graphene sheets. Both cases are mainly dealt with from the theoretical point of view but also support by experimental results.

The sense of smell allows organisms to detect a large number of volatile substances in the environment. Olfaction is an essential sense for the survival of any organism, especially to determine the edibility of the food or to detect potential dangers. This sense also plays a major role in the social behavior of many species, such as partner choice or group recognition. In humans, olfaction is involved in the acceptability of food as well as in the recognition of the environment. The aroma characteristics of molecules can evaluate by computational methods for its great advantages. The quantitative structure activity/propriety relationship QSAR/QSPR models are theoretical methods used to investigate the relations between chemical structure (molecular descriptors) of a set of compounds and their biological activity or chemical property. Therefore, these methods make it possible to evaluate, interpret and predict the aroma characteristic of volatile compounds considered as bioactive molecules able to activate biological targets (olfactory receptors).

Cette recherche a été préparée au département de génie Electrique-Energétique-Automatique de l¿Ecole Nationale des Sciences Agro-Industrielles ( ENSAI ) de l¿Université de Ngaoundéré au sein du Laboratoire Energie Signal Imagerie et Automatique ( LESIA http://lesia-cameroun.org ) en partenariat avec le Laboratoire de Biophysique, Biochimie Alimentaire et Nutrition (LBBAN) de l¿Université de Ngaoundéré.

The chemistry of chalcones has generated intensive scientific studies throughout the world. Especially interest has been focused on the synthesis and biodynamic activities of chalcones. The name ¿Chalcones¿ was given by Kostanecki and Tambor1. These compounds are also known as benzalacetophenone or benzylidene acetophenone. In chalcones, two aromatic rings are linked by an aliphatic three carbon chain. Chalcone bears a very good synthon so that variety of novel heterocycles with good pharmaceutical profile can be designed.

Multinodular goiter is a common disorder of the thyroid gland, whenever surgery is indicated for a simple multinodular goiter; the current trend usually is to do total thyroidectomy that leads the patient to take a lifelong hormone replacement therapy, a daily dependence on it and regular visits to hospital to check hormone levels are burdensome. Other problems that may interfere with reaching a euthyroid status using replacement therapy are malabsorption and noncompliance of patients Thyroid autotransplantation is to leave thyroid tissue in the body that might be able to avoid or reduce severity of post-thyroidectomy hypothyroidism in noncompliant patients and if recurrence occurs it would not be in the neck, thus avoiding compression on the trachea and avoiding dangerous reoperation in the neck In this study we are trying to assess survival and function of autotransplanted thyroid tissue after total thyroidectomy in patients with multinodular goiter, and relation between amount of grafted thyroid tissue and duration after which patient get euthyroid status, as alternative method to avoid replacement therapy.

Ce livre s¿adresse à tous les étudiants en 1ère année d¿études supérieures scientifiques (Classes préparatoires et 1er cycle universitaire; ST, SM, MI). Il est composé de quatre chapitres sous forme de séries. Nous avons introduit les parties « faire le point », « application directe du cours » et « ce qüil faut retenir des exemples » au début de chaque série. À la suite de l¿énoncé des exercices, il existe une partie sous forme de « conseils », se présenter ainsi : ¿ soit une idée de résolution est proposée; ¿ soit une question est posée pour la mise en évidence d¿un phénomène; ¿ soit un théorème est énoncé,¿. ¿ Pour certains exercices nous mettons le lecteur en garde contre leur difficulté. Nous souhaitons que cet ouvrage puisse aider de manière efficace une majorité d¿étudiants.

Objective: The objective of our study was to evaluate how to categorize breast lesions detected at contrast-enhanced breast MRI in accordance with the imaging findings and the indication for MRI. Subjects and methods: This study included 50 patients, their ages ranged from 18- 70 years. MRI examination included conventional sequences and dynamic series. Morphological features and dynamic parameters were recorded with classification of the findings according to BI-RADS. The findings of each modality were correlated with histopathological results. Results: BIRADS 2, 3 were considered as benign lesions and BIRADS 4, 5 were considered as malignant. There were 17 benign lesions (34 %) and 33 malignant lesions (66 %). DCE-MRI proved to have sensitivity of 100 %, specificity of 70.6 %, PPV of 86.8 %, NPV of 100 % and accuracy of 90.0 %. Conclusion: Our study results indicate that DCE-MRI has high sensitivity and moderate specificity in differentiation between benign and malignant breast lesions.

The present study was carried out on 215 women, who were suffering from the signs and symptoms of vaginitis. They attended Tikrit Teaching Hospital and private clinic in Tikrit city during the period from 1st of February 2013 to the end of January 2014, their age ranged between 15-49 years. Sixty five healthy persons were included in this study as a control group. Specimen included in present study was high vaginal swab. Identification of bacteria and yeast isolates were done by using wet mount preparation, Gram staining, cultural technique, biochemical tests, Api system and polymerase chain reaction technique. One hundred 46.5% patients were with yeast vaginitis from 215 patients, 18 (8.37%) patients were with bacterial vaginosis (BV) associated Gardnerella vaginalis and 84 (39.0%) patients were with aerobic vaginitis (AV), statistical differences were significant (p < 0.05).

Biométrie résiliables peuvent être une bonne approche pour répondre aux préoccupations de sécurité et de confidentialité sur l'authentification biométrique. Elle utilise des transformations paramétrées pour convertir un modèle biométrique original dans une nouvelle version pour l'authentification. La sécurité de la biométrie résiliable se cache dans la non-invertibilité du modèle transformé, de sorte que le modèle d'origine ne peut pas être récupéré. Une façon d'atteindre cette caractéristique est par l'utilisation d¿une fonction de transformation plusieurs-à-un. Dans ce travail on a analysé l¿algorithme de sécurisation de modèle d¿empreinte digitale proposé par Chouaib et al. (2014) basé sur la conversion des données biométriques en représentation de coque (shell). Cet algorithme présente plusieurs failles de sécurité, on a décrit un algorithme d¿attaque permettant de récupérer les données originales à partir de modèles protégés par l¿algorithme de coque. Cela se traduit par la récupération possible de minuties d'origine à partir d¿un modèle transformé.

Depuis plusieurs années beaucoup de travaux de recherche considérables sont menés pour analyser et perfectionner la détection radar. Cependant, la difficulté qui se pose est de trouver un algorithme de traitement qui s'adapte à une variété d'environnements. Un concept important qui est en liaison avec les propriétés géométriques d¿un objet est la géométrie fractale. Cette géométrie, qui décrit bien les objets complexes et irréguliers avec son paramètre important "la dimension fractale", a été utilisée dans la détection radar. Dans le cadre de notre thèse, nous avons proposé un nouveau détecteur radar basé sur l'utilisation de la dimension fractale, estimée par la méthode de comptage des boîtes, et adaptée à plusieurs types de clutter de mer et de terre. Le processus de formation d'une image SAR s¿effectue à partir de données brutes. De multiples d¿algorithmes ont été développés. Dans ce travail, nous avons utilisé trois algorithmes; l¿algorithme à filtrage adapté (Matched Filter Algorithm MFA), l'algorithme de rétroprojection (Back Projection Algorithm BPA) et l¿algorithme de format polaire (Polar Format Algorithm PFA) pour former des images SAR expérimentales.

The study focused on the diagnosis of gastropods and pelecypods classes species, mostly in the planktonic larvae stage, to be used as evidence of marine transgression of mid-Holocene in Southern Iraq. Three biofacies were identified depending on microfossils (planktonic larvae) primarily as well as the nature of sediments. They were defined as Biofacies1 (B1), Biofacies2 (B2) and Biofacies3 (B3). Three biofacies were identified depending on microfossils (planktonic larvae) primarily as well as the nature of sediments. They were defined as Biofacies1 (B1), Biofacies2 (B2) and Biofacies3 (B3). where Biofacies1 (B1) can be placed within the marine transgression unit that occurred in middle of the Holocene, While Biofacis2 (B2) can be considered within the marine regression unit, which is approximately 4000 Yr BP, and the Biofacies3 (B3) may indicate that the occurrence of fluctuation in the sea level at the end of Holocene.

Web applications play a very important role in many domains and have become the main part to offer user services all over the world, from security issue point of view web applications vulnerability is considered easy. The types of web attack continues to appear and add their impacts on web application security. Structured Query Language Injection (SQLI) and Cross Side Script (XSS) are one type of these attacks that cause extremely high risk for web application.

« L'image du handicapé dans Les jours de Taha Hussein et Le Cri de la mouette d'Emmanuelle Laborit: étude comparée.» est le thème principal de cet ouvrage. Le corpus choisi renferme la trilogie arabe de Taha Hussein intitulé: Les jours (''Le Livre des jours'' et ''La traversée intérieure''). De côté français, Le Cri de la mouette d'Emmanuelle Laborit. Les approches suivies sont l'approche sociocritique, psychologique, autobiographique, thématique et narratologique. L'investigation principale est de déchiffrer les deux autobiographies en vue d'analyser la configuration et la représentation des personnes en situation de handicap dans la littérature, leur attitude envers leur entourage, leur relation à la société, les problèmes sociaux et les obstacles qui entravent leur succès et leurs réactions en face de tous ces obstacles. La cécité et la surdité sont bien analysées comme deux handicaps à travers l'aveugle Taha Hussein et la sourde Emmanuelle Laborit. Leur démarche est extraordinaire et un exemple à suivre en ce qui concerne le succès, le défi, la célébrité et la conscience qu'ils ont voulue répandre non seulement aux handicapés, mais aussi aux personnes naturelles.

This book contains an explanation of the components of textile printing paste, such as natural thickening agents and its rheological properties, natural and reactive dyes, mordants and its classifications. Styles and methods of textile printing as block printing, roller printing, screen printing, transfer printing. Natural fabrics such as cotton, wool, silk and its chemical structure. Environmental parameters.

Cette etude d¿Habilitation universitaire relate nos activités de recherche scientifique consacrées à l¿étude des leishmanioses au Maroc. Nos axes de recherche correspondent aux différents maillons de la chaîne de transmission des leishmanioses. Ainsi, nous avons discuté nos résultats concernant les phlébotomes vecteurs, les mammifères réservoirs, les hôtes réceptifs, puis les risques de co-infection VIH-Leishmania au Maroc. Ce travail constitue une capitalisation d¿une longue expérience au sein de l¿équipe du Laboratoire de l¿Ecologie et Environnement (L2E), Université Cadi Ayyad, en matière de recherche, fondamentale et appliquée, dans le domaine de l¿Epidémiologie des leishmanioses. Un chapitre est consacré au Programme National de lutte contre les leishmanioses au Maroc, à la suite de quoi, nous concluons par des recommandations et des suggestions avec l¿objectif de contribuer à la lutte contre ces parasitoses au Maroc.

La mondialisation de nos sociétés au XXIème siècle a bouleversée nos modes de vie traditionnels, la culture et l¿identité de la région de Kabylie en Algérie s¿est vue dépassée, oubliée par les jeunes d¿aujourd¿hui qui ne se reconnaissent plus à leurs ancêtres, leur langue maternelle n¿est plus parlée et discutée dans les foyers autours d¿une table, en famille, elle est remplacée par la langue française héritée du colonialisme. Le paysage même de la Kabylie a changé, laissant place aux bâtiments et aux villas, disant adieu aux maisons et à l¿agriculture d¿antan, la collecte des olives ne se faisant plus. Ce qui nous intéresse dans cette réflexion c¿est l¿identité berbère qui s¿est vu oubliée à cause d¿un brassage culturel, car, au rendez-vous du donner et du recevoir culturel, les choses semblent ne plus marcher comme elles se doivent. Le choc culturel, ce « sentiment de profonde désorientation qu'éprouvent les personnes et les groupes mis soudainement en contact avec un milieu culturel dont les traits se révèlent inconnus, incompréhensibles, menaçants » , a provoqué dans nos sociétés modernes des grandes mutations.

Diabetes mellitus is becoming a worldwide epidemic. Epidemiologists estimate that by 2025 diabetes will affect 300 million people, with about half of them from the Asia Oceania region alone. During this time, there will be three-fold increase of this disease in Asia, both in developed countries like China and India, and in the rapidly developing countries, such as Malaysia and Singapore. In the last two decades, Malaysia has undergone rapid growth, registering an improved quality of life, a reduced mortality rate, and an increased median age. Unfortunately, this great progress also makes Malaysia highly prone to the diabetes epidemic. The ratio of the diabetic patients who can achieve the target glycaemic control is varied from one population to another. This depends on many factors; the treatment and the patients compliance to the treatment are part of these factors.

We live in an era characterized by attitudes and behaviors' fluctuations. Indeed, nowadays consumers don't necessarily go to stores to buy something clearly defined. But, they go to explore, look, compare, hang out...The influence of environmental characteristics on individuals' behavior has long been exploited by architects, retailers, and interior designers. Over the years, it has become clear that environmental variables can significantly influence consumer behavior and emotions. The atmosphere on a retail space is composed of different elements that are often called "store atmospherics" such as music, scent, and colors on which the retailer should act to impact the consumers' behavior. This book focuses on environmental psychology for the explanation and interpretation of store atmospherics and its impact on consumer behavior. With a collection of empirical studies that summarizes all previous research on the influence of colors, music, and crowding on consumer behavior within stores, the book highlights the methodological challenges inherent in this field of research.

A large number of cultural practices and environmental conditions affect bulbing, flowering and seed development in onion. The main factors affecting seed yields are high temperature and water stress during pollination and seed development. The quality of seed is not good enough and most of the times there have been problems related to germination capacity of the seeds and true to typeness. The problem is further exacerbated by the short shelf life of onion seed (one year under favorable condition). This book is largely based upon investigations by the researchers and reviews onion work on the effects of temperature and photoperiod, soil conditions, seedling size, bulb size, set size, plant density, plant nutrition, water supply, plant hormones, weed infestation, pollination, and genes responses that affect bulbing and flowering to provide the readers with an applied field-based perspective (older research) with some of the newer research that has been done. The present work is designed for the use of investigators and producers as well as to meet the needs of students.

Panegyrics on the Holy Prophet (PBUH) occupy a significant place in the realm of Islamic literature and in the loyalty to the Holy Prophet (PBUH). Each and every Muslim is expected to cultivate the most ardent love and the highest respect for the Leader of Islam of the two worlds. During the time of the Holy Prophet (PBUH),Panegyrics and odes were recited in his gracious presence, and the Holy Prophet (PBUH) appreciated and encouraged. Spiritual attraction towards Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) has been a key inspiration for producing countless qualified literary works in all languages throughout ages. Literature extolling Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) has contributed to this genre called Panegyric (al-Madih al-Nabawi or al-Madaaih al-Nabawiyya) in a big way.Odes in praise of the Prophet Mohammed(PBUH) are distinct genre of Islamic poetry, which first emerged during his lifetime and have continued after his death in 632. Notable Muslim poets who composed such works during his life include Ka'b ibn Malik, Käb ibn Zuhayr, al-Nabigha al-Jädi, and Abd Allah ibn Rawahah. After the Prophet¿s death, many poets and scholars such as al-Busiri, Shawqi, and others continued to compose panegyric poems.