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This study is important for individuals to investigate the actions that entrepreneurs take to facilitate successful business results that meet its goals and objectives. This research identifies the importance of leadership skills on the effectiveness of business and society overall. The purpose of this study is to describe the actions effective leaders take to articulate a successful vision, establish an industry through financial support, understand different cultures, deal with global industries, and make employees more efficient. The research questions addressed in this study are focused on issues that entrepreneurs face while building an organization and the implications of the actions and decisions of leaders in entrepreneurial companies. Data were gathered through interviews with successful entrepreneurial leaders. The outcome of the study showed that there were several ways to build and improve a business and help entrepreneurs to obtain financial support through many resource.

According to previous studies, patient safety was not on the medical profession's priority list when it pertained to preventing medical errors; although no exact number was proven. In addition, reluctance to report mistakes and/or inaccuracies in medical record errors continued to increase (Allen, & Pierce, 2016). This was causing great concerns for the medical profession, primarily, due to areas where moral concerns and ethics were questionable; therefore, one might ask how massive the errors were. According to research from 2016 data verified diagnostic errors accounted for 17% of preventable errors for those patients hospitalized; approximately 9% of patients experience major undetected diagnostic errors while they were alive. In addition, per a Harvard Medical Practice study thousands of patients hospitalized died every year, because of diagnostic errors and physician- patient communication (Dass-Brailsford, deMendoza, Giller, Green, Power, Saunders. Schelbert, & Wisson, 2016; Patient Safety Network, 2016).

Although personal hope is a concept that has received significant attention in research, little has been done to investigate the role of personal hope in career advancement. Organizational leaders are often unsuccessful in reaching, or being effective at, senior leadership levels. Concepts that differentiate organizational leaders are important to the field of organizational leadership. This study focused on the role of personal hope in helping leaders successfully advance in organizations. This study used a qualitative approach in interviewing 12 senior level leaders in the selected, global, for-profit organization. The 10 interview questions helped explore personal descriptions of the understanding and experience of hope, particularly its role in influencing the beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors of organizational leaders. The results of this study indicated that hope can be increased or decreased and is positively influenced by supportive contexts and relationships. Also, that it is a leadership responsibility to positively influence hope in organizational contexts through care, empathy, and shared vision and goals. Participants in this study attributed hope development to the experience of overcoming and learning from setbacks. Results also showed that hope positively influences realizing career goals or outcomes, but career advancement was not a main career goal provided by participants.

This research study evaluates the role of policy regarding the use of automation in flight on the safety of aviation in the United States. Specifically, following the investigation of several high-profile aircraft mishaps that identified misuse or overuse of automation at inappropriate times during flight, several best practices have developed among airline operators as to the acceptable use of flight automation. However, there has never been a coordinated governmental policy on the use of automated equipment, procedures, or communication promulgated by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the International Civil Aviation Organisation (CIAO), or industry work groups. While there has been considerable research among social scientists on the impact of human error and misunderstanding on automated systems, and while great progress has been made in the area of human factor consideration in designing air planes and the systems used to control them, there has been little research on the public policy aspect of these considerations. Even though the FAA has established a research group specifically dedicated to the impact of human factor considerations on flying (Chandra & Gray hem, 2012), there has been no subsequent discussion on the policy changes those results should dictate.

Between 1999 and 2015, critical incidents in schools such as the Columbine High School, Virginia Tech, Sandy Hook Elementary, Ump qua Community College, and Northern Arizona University are a reminder of the need for educating and training school leadership to be prepared to manage critical incidents in schools (Schuster, 2009). Genzer, Kerosene, and Schultz (2010), stated that through history, 71 identified critical incidents have contributed to the rise in the level of concern by school leadership to take action. The growing probability of a crisis happening in schools has prompted school leadership to develop a protocol to mitigate critical incidents (Baran & Adelman, 2010). The lack of training and knowledge to respond to crises are indicators of why school leadership, need to acquire an understanding of the dynamics of crisis response operations (Gupta & Boyd, 2008). Post-event assessments have indicated actions during critical incidents shows a lack of understanding of the school leaderships' role in taking the appropriate actions for these critical incidents.

The literature review has proven the percentage of projects that come short of meeting the expectations of stakeholders is significantly high. There is a gap in the literature on attributes that contribute to successful project outcomes, especially in the aerospace and defense industry. This study explores leadership skills in project managers and how the application of leadership skills contributed to successful project outcome. A qualitative multi-case study was conducted to explore leadership skills in project managers within the aerospace and defense industry. A semi-structured interview was conducted to understand the nature of the project that selected candidates participated in and how the usage of leadership skills resulted in successful project outcome.

Mobile marketing is a marketing technique which uses established systems that give businesses the ability to communicate directly with customers through smartphones or other mobile devices. Small businesses lack experience in developing and using mobile marketing strategies to increase sales. The fundamental idea of mobile marketing is to improve the business marketing performance to maximize profits. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore how five small business marketers successfully created and implemented mobile marketing strategies to increase brand awareness and sales. The research focused on successful, small, independent businesses that have successfully used mobile marketing. This study is motivated by two research questions.(1) How are successful mobile marketing strategies created to increase brand awareness and sales? (2) How is mobile marketing used in the small business marketing communication mix? Participants were the primary people in charge of creating and implementing mobile marketing strategies for the small businesses

The emerging versatile networking services has greatly improved daily life styles while making the current Internet environment increasingly hierarchical and complicated. With the advent of novel applications, e.g., video streaming, VoIP and etc., the global servicing policy demands network system rapid scaling and being compatible with stale-fashioned facilities.It imposes massive stress on its effective management. Human force-based administration-inevitably exposes of its serious low-efficiency defect due to the complexity raised by large scale distributed network systems. The distributed and paralleled architecture can easily disorder the informative records by concurrent executions and isolate one integrated functions separated parts.

Lately, the number of vehicles and the miles they are driven have increased at a faster pace [2]. Traffic congestion has been a big problem and is likely to climb further in the near future. In 2018 alone, 1.35 million people died due to road accidents [3]. So, an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has been a necessity to provide timely safety and other traffic information to the vehicles. With the rapid advancement in vehicular technologies, communication technologies, smart sensors, ML and others, it is believed that smart autonomous vehicles will solve the existing transportation problems. Major contributors to the transportation problems like congestion and accidents are human errors and ambiguity. IOV capable of sensing the environment and communicating with neighbouring vehicles and infrastructures to exchange every bit of required information for safe navigation, detecting hurdles, optimising routes and others on-the-fly, offers a true potential to realise ITS for effective traffic management and road safety [4]. ION has been an active area of research to envision as a solution to achieve an intelligent transport system (ITS) for the past few decades.

Over the decades, all across the world and across industries, important rooms have been built, stuffed full of equipment to provide essential controls to monitor and manage complex facilities. These rooms have been designated as "control rooms." The control room is a place where information is gathered and displayed; in some cases, automated systems perform control functions based on this information, and operators use the information and the controls to take additional control actions. For example, every airplane has a control room where the pilots sit and control the aircraft. NASA's control rooms are iconic, as captured in photographs of people gathered in large rooms, sitting at different computers, all wearing headsets, coordinating, and presumably watching a rocket launch. Independent System Operating organizations for large electric power grids have similar control rooms. Power plants, be they natural gas plants, solar plants, wind farms, or nuclear power plants, all have control rooms. Throughout time, these control rooms have been filled with different pieces of equipment and operated using unique protocols reflecting what needed to be accomplished to control the facility, whatever it may be. Additionally, these control rooms represent centralized locations where all controls and operations come together. Like many other segments of society, control rooms have evolved over the past several decades with technological advancements