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In a short space of time, Egypt has seen two revolutions, four presidents and three constitutions. This is the most important political transition in the country's modern history. Throughout this period, a struggle for power has raged between the three main players in this conflict, namely Mubarak and his regime, the Muslim Brotherhood with its Political Islam project, and the army with its aim of recovering lost power. The main aim of this work is to fill in the gaps in the analysis of civil-military relations in Egypt and the Arab world in general. The aim is to present an alternative formula, and to open a debate on this new critical vision.

The methodological approach was predominantly qualitative, involving direct observation and semi-structured interviews, with purposive and snowball sampling. The analytical model used was Herbert Blumer's symbolic interactionist model (1937). d¿gbe' children perceive illness as a dysfunction of the human body caused by a pathogenic agent, the source of which they are sometimes unaware. Key words:street children,d¿gbe children's health,Dant¿kpa market.

This book deals with the phenomenon of economic convergence in the UEMOA (West African Economic and Monetary Union). Indeed, this zone has made so much progress in terms of integration that it is now considered a model of success in this field. However, despite all the efforts made and results achieved in the field of integration, income disparities between the WAEMU economies remain very wide. For example, the two richest countries alone account for more than half of the Union's total GDP, and the income gap between these two richest countries and the two poorest has widened by more than 130% in less than 30 years. In such a context, is it possible to hope that one day the poorest countries will join the richest? That's the question this book seeks to answer.

The first part of the book deals with systematic classification and phylogeny, identifying all the existing species and groups of the genus Artemia. The second part is devoted to the biology of the species, describing its morphology with the help of illustrations, and its physiology, explaining the mechanisms of reproduction in the genus, its diet, respiratory system and osmotic regulation mechanisms. The last part covers the ecology of the species, defining its geographical distribution, differentiation and morphological identification, i.e. the possibility of identifying a population through a series of measurements of the body and appendages of a few individuals from this population reared under standard laboratory conditions. The morphometric parameters considered in these methods are the length of the abdomen, the length of the caudal fork and the number and insertion of setae in relation to size and sex. Finally, a description of practical techniques for the quality of cysts and nauplii is given, starting with the purification of cysts and the obtaining of nauplii.

Free legal assistance for litigants who are victims of sexual violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo is currently in disarray due to a lack of competent services to do so. This is explained by the interventions of NGOs to strengthen the State in its traditional missions of protecting people and their property as well as their access to justice in the event of abuse to obtain reparations.This work concerns itself with fundamental questions: "How do we determine the indigence of a litigant?" ; ¿What role is the Congolese State called upon to financially cover the actors¿; ¿Is the State able to fulfill this role?¿To achieve this, the author suggests using the information described in this work which is primarily of interest to public authorities, NGOs and the Bar. Then, they are of interest to the Lawyer - advisor intervening in Pro deo who is obliged to help destitute litigants who are victims of sexual violence to obtain compensation for any damage suffered.This is the best way for the poor to access the judge in cases of proven sexual violence.

Thinking about gesture immediately leads us to refer to a series of codes (theatrical, sporting or political, etc.) in which it fits. But it seems that these codes do not exhaust it: gesture goes beyond the expressions already expressed. In The Structure of Behaviour and The Phenomenology of Perception, Merleau-Ponty denounced the misunderstandings of the problem of bodily gesture conveyed by classical physical-mechanical and psychological interpretations. He also criticises modern philosophical analysis, which is based on a Cartesian tradition founded on the certainty of the cogito. Merleau-Ponty proposes an alternative point of view to the proposals of the Cartesian tradition and of psychology, and invites us to reflect on the fact that gesture can at least be linked to three dimensions: the body, language, and even, beyond that, the silence within which it originates to constitute a new expression.

The aim of these studies is to put Nietzsche's understanding of language into perspective by analysing the expression "Thus Spoke", taken from the title of his work "Thus Spoke Zarathustra", in order to bring to light the outlines of Nietzsche's writing of orality: how does Nietzsche use writing as a resonance point for oral discourse? Nietzsche's text is a sub-graph of Zarathustra's speech. A text of this kind calls on the reader by assigning him the posture of a listener. The reader is called upon to read Nietzsche's text by listening to Zarathustra (Ainsi parlait), to read with the ear and eye. Applied to philosophy in Africa, these remarks open up new avenues of research. They make it possible to bring into existence an African philosophy of orality, to bring to the visibility of the text rationalities based on orality, to attempt a philosophy of the oral tradition.

The environmental aspect is now a major issue in the world of construction. We need to preserve non-renewable resources and build environmentally-friendly structures. The use of agricultural waste, in this case palm nut shells, as aggregates in concrete is a good alternative. This study, which looks at the physical and mechanical properties of the composite, focuses on its durability, the influence of substituting conventional aggregates and the influence of the quality of the cement paste. To carry out this study, several formulations and tests were carried out on concrete, including measurements of consistency, density, porosity and compressive strength.

In the modern period, in developed countries of the world with continental and arid climatic conditions, research is being conducted to assess the hydrogeological conditions of groundwater in active water exchange zones and to monitor drinking and industrial water in the following priority scientific areas: basic patterns of distribution and dynamics of groundwater; establishment of convective migration of geochemical elements from depth, both in free form and together with groundwater; development of methods for modeling and analyzing changes in the ways of artificial formation of fresh groundwater reserves in the zone of active water exchange; determination of the nature and mechanism for the rational use of groundwater resources in arid areas.

Care is subdivided into technical care and relational care. My observation is that technical care predominates over the other types of care. The favourable impact of a balanced care relationship on the anxiety of a pre-operative patient in ambulatory surgery has shown me that relational care is just as important and omnipresent. This relational care must be a priority in the mind of every carer, especially when the patient is anxious and in a waiting situation. The success of the therapeutic alliance between carer and patient depends on the quality of the relationship between the two partners, the patient and the carer.

Throughout this work, we have first had to discuss the legal nature of State shares in a State-owned company. This State intervention is not a principle but an exception of public order, in article 4 of the uniform act relating to the law of commercial companies and economic interest groupings and regulations, and is not to be confused with State interventionism which tends towards the regulation of business and consumer protection. State interventionism and the semi-public company and the scope of Article 4. Secondly, we examined the basis for State non-intervention, analysing the scope of the principle of the unseizability of State assets; Then we set out an attempt to reform the principle with a view to guaranteeing the security of the other shareholders by advocating the effective participation of the State in a semi-public company. With regard to the funds constituting the State's shares in a company, it should be noted that they fall within the public domain of the State and are therefore managed by public law and may be governed by the principle of non-seizability.

This text examines the differentiated occupation of administrative posts within the African Union. It starts from the observation that not all states are represented in the same way, despite the principle of sovereign equality that governs international organisations. He explores the hypothesis that the optimal occupation of posts within the African Union can be explained by the military strength of the member states. In other words, the stronger a state is militarily, the more administrative posts its nationals occupy within the African Union. Using both a quantitative and qualitative approach, he demonstrates that military strength influences the appointment and election of officials to this institution. In the light of these results, he validates the realist axiom of international anarchy while celebrating the marriage between realist and constructivist theories often presented as antinomic. Indeed, his results show that if certain states are over-represented within the Union, it is because their military strength gives them the necessary respect and esteem.

This report highlights the impact of digital technology and new technologies on the law. Aware of the growing importance of these fields, it is important to be able to anticipate them so as not to be caught unprepared. The growth of legaltechs in the field of law and the various upheavals facing this area are leading us to rethink in depth our conception of the lawyer of tomorrow. The emergence of new technologies in the courts, the harvesting of personal data and the entry into force of the RGPD are all issues to which the law is trying to respond. The rapprochement between the justice system and the digital world has not yet led to the resetting of the legal process, but could the lawyer of tomorrow be a connected lawyer?

The use of foresight and the analysis of future scenarios are two very interesting and useful alternatives, which will be used as a technique and application model for the determination of possible future scenarios and how each of them will be faced, providing resources and establishing strategies to achieve stability in Ecuador.The future is not only the prolongation of the past and the projection of the present, but it is also presented as multiple and indeterminate for the possible scenarios that may occur in the future.Under these precepts, a study has been structured to determine the main factors that directly influence the creation of an alternative future for the country, based on the technique of "Construction of possible scenarios" that may occur in the future, with the premise of delivering a result close to the real one oriented to a similar or different ideology, determining the main actors and objectives.

Stress and burnout are issues at the heart of the nursing profession. Our aim in this dissertation was to show how the management of psychosocial risks in the workplace promotes the organizational involvement of nursing staff. To achieve this, we started from an interpretive paradox, using only the inductive qualitative method. We used an interview guide to gather information. This enabled us to arrive at the following results: psychosocial risk factors are present in public hospitals, and there is no effective prevention policy in place. As a result, we were able to formulate the main recommendations: management should focus on the ongoing training of nursing staff and the effective establishment of an occupational physician.

For decades, the Central African Republic has been mired in a cycle of military and political violence, with uncertain ways out of the crisis. The situation became particularly acute in 2012, when a coalition of rebels better known as the Seleka seized power. The revolutionaries' terrorising management of the Central African Republic provoked a strong reaction from the Antibalaka, forming a rebellion within a rebellion. The result was a massive displacement of the civilian population, hence the interest of this book.

The texts collected in this book are linked to the various issues facing the human subject. Despite their different epistemological centres, they respond to concerns that are both minor and fundamental. Minor, because they are experienced as perceptions of the Real. Fundamental, because they touch on the most sacred aspect of human life. These texts are free of the reactionary vision held by certain scientific agents.

How to save energy in our home? It is an enjoyable manual to review applied science and technology by exploring the different household appliances. It is aimed at everyone, as it is organized in four levels: for primary, secondary, tertiary and adult students.Through the learning of practical household cases, it seeks to awaken in the reader the critical spirit that characterizes the curious scientist in all of us.

The aim of this research is to present and analyse the impact of information asymmetries on the efficient operation of markets. This phenomenon is becoming a new variable that is calling into question the economic development of developing countries. First, we will highlight the problem of asymmetric information by studying the typology of its situations before addressing its impact on economic markets. The second part will be devoted to the microeconomic analysis of its economic and social consequences in order to overcome the difficulties generated by the beekeeping souk. Finally, we will develop an analytical model to determine the effects of informational asymmetry on consumer choice between the different qualities of honey offered by vendors.

Clinical psychologists can take up positions in the hospital civil service (particularly, but not exclusively, in psychiatric hospitals), or apply for jobs in the local civil service (child welfare, maternal and child protection) and the State (judicial youth protection, prisons). Hospitals are an ideal place for clinical psychologists to practise their profession. There are several main professional fields: health, education, training, recruitment, integration, and of course research, which is most often linked to teaching activities. Psychologists are also called upon to work in the legal field, as experts, and also take part in actions designed to help victims of accidents, attacks and various disasters (victimology). To work as a clinical psychologist, you need to enjoy being in contact with other people, have a marked liking for verbal exchanges and put empathy and benevolent neutrality at the heart of your professional approach by using psychological interviews.

Karakalpak Ustyurt, characterized by its peculiar geological and tectonic structure, geomorphology, the presence of very deep and drainless depressions, as well as diverse fauna, has attracted the attention of researchers since ancient times. Meanwhile, the data on geological, hydrogeological, geomorphological, soil and climatic conditions of the studied territory were obtained much later. Initial data on physical-geographical conditions and geological structure of the area were fragmentary and had a route-reconnaissance character. Nowadays outdated information about the Ustyurt Plateau has only historical significance. As it is known from historical data, the first land description of the Ustyurt Plateau territory was made in the second century by Claudius Ptolemy. And information about underground waters of the plateau was obtained much later. Until now we are still conducting research on the movement of underground waters and placement of minerals in the Ustyurt plain of the Republic of Karakalpakstan.

In the current international context, the question of the post-colonial situation of African countries raises a number of questions. There are concerns about the independent status of African countries vis-à-vis the former colonial powers, on the one hand, and other economically and militarily powerful countries, on the other. The influence of these countries still seems to weigh heavily on the management of African states. Such an attitude, which does not respect the norms of relations between sovereign states, is described as neo-colonialism. However, this neo-colonial attitude also seems to be adopted by the new African leaders who have succeeded the colonialists in power and prestige, perpetuating the work of their former masters. Apart from this aspect, the African continent still bears the scars of colonial alienation, and seems relegated to second place in a rapidly globalizing world. All this inspires African writers, who use the right words to help alleviate the continent's ills.

This work is partly the result of my internship experiences, especially in Supervised Internship II - Teaching Elementary School, and of the questions that arose throughout the Pedagogy course. Until the sixth term, the word internship was rarely mentioned by teachers of other subjects, and some students complained that at that point in the course, they hadn't yet had contact with the school. In fact, we all missed this closeness to school reality. Others even rejected any contact with the school, saying that they were graduating to work in a company. I remember being perplexed when a colleague said: "Imagine, if I'm going to spend four years doing a degree to teach little children"! In fact, for those who feel this way, doing internships I and II becomes a burden, an arduous task to fulfil and many look for different ways to get rid of this burden. In this sense, this book offers reflections on supervised internships in teacher training and how we can seek quality teacher training that is more committed to public schools.

Urban problems and their resolution have been one of the major challenges for planners and decision-makers over the last few decades. The increase in the number and size of cities and the deterioration of many urban environments have led architects, sociologists, anthropologists, economists, geographers and urban planners to turn their attention to the study of the city. This book sets out to make a major contribution to the field, presenting an interdisciplinary approach to the capitalist world. It focuses on the various contemporary socio-economic and environmental causes of the proliferation of shanty towns in Bangui. These causes are due to a low level of investment in rural areas and the inadequacy of urban planning and infrastructure, an imbalance in the land and social housing markets, the non-application of an urban planning master plan and the non-existence of a genuine property development system, the non-application of the cadastral plan, and the multiple failures of attempts to improve the housing problem, with these negative impacts on the way of life of the inhabitants in urban areas.

The study focuses on climate change impacts and local adaptation strategies in the rural community of Rusizi district, Rwanda. Using remote sensing methods, Landsat TM 4-5 satellite images from 2005 and 2015, taken from eartexplorer.usgs.govs, were processed, analyzed and classified using ARC GIS 10.3 software. The interview, pre-survey and survey were supported by a questionnaire addressed to a representative sample of 106 subjects. The results were encoded using EXCEL 2010 software. However, SWOT (or MOFF) was used for qualitative data processing, and statistical data was processed using R 2.15.1 to compare mean frequencies, XLSTAT 2016 to separate mean frequencies at the 5% significance level, and PAST 3.14 to perform logistic regression of impacts and adaptations to climate change...

This article reports and analyses personal and institutional experience in relation to the development of cultural diversity in the Amazon, reflecting participation in the Socio-Cultural Mapping Module of the Tô na Rede Project, which was developed by the Institute for Relational Politics (IPR), sponsored by the Global Libraries of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and supported by the National System of Public Libraries (SNBP) and the Pará Cultural Foundation (FCP). It deals with educational practice, awareness, valorisation and respect for the cultures of the Amazon. She concludes that this experience shows how much the population is unaware of the cultures, practices and knowledge that exist in the Amazon.

Finding a balance between the environment and the use of natural resources is the process that must be carried out in order to achieve sustainability. Therefore, any type of research that has the objective of being able to "satisfy the needs of current generations without compromising the resources and opportunities for the growth and development of future generations, is and will be of great importance". The research work carried out in the area of agricultural production is so important because the current and future challenges to produce are increasing, demanding higher production rates. In this context, the challenge for researchers lies in reducing as much as possible the problems we face every day. In order to curb the various problems existing in the agricultural field, the participation of specialists in the area is necessary, in order to take advantage of sustainable resources in a social and integral manner and to make the results obtained available to society as a whole. In addition to inculcating knowledge and directing undergraduate and master's degree students who are starting out in agricultural research, it is also necessary to promote the participation of specialists who are inclusive in the area.

There are several technological options to reduce GHG emissions: reduction of energy consumption, efficient use of energy (both in energy use and conversion), use of fuels with lower carbon content (such as natural gas versus coal), promotion of natural CO2 sinks (such as forests, soils or oceans), use of energy sources with low CO2 emission levels (such as renewable or nuclear energy) and CO2 Capture and Geological Storage (CCS). According to the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report, CO2 Capture and Storage would contribute between 15 and 55% to the global cumulative mitigation effort until 2100, thus presenting itself as a transition technology that will contribute to mitigating climate change.

Rape has a long history around the world. Victims are often misunderstood and stigmatised by society. Society's view of them predisposes them to withdraw into themselves and, more often than not, they stop returning to society. Their psychoaffective experiences are often accompanied by psychological traits that can lead them to self-destruction. Society, for its part, prevents them from returning to society at large. This is why, from a psychological perspective, practitioners must think through a therapeutic plan for holistic psychological care for both victims and the community. In short, the mental health of the community has been compromised and needs to be restored because the conflict caused by rape and its aftermath affects all the structures of the community.

Migration is a sociological and historical phenomenon as old as the history of mankind. In his book Les Noirs de la diaspora, historian Ibrahima Baba Kaké points out that "Man is a terribly traveller animal. He leaves his homeland regardless of the barriers that surround him" in order to meet his fellow human beings and discover other horizons, other ways of life. In this study of migration and immigration in the French-language African novel, we are particularly interested in the migratory movements of the second half of the last century, with the exception of a few novels, such as Bakary Diallo's Force Bonté published at the beginning of the century. The aim was to question these works in order to understand how migration and the immigration of the characters are described by the authors. This description first paints a more or less complete picture of the causes of the protagonists' mobility, and then looks at the consequences.