Böcker utgivna av Springer Nature Singapore

This book represents the latest research on urban forestry in a Malaysian context. It demonstrates that urban forestry is concerned not only with environmental enhancement, but also other aspects, such as recreation, health and well-being, and government policies. This edited collection provides a comprehensive overview of urban forestry studies from various researchers in Malaysia, and includes rich historical perspectives of urban forestry in the country. It also tackles related issues in policy. The greening of urban Malaysia in the 1970s focused primarily on beautification and was primarily the province of horticulturists, landscapers, nursery workers, town planners, and architects, with negligible inputs from foresters, particularly urban foresters. Perhaps for that reason, the term "e;landscaping"e; has been used more widely than "e;urban forestry"e; by government and private institutions, politicians, stakeholders, academicians, and the public. Nevertheless, the authors show that the concept of urban forestry is not new for developing countries such as Malaysia, where urbanization is increasing at a rapid rate. The book unpacks this demographic shift from a predominantly rural to a principally urban society. As the only unified body of work on urban forestry and arboricultural studies in Malaysia, this volume presents an important interdisciplinary reference for students, researchers, and scholars in physical geography, forestry and urban forestry, arboriculture and landscape architecture, both in Malaysia, and in other developing urbanizing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia. It is also an important resource for those working in environmental policy and practice, excavating the vital connection between the environment and well-being.

This book includes high-quality research papers presented at the First International Conference on Human-Centric Smart Computing (ICHCSC 2022), organized by the University of Engineering and Management, Jaipur, India, on 27-29 April 2022. The topics covered in the book are human-centric computing, hyper connectivity, and data science. The book presents innovative work by leading academics, researchers, and experts from industry.

Having been found in 3%-21% patients with congenital sensorineural deafness, cochlear nerve deficiency (CND) is defined by a small or absent cochlear nerve. This book describes the updated information on the embryology, pre- and post- operative auditory, electrophysiology and vestibular aspects of CND. What's more, the cochlear implantation (CI) strategy and CI outcomes as well as comparison with normal patients will be discussed in details with selected cases and high resolution illustrations. It will be a valuable reference for otologists, audiologists and practitioners who would like to understand more about CND and choose optimal clinical strategy of CI surgery for CND.

This book is first part of the 3 volume set focusing on basic and advanced methods for using microbiology as an entrepreneurial venture. This volume explains the entrepreneurship skills for production, cost-benefit analysis and marketing of bio-fertilizers, bio-pesticides, bio-insecticides, seaweed liquid biofertilizer, and phosphate solubilizers. Chapters cover the applications of microorganisms in small and large scale production to achieve a sustainable output. The book provides essential knowledge and working business protocols from all related disciplines in agribusiness, organic farming, and economic integration. This book is useful to graduate students, research scholars and postdoctoral fellows, and teachers who belong to different disciplines via Botany, Agriculture, Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Plant Pathology, and Horticulture. Next two volumes are focused on food and industrial microbiology.

This book introduces the approach of Machine Learning (ML) based predictive models in the design of composite materials to achieve the required properties for certain applications. ML can learn from existing experimental data obtained from very limited number of experiments and subsequently can be trained to find solutions of the complex non-linear, multi-dimensional functional relationships without any prior assumptions about their nature. In this case the ML models can learn from existing experimental data obtained from (1) composite design based on various properties of the matrix material and fillers/reinforcements (2) material processing during fabrication (3) property relationships. Modelling of these relationships using ML methods significantly reduce the experimental work involved in designing new composites, and therefore offer a new avenue for material design and properties. The book caters to students, academics and researchers who are interested in the field of material composite modelling and design.

This book offers a new interpretation of the evolution and modernization of social order in China's grass-roots communities. Traditionally, social order at the grass-roots level was maintained through an organic combination of self-rule by the people and authority rule by political leaders. As a hybrid form of social order, therefore, it not only has features of autonomy but also reflects the power of the state apparatus. Despite the modernization of the nation-state, the old rules sustaining social order at the grass-roots level are still very much in effect and have seamlessly integrated into the new social structure. Unless we fully appreciate this fundamental continuity, we would not be able to understand how social order at the grass-roots level today is upheld and functions. And the modernization of social order at the grass-roots level is most fruitfully studied from the perspectives of the construction of modern public social relations and the development of grass-roots systems of social autonomy.

Impact Assessment (IA) is introduced in this book, with a guide to the process, scope, content, and management of IA for the governments of developing economies. In doing so, evidence-based policy making is taken into full consideration.  After the principles of IA are set forth, its procedures are described,  illustrated by typical cases from the United States and Japan. Then an explanation follows of the components of IA such as necessity, alternatives, and assessment of cost and benefit, with a description of competition assessment. In developing economies,  it is not effective to simply import a system from developed countries directly into developing countries, especially for economic regulation and in consideration of compliance and competition issues. Thus the book provides recommendations on how to appropriately modify developed countries' systems for countries that are still developing. The book concludes by taking up several issues surrounding IA, especially nudge theory and public involvement.

This book is about the establishment of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, in 2016, one of the most important new developments in Indian commercial law. The law has major implications for firms, their creditors, and a variety of the professional services that feed into the decisions of borrowers and lenders including lawyers, accountants and valuers. A new profession of insolvency professionals has come to exist owing to the law. There are several questions about bankruptcy reform in the mind of researchers, policy makers and practitioners. How has the reform progressed? How has it reshaped the incentives of firms? What are the difficulties faced? What are the optimal paths for borrowers and lenders and their advisors under the rubric of the law? How should laws and institutions be modified? The book has a unique set of chapters, by key people who have shaped the field which offer novel insights into these questions.The book has been edited by key people who have worked on bankruptcy reform since 2010. Dr. Sahoo has been the chairperson of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India since the establishment of this regulatory agency. Dr. Thomas was a member of the Bankruptcy Law Reforms Committee which drafted the IBC, and led the internal team of the BLRC which drafted the law. The book is an authentic and credible analysis of the happenings in the Indian insolvency and bankruptcy ecosystem from the start, with interest areas for international and domestic, economics/finance and law, researcher and practitioner communities.

This book is a reflection on domestic intellectual property lawmaking from a developing country's perspective. It focuses on Sri Lanka-a South Asian jurisdiction with a socio-economic, cultural, and political landscape similar to other developing nations in the region, but the intellectual property regime of which has been less explored. The aim of this book is to address the discrepancies, gaps, and flaws in the national intellectual property legal framework of Sri Lanka. In doing so, the book considers Sri Lanka's obligations under TRIPS and other related intellectual property treaties to which the country is a party. The book also examines approaches adopted by developing countries in the region and beyond, as well as other more developed nations, in calibrating Sri Lanka's domestic intellectual property regime to better address the country's domestic needs and national interests. The approach adopted in this book is of relevance, more generally, to policymakers, legislators, legal academics, scholars, jurists, legal practitioners and judges who are keen on exploring the extent to which domestic intellectual property legislation complies with international intellectual property norms and standards and, more importantly, the extent to which domestic law makes use of the flexibilities under international law in addressing domestic needs and national interests.

The textbook discusses design and analysis of microwave high power and high efficiency amplifiers for communications, appropriate for undergraduate, post-graduate students, practical circuit designers and researchers in the field of electronics and communication engineering. This book covers basics of III-V group semiconductor materials and GaAs and GaN based High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) most suitable for microwave and mm wave power amplifiers required for present wireless communication systems and upcoming 4G and 5G mobile base stations. The book describes design and analysis of classical class of amplifier operations such as Class-A, B, AB, C and F. The coverage extends to advanced classes of amplifier operation such as extended continuous Class-B/Class-J, and extended continuous Class-F operations for broadband, high power and high efficiency performance. Analytical expressions are derived for circuit elements and performance parameters for clear understanding and required for practical design of power amplifiers. Each topic is supplemented with suitable schematic diagrams, analytical expressions and plotted results for clear understanding.

This book highlights the basic theories and key technologies of error compensation for industrial robots.  The chapters are arranged in the order of actual applications: establishing the robot kinematic models, conducting error analysis, conducting kinematic and non-kinematic calibrations, and planning optimal sampling points. To help readers effectively apply the technologies, the book elaborates the experiments and applications in robotic drilling and milling, which further verifies the effectiveness of the technologies. This book presents the authors' research achievements in the past decade in improving robot accuracy. It is straightforwardly applicable for technical personnel in the aviation field, and provides valuable reference for researchers and engineers in various robotic applications.

This book presents select proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Advances in Civil and Ecological Engineering Research (ACEER 2022). The book covers a wide range of topics, including construction engineering and management hydraulic and hydrologic engineering, air quality and atmospheric pollution, ecological risk assessment and management, restoration and protection of environment, water pollution and treatment, and water recourses engineering. This book also covers state-of-the-art technologies in building sustainable city, resilient buildings, and sustainable issues in relating to civil engineering. It will be useful for researchers and engineers working in the field of civil and ecological engineering.

This book systematically expounds on the scientific principles and technologies of Rail Transit Intelligent Technology based on the high development of artificial intelligence theory and technology. The contents include technical principles, theoretical algorithms and practical engineering technologies of intelligent monitoring of rail transit system, intelligent sensing and identification of train power system, intelligent technology in rail transit system operation, intelligent maintenance of carriage environment, etc.It can be used as a textbook or teaching reference book for related fields in universities, including rail transit system, communication, automation, intelligent equipment design and manufacturing, artificial intelligence, computer science and technology, electrical engineering and automation, etc. It is used as an academic reference for professionals in rail transit system design, operation, and maintenance.

This book constitutes peer-reviewed proceedings of satellite workshops of the 12th Indian Conference on Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing (ICVGIP 2021). The book focuses on medical image processing, digital heritage, document analysis and recognition, and computer vision applications. The first part includes submissions on digital archiving and restoration methods with interesting and innovative research components. The second part focuses on medical imaging modalities including MRI, X-ray, CT, imaging in nuclear medicine, medical ultrasound, optical and confocal microscopy, and video and range data images. The third part deals with document analysis and recognition and focuses on text recognition, document layout analysis, understanding, historical and degraded document analysis, datasets, performance evaluation, metrics, etc. The fourth part of this book includes research work from academia and industry across the globe on smart, innovative, and practical applications of computer vision for industrial and societal impact. This book shares innovative ideas, experience and expertise, and ongoing research ideas and will be helpful for researchers and practitioners in academia and industry.

The book provides an integrated energy/exergy analysis method to identify the energy utilization issues and systematically propose the cost-effective energy-saving and CO2 mitigation/capture solution. There is a strong market needs on energy-saving and greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction. CO2 mitigation/capture will achieve economic benefit of fuel, power, and carbon tax saving as well as environmental GHG reduction.The book is a professional book for energy-saving and GHG gas mitigation technology in oil & gas, oil refining, and chemical industry. It is an integrated technical book that combines energy utilization theory and practical method, including: thermodynamic analysis for unit operation and process units; energy and exergy calculation for various process streams and utilities; three-link energy/exergy analysis model; energy/exergy balance of equipment, process units, and entire plant; approach and technology of energy saving; optimization of pipeline and equipment; pinch energy-saving technology and its application; CO2 capture and utilization with 8 case studies incorporated for all different scenarios; key energy-saving technologies such gas turbine, FCCU regeneration CO combustion and energy recovery, flue gas turbine system optimization, low-grade heat recovery and utilization.  The book is intended for engineers and professional personnel who are working in process engineering, EPC companies, chemical and petrochemical plants, refineries, oil & gas production facilities, power generation plant. It can also be a professional reference or textbook for undergraduate or graduate-level university students and teaching personnel of chemical, energy, and process engineering faculties of universities. 

This edited book covers all aspects of River related disasters, challenges, and opportunities. Step-by-step descriptions are provided of river dynamics and associated hazards, and their applications in hazard assessments, accompanied by several experimental, filed and numerical studies. In addition, a systematic table of content is given to aid in identifying River hazards challenges and opportunities. Essential information is provided on River dynamics, hydrological processes and climate change issues, and an individual chapter is devoted to ecological restoration and river hazard management. Further topics include the stability of hydraulic structures, sediment transport, and debris flow in the hilly streams. This book will provide students, researchers, scientists, water resources managers with a comprehensive overview of the River dynamics and flood hazards in various sectors of water-related disasters and will enable them to explore the scope of application of the computational techniques and will enable them to explore the scope of River related disasters, allied branches and their field-specific problems. Professionals and policymakers may also explore the implementation of these approaches in their workplace to tackle complex river dynamics and hydrological phenomena occurring in their study area.

The current monograph is the result of many years of work by the author in the field of the understudied concept of network diplomacy and the possibilities of using it in resolving sharp conflicts in order to facilitate their more effective resolution, as well as the possibilities of using the elements of network diplomacy in peaceful spheres of world politics, business and private sector. The main part of the book consists of case-studies that are dedicated to the possible use of network diplomacy in "e;problem"e; zones (the Libyan crisis, the conflict in Syria, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, the armed conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh), as well as in areas of peaceful coexistence (international sport, culture and humanitarian ties, twin cities, cross years etc). Some chapters are particularly dedicated to Russia's possible involvement in network solutions to the conflicts. This study will offer insights into how Russian diplomats are hoping to build a new peace today.

This book presents the history and theoretical contributions of Brazilian geography since the late twentieth century and shows how this sphere of knowledge has been organically integrated with social and territorial issues and with social movements. The relationship between the subjects and objects of research in Brazilian geography has been centred on the understanding and transformation of realities marked by injustice and inequality. Against this backdrop, the geography of the country has developed by integrating, relating to, and forming part of those realities as it headed out into the streets. Brazilian geography continues to hold theoretical debate in high regard as a result of the influence of critical theory. This book thus covers the theoretical approaches in Brazilian geography, its different lines of research, and above all its character as manifested in culture and society.

This book draws on theories of aesthetics, post-colonialism, multiculturalism and transnationalism to explore salient aspects of perpetuating traditional dance customs in diaspora. It is the first book to present a broad-ranging analysis of cultural dance in Australia. Topics include adaptation of dance customs within a post-migration context, multicultural festivals, prominent performers, historiographies and archives, and the relative positionings of cultural and Western theatrical dance genres. The book offers a decolonized appraisal of dance in Australia, critiquing past and present praxes and offering suggestions for the future. Overall, it underscores the highly variegated nature of the Australian dance landscape and advocates for greater recognition of amateur community dance practices. Cultural Dance in Australia makes a substantial contribution to the catalogue of work about immigrants and cultural dance styles that continue to be preserved in Australia. This book will be of interest to scholars of dance, performance studies, migration studies and transnationalism.

This book is written in a style that uncovers the mathematical theories hidden in our daily lives, using examples of patterns that appear in nature, arts, traditional crafts, as well as mathematical mechanics in architectural techniques. The authors believe that through conversations between students and mathematicians, readers may learn about the methods used by the originators of these theories¿their trials, errors, and triumphs¿in reaching their various conclusions. The goal is to help readers refine their mathematical sense in terms of formulating valuable questions and pursuing them. In addition, the book aims to provide enjoyment in the application of mathematical principles to beautiful art and design by using examples that highlight the wonders and mysteries of these works found in our daily lives. To achieve these goals, the book tackles the latest exquisite results on polygons and polyhedra and the dynamic history of geometric research found around us. The term "intuitive geometry" was coined by Lászlo Fejes Tóth and refers to the kind of geometry which, in Hilbert's words, can be explained to and appeal to the "man on the street." This book enables readers to enjoy intuitive geometry informally and instinctively. It does not require more than a high school level of knowledge but calls for a sense of wonder, intuition, and mathematical maturity. In this second edition, many new results, and elegant proofs on a variety of topics have been added, enhancing the book¿s rich content even further.

This book explains the basic theory of Hilbert C*-module in detail, covering a wide range of applications from generalized index to module framework. At the center of the book, the Beurling-Deny criterion is characterized between operator valued Dirichlet forms and quantum Markov semigroups, hence opening a new field of quantum probability research. The general scope of the book includes: basic theory of Hilbert C*-modules; generalized indices and module frames; operator valued Dirichlet forms; and quantum Markov semigroups.This book will be of value to scholars and graduate students in the fields of operator algebra, quantum probability and quantum information.

This book introduces the principles and characteristics of friction stir welding and processing. Based on the inherent issues of friction stir welding, such as back support, weld thinning, and keyhole defects, the book summarizes innovative technologies related to solution strategies and presents a wide range of examples. It introduces the advantages and joining mechanism of friction stir welding in the joining of dissimilar materials and explains the importance of combining metallurgical bonding and mechanical joining. It also includes the characteristics of friction stir processing in terms of microstructure refinement, mechanical properties, surface modification, and the preparation of composites. This book is of interest to a broad readership in various fields of materials science and engineering.

This book fills a gap in sociological theory surrounding how we engage with digital maps like Google Maps, Bing Maps, and OpenStreetMap (OSM). It explains how they feature in everyday life and with what social consequences. To do so, the book walks through examples of how digital maps shape social practices, from choosing which home to buy (landed capital acquisition), through to selecting routes between places. The book first provides a socio-technical background to digital maps and their development as progeny of the Internet and web rather than direct successors to paper-based ones. It then charts the evolution of theory about map use from its origin in academic cartography to contemporary thought, introducing concepts from systems-based communication models, semiotics, cognitive-behaviorism, critical cartography, and critical data and platform studies. With background concepts in place, the book moves on to develop a particular framework for analysing digital media use. Combining digital sociology and practice theory, the book works through empirical examples to cumulatively develop a new sociological theory on the social consequences of digital maps. The book argues that we defer to digital maps knowledgeably as rough guides, adopting a Bayesian logic - albeit with an awareness of their potential for error. As a result, decisions over choice of place and route - the mobility of people and things in space - become anchored within people¿s deferral to digital maps. By extension, so do senses of place, sense of security, and the performance of social positions.

Designed for senior undergraduate and graduate courses in mathematics and engineering, this self-contained textbook discusses key topics in linear algebra with real-life applications. Split into two parts¿theory in part I and solved problems in part II¿the book makes both theoretical and applied linear algebra easily accessible. Topics such as sets and functions, vector spaces, linear transformations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, normed spaces, and inner product spaces are discussed in part I; while in part II, over 500 meticulously solved problems show how to use linear algebra in real-life situations. A must-have book for linear algebra courses; it also serves as valuable supplementary material.

The book covers all the emerging paradigms of machine learning and bio-inspired algorithms and their synergies with communication networks which may prove to a core 5G and 6G enablers. It consists of 11 chapters with varied fields. The book introduces the fundamentals of broadband wireless networks and issues related to energy efficiency and optimization. Also, it discusses the efficient bio-inspired algorithms and their utility in wireless networks for 5G, B5G, and IoT. Different fitness functions for different bio-inspired and other artificial intelligence algorithms are described in the book. More importantly it also introduces the concept, implementation, and technological challenges of efficient wireless energy harvesting methods. The book discusses different methodologies for efficient antenna designs. It also covers real-time applications on the Internet of Medical Things (IOMT). The book helps the readers to understand the subject and solve many real-time issues. It proves a ready reference to the researchers working in RF, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and communication networks.