Böcker utgivna av Springer Nature Singapore

This book constitutes the proceedings of the International Conference on Web-Based Learning, ICWL 2023, in Sydney, NSW, Australia, in November 2023.The 9 full papers together with 7 short papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 23 submissions. The conference focuses on subjects such as Semantic Web for E-Learning, through Learning Analytics, Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, Assessment, Pedagogical Issues, E-learning Platforms, and Tools, to Mobile Learning.

This book highlights the contemporary state of research in multidisciplinary areas of Computer Science, Computer Engineering, Data Science, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Physics, Biomedical Sciences, Life Sciences, Medicine, Healthcare, and Business Technology. The accepted submissions to the 9th IRC Conference on Science, Engineering and Technology (IRC-SET 2023) presented on 19 August 2023 are published in this conference proceedings. The papers presented here were shortlisted after extensive rounds of rigorous reviews by a panel of esteemed individuals who are pioneers and experts in their respective domains.

This graduate-level textbook deals with different aspects of plane mirrors and mirror-related symmetries. It provides us with some new ways of understanding symmetries in crystals and the mirror combination schemes. The inclusion of topics such as the Wigner¿Seitz unit cell, reciprocal lattice, Brillouin zones, diffraction of crystals, etc., based on the mirror combination scheme, are extremely helpful in understanding many other concepts in crystallography. A mirror is the only fundamental symmetry in crystals, and all other permissible symmetries in crystalline solids can be derived from suitable combinations of mirrors, called derived symmetries. A rudimentary knowledge of symmetry in crystallography is essential to students, researchers, and professionals in many subjects in science and technology: physics, chemistry, mathematics, molecular biology, geology, metallurgy, and particularly materials science and mineralogy.

This book aims to provide a comprehensive and systematic understanding of research on extracellular vesicles (EVs). Extracellular vesicles, including exosomes and microvesicles, are nano-sized lipid bilayer encapsulated membranes carrying proteins, lipids, nucleic acids. They are shed by the majority of the cells into the extracellular milieu and present in many biological fluids (blood, urine, saliva, breast milk, cerebrospinal fluid, follicular fluid, semen, lung lavage, and tears). With numerous research publications in recent years, the study of EVs is the emerging field across plenty of disciplines. Many researches and efforts have shown their biogenesis, multiple roles in physiological and pathophysiological processes, and their potential roles as therapeutic agents. The book is organized by outstanding scientists in EV field from the Chinese Society for Extracellular Vesicle (CSEV). It covers the biological basic research of EVs, especially on technologies and methods, as well as the clinical application of EVs as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and therapy.

This book introduces the dilation theory of operators on Hilbert spaces and its relationship to complex geometry. Classical as well as very modern topics are covered in the book. On the one hand, it introduces the reader to the characteristic function, a classical object used by Sz.-Nagy and Foias and still a topic of current research. On the other hand, it describes the dilation theory of the symmetrized bidisc which has been developed mostly in the present century and is a very active topic of research. It also describes an abstract theory of dilation in the setting of set theory. This was developed very recently.A good portion of the book discusses various geometrical objects like the bidisc, the Euclidean unit ball, and the symmetrized bidisc. It shows the similarities and differences between the dilation theory in these domains. While completely positive maps play a big role in the dilation theory of the Euclidean unit ball, this is not so in the symmetrized bidisc for example. There, the central role is played by an operator equation. Targeted to graduate students and researchers, the book introduces the reader to different techniques applicable in different domains.

This book includes selected papers presented at World Conference on Information Systems for Business Management (ISBM 2023), held in Bangkok, Thailand, during September 7¿8, 2023. It covers up-to-date cutting-edge research on data science, information systems, infrastructure and computational systems, engineering systems, business information systems, and smart secure systems.

This book presents the select proceedings of International Conference on Production and Industrial Engineering (CPIE) 2023. It covers the current and latest research methods for the modeling and optimization of production and industrial systems. The chapters in the book include the advanced methods of optimization of manufacturing processes and application of data analytics in industrial problems. The book is useful for researchers and professionals working in manufacturing and production engineering, and other allied fields.

Tuberculosis is among the top 10 causes of death worldwide.The WHO clearly proposed that drug-resistant tuberculosis is one of the three major challenge in tuberculosis prevention and control .The book consists of detection of drug-resistant TB and its epidemics, laboratory examination for drug-resistant tubercle bacillus, pathogenic mechanism of drug-resistant TB and its diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, prevention and prognosis of drug-resistant pulmonary TB. This book also focuses on the information of classic cases of drug-resistant TB, including mono-drug-resistant (including Rifampicin resistance, etc.), multidrug-resistant, poly-drug-resistant, extensive-drug-resistant (pre-extensive-drug-resistant), drug-resistant bronchial TB, and pediatric drug-resistant, as well as AIDS complicated with drug-resistant TB, and diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant cervical TB lymphadenitis. The book also provided a comprehensive description and in-depth analysis for each selected case and a systematic explanation for latest cutting-edge issues, such as dynamic changes in images during the treatment of drug-resistant TB as well as the research and application of artificial intelligence in diagnosing drug-resistant TB, to further inspire our readers. This is a useful book to refer to for respiratory physicians, radiologists, and clinicians in preventive medicine, as well as government officials working in health policies.

This book focuses on the Heritage Conservation of Architecture, Historic Districts of a City and Conservation strategies with specific case studies from India, in order to highlight the need for conserving the rich piece of history through research, education, advocacy, and practice. The historic significance and the condition mapping of the subjects are carried out through primary field studies by the authors at School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada, India. The cases are analysed, and appropriate solutions and sustainable strategies are evolved for the conservation of the buildings facing contemporary challenges. The contents align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 11), Target 11.4 which aims to ¿strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world's cultural and natural heritage'. This would ensure that a rich piece of history is documented and analysed to ensure that it is not erased and forgotten. This book serves as a bountiful data base of literature as well as conservation strategies for heritage conservationists, students of architectural conservation and researchers.

This book provides a general overview of the importance of fibre-matrix interfacial bonding characteristics in natural fibre-based composites to obtain optimal material properties for a specific application. Composites materials are prepared by combining fibres and polymers to achieve superior materials properties than those of the individual components. Composite materials are used to produce lightweight components with increased stiffness and strength; their properties can also be tailored for any specific applications. The glass fibre reinforced composites dominate 95% of the thermoplastic and thermoset-based composites. However, the natural fibre reinforced composites can give competition to the glass fibres due to their advantages such as biodegradability, low density, low cost, and good mechanical properties. This book looks into biocomposites and its important aspect of optimization of materials¿ performance by fine-tuning the fibre-matrix bonding characteristics. The chapters in the book look at different plant fibres such as kenaf, pineapple leaf, jute, date palm, luffa, cotton, hemp, wood, bamboo, flax, and straw and the different approaches to enhance the fibre-matrix interfacial bonding through physical and/or chemical treatment methods. It demonstrates that the nature of fibre-matrix bonding has a significant effect on the properties such as tensile, flexural, impact, inter-laminar shear strength, moisture absorption, thickness swelling, thermal, chemical, damping, creep, and fatigue. Its content appeals to academics, students, researcher, and scientist who are working in the field to produce biodegradable and recyclable materials in the composite industry.

This book includes high-quality papers presented at 16th International Conference on Information Technology and Applications (ICITA 2022), held in Lisbon, Portugal during October 20-22, 2022. The book presents original research work of academics and industry professionals to exchange their knowledge of the state-of-the-art research and development in information technology and applications. The topics covered in the book are cloud computing, business process engineering, machine learning, evolutionary computing, big data analytics, Internet of things and cyber-physical systems, information and knowledge management, computer vision and image processing, computer graphics and games¿programming, mobile computing, ontology engineering, software and systems modeling, human-computer interaction, online learning¿/ e-learning, computer networks, and web engineering.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 21st Asian Symposium on Programming Languages and Systems, APLAS 2023, held in Taipei, Taiwan, during November 26¿29, 2023.The 15 full papers included in this book are carefully reviewed and selected from 32 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: semantics, logics, and foundational theory; design of languages, type systems, and foundational calculi; domain-specific languages; compilers, interpreters, and abstract machines; program derivation, synthesis, and transformation; program analysis, verification, and model-checking; logic, constraint, probabilistic, and quantum programming; software security; concurrency and parallelism; tools and environments for programming and implementation; and applications of SAT/SMT to programming and implementation.

This book introduces the MagLev testing method for density measurement and density-based applications of diamagnetic and low-magnetic objects using permanent magnets. The book surveys the most relevant papers on the theory and model of various MagLev methods that have become the foundation to elucidate the principles of MagLev and the conditions for stable levitation. A thorough summary of the improvements demonstrates the applications and potential of the MagLev method in many fields. This book is separated into 11 chapters to present MagLev testing method fully, including a review of the background of MagLev, theories and basic principles of the stable levitation of object, different dimensions of applications of MagLev in the fields of mechanical engineering, chemistry, and bioengineering, and sophisticated applications of manipulation and separation. This book would benefit the audience in the field of mechanical engineering, chemistry, materials science,and bioengineering, since magnetic levitation method has proved itself suitable for the density-based analysis and applications of materials of different scales. The analysis in this book will help the audience deeply understand the mechanism of magnetic levitation, and it can serve as an instruction for the magnetic levitation procedure, or guidebook for the magnetic levitation setup. With the viewpoints and thoughts about MagLev running through this book, this book may spark the audience¿s interest towards magnetic levitation method, and enlighten them to further develop Maglev method.

This book aims to provide many advanced application topics for microwave circuits and high-frequency electromagnetic (EM) fields by using advanced design system (ADS) and high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) as simulation platforms. In particular, it contains the latest multidisciplinary co-simulation guidance on the design of relevant components and devices. Currently, the circuit/field design and performance analysis and optimization strongly rely on various kinds of robust electronic design automation (EDA) software. RF/microwave engineers must grasp two or more types of related simulation design software. ADS by Keysight and HFSS by Ansys are the representative for circuit simulations and for field and structural simulations of microwave devices, respectively. At present, these two types of software are widely used in enterprises, universities, and research institutions. The main purpose of this book is to enable readers, who are interested in microwave engineering and applied electromagnetics, to master the applications of these two tools. It also helps readers expand their knowledge boundaries behind those types of software and deepen their understanding of developing interdisciplinary technologies by co-simulations.The book is divided into three parts. The first part introduces the two latest versions of ADS and HFSS and helps readers better understand the basic principles and latest functions better. It also advises how to choose appropriate simulation tools for different problems. The second part mainly describes co-simulations for high-frequency EM fields, microwave circuits, antenna designs, EM compatibility (EMC), and thermal and structural analyses. It provides guides and advices on performing co-simulations by ADS and HFSS incorporated with other types of software, respectively. The last part narrates the automation interfaces and script programming methods for co-simulations. It primarily deals with the Advanced Extension Language (AEL), Python Data Link (PDL), and MATLAB interface in ADS. For HFSS, it discusses VBScript, IronPython scripting, and Application Programming Interface (APIs) based on MATLAB. Each topic contains practical examples to help readers understand so that they can gain a solid knowledge and skills regarding automated interfaces and scripting methods based on these kinds of software.Concisely written in combination with practical examples, this book is very suitable as a textbook in introductory courses on microwave circuit and EM simulations and also as a supplementary textbook in many courses on electronics, microwave engineering, communication engineering, and related fields. As well, it can serve as a reference book for microwave engineers and researchers.

This book provides the basic concepts and latest findings on kokumi substances. It covers not only the topics related to food chemistry, but also the biochemical and physiological mechanisms of the perception of kokumi substances. Food palatability is determined by many factors, including taste, aroma, texture, color, physiological condition, and circumstances. The attribute called ¿kokü is used in Japan to express delicious foods. The definition of koku attribute was previously proposed to be caused by the sensation of richness, body, lingering (continuity), and mouthfulness in terms of taste, aroma, and texture. Kokumi substance is one of the taste-related koku enhancers and is defined as a substance that enhances complexity, richness (body), and lastingness (continuity), although it has no taste itself at the dose. The topics in this book cover physiological studies, including the receptor mechanism, taste nerve recording, and human brain responses using functional MRI. It also discusses the sensory characteristics of kokumi substances when added to foods and the effect of kokumi substances on the satiety. The intended readers are university students, researchers and technologists in food science, food chemistry, nutritional sciences, taste physiology, and neuroscience. Non-expert readers interested in food palatability and the deliciousness of foods may also find this book useful.

As the main trend and key enabling technology for next-generation wireless networks (i.e., 6G), integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) can effectively improve spectrum efficiency, hardware efficiency, and information processing efficiency. However, it faces several deficiencies, including limited coverage due to high-frequency signals and limited communication-sensing performance due to uncontrollable wireless environments. Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) provides novel dimensions to address these deficiencies by intelligently manipulating the wireless propagation environment in an energy- and hardware-efficient manner. RIS-enabled ISAC is expected to comprehensively promote the multi-dimensional performance of 6G, such as communication capacity, sensing accuracy, and coverage. Nevertheless, to fully realize its potential, one needs to figure out the impacts of RIS on joint communication and sensing performance and tackle new technical challenges in beamforming designand signal processing. The goal of this book, therefore, is to deliver a thorough understanding of RIS-enabled ISAC from three perspectives: performance analysis, beamforming design, and signal processing. Specifically, the authors provide a brief introduction to RIS-enabled ISAC, including basic concepts, motivations, potential application scenarios, and an overview of the state-of-the-art research on RIS-enabled ISAC. The theoretical performance analytical frameworks of RIS-enabled ISAC and their corresponding results are also discussed. Based on this, several critical issues are identified and elaborated on, including signal processing technologies such as angle and Delay-Doppler information acquisition, and air interface technologies such as beamforming designs. Finally, the book concludes with future trends and open issues for further research.The book would be beneficial for researchers, graduate students, and industry professionals who wish to gain a comprehensive understanding of the latest developments and challenges in RIS-enabled ISAC. By providing insights into the potential of RIS-enabled ISAC and the technical challenges that need to be addressed, the book can aid in the development of practical solutions for next-generation wireless networks and contribute to the advancement of the field of wireless communications.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Future Data and Security Engineering, FDSE 2021, held in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, in November 2021.*The 28 full papers and 8 short were carefully reviewed and selected from 168 submissions. The selected papers are organized into the following topical headings: big data analytics and distributed systems; security and privacy engineering; industry 4.0 and smart city: data analytics and security; blockchain and access control; data analytics and healthcare systems; and short papers: security and data engineering.* The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Most of the existing monographs on generalized inverses are based on linear algebra tools and geometric methods of Banach (Hilbert) spaces to introduce generalized inverses of complex matrices and operators and their related applications, or focus on generalized inverses of matrices over special rings like division rings and integral domains, and does not include the results in general algebraic structures such as arbitrary rings, semigroups and categories, which are precisely the most general cases.In this book, five important generalized inverses are introduced in these algebraic structures. Moreover, noting that the (pseudo) core inverse was introduced in the last decade and has attracted much attention, this book also covers the very rich research results on it, so as to be a necessary supplement to the existing monographs. This book starts with decompositions of matrices, introduces the basic properties of generalized inverses of matrices, and then discusses generalizedinverses of elements in rings and semigroups, as well as morphisms in categories. The algebraic nature of generalized inverses is presented, and the behavior of generalized inverses are related to the properties of the algebraic system.Scholars and graduate students working on the theory of rings, semigroups and generalized inverses of matrices and operators will find this book helpful.

This book provides an accurate evaluation of re-integration of Eurasia in the context of Indiäs energy security and diplomacy which requires a normative shift as in the current Eurasian geopolitical and geo-economic matrix, the growing role of transit countries and their proximity with the Energy Complex Zone negates the fact that great powers or strong states control the Eurasian Heartland. Authors believe that wrecking this norm is fundamental here to deconstruct the undercurrents of energy geopolitics prevailing in Eurasia over the emerging phenomenon, as it discourages the re-integration of the Eurasian region. It explores how the geopolitical struggle between major powers for energy resources has been engendering mutual interdependencies between energy producers and transit countries.It makes an attempt to provide a transcontinental study of Eurasian energy and connectivity as a thrust area for the present work positioning Eurasia in Indian foreign policy, determiningthe contours of energy diplomacy in connection with the Eurasian energy policy. It defines Eurasia broadly as the region that encompasses Central Asia and the Caucasus including Russia and transit countries. It addresses the geopolitical and geo-economic aspects of Eurasian re-integration in the context of Indiäs energy security. The objective of this book is to combine theoretical, contemporary, and policy-oriented issues that deserve scholarly attention and would both complement and supplement the academic contributions.

This series of books is a result of collaboration between the Chinese Academy of Sciences and relevant national departments. This book provides a comprehensive summary and analysis of the current state and future trends of e-Science in China, with a focus on strategic developments, application practices, and infrastructure construction. This book showcases the recent progress, achievements, and new situations in China's e-Science in the past two years, and offer detailed cases for reference. The content is rich and offers valuable insights for the future development of research informatization.

This book explores the postcolonial discourse and decolonization processes in modern Kazakhstan and beyond. It pays particular attention to such areas as national and religious identity, language, literature, and historical narratives. Despite the fact that the post-colonial theory initially emerged in other regions of the world, it has increasingly been applied in the scholarship on Central Asia. Exploring recent debates on post-coloniality in Kazakhstan, this book is an attempt to bring together two bodies of scholarly literature: scholarship on culture and society in post-Soviet Central Asia and research on post-colonial theory. This volume will be of interest to scholars of Eurasian studies as well as researchers and students of post-colonialism in various contexts beyond Eurasia.

This edited book brings forth comprehensive information on the bioprocessing and biovalorization of root (i.e., cassava, sweet potato, yams, and aroids), tuber (i.e., potato, carrot, turnip, artichoke and beet root), and bulb (i.e., onion and garlic) crop wastes into various products and platform chemicals in a biorefinery approach.The non-edible portion of roots, tubers, and bulb crops, after processing (waste), such as peels, skins, pulps, rejects, and unmarketable tubers, account for about 20¿40% of the total weight of the fresh produce. Tropical tuber crops such as cassava, yams, aroids, and sweet potato generate bagasse, the byproduct of the starch processing industry, which contains about 30¿50% starch and fibrous materials on a dry weight basis. Similarly, the husk is the leading waste from onion and garlic processing. The amount of waste and byproducts of potato industry is estimated to be around 12¿20% of their total production. These wastes pose increasing disposal and potentially severe pollution problems and represent a loss of valuable biomass and nutrients. Roots, tubers, and bulb wastes usually have a composition of sugar, starch, proteins, phenolic phytochemicals, fibers, and minerals. Therefore, they should not be considered as ¿wastes¿ but raw materials for other industrial processes in the biorefinery approach. These wastes provide conditions amenable for the growth of microorganisms and opens up great opportunities for their reuse in fermentation processes to develop value-added bioproducts such as enzymes, single-cell proteins, bio-absorbents, phenolic bioactive compounds, aroma and flavor compounds, organic acids, and biofuels. This book fills the gap in literature about the processes and by-products. The book is composed of 16- chapters deep diving into valorization and bioprocessing of a range of tuber crop waste. The book explores these processes in 11 different crops and highlights the life cycle assessment as well as highlightsthe opportunities about commercialization of technologies used in bioprocessing and bio-valorization of root crop waste.The processes explained in the book are rooted in the principles of circular economy. This book is of interest to teachers, researchers, environmentalists, bio-based industrialist, and policymakers.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Technology in Education. Innovations for Online Teaching and Learning, ICTE 2023, held in Hong Kong, China, during December 19¿21, 2023.The 30 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 74 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: keynote papers; online and innovative learning; personalized and individualized learning; smart learning environment; artificial intelligence in education; and institutional strategies and practices.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 22nd IFIP TC 14 International Conference on Entertainment Computing, ICEC 2023, which was held in Bologna, Italy, during November 15¿17, 2023.The 13 full papers, 5 short papers, 8 work-in-progress papers, 7 interactive entertainment demonstrations, 2 student competition papers, 5 workshop papers and tutorials, and 10 papers from a special section on aesthetics and empowerment were carefully reviewed and selected from 85 submissions. They cover a large range of topics in the following thematic areas: Game Experience; Player Engagement and Analysis; Serious Gameplay; Entertainment Methods and Tools; Extended Reality; Game Design; Interactive Entertainment; Student Game Competition; Workshops and Tutorials; and Aesthetics and Empowerment. .

This book combines the fundamentals of economics, technology, and policy in deriving feasible solutions to facilitate the large-scale development of renewables in the ASEAN. A unique feature of this book is documenting that achieving large-scale renewables deployment inevitably requires combining these three distinct but interrelated forces of economics, technology, and policy. The economic foundations are guided by the microeconomic foundations grounded on economic efficiency and the associated market designs to deliver short-run economic efficiency including the application of auction designs and cost-benefit analysis. The role of battery technology and utility-scale batteries as enabling technologies for large-scale deployment of renewable energy is evidenced through energy modeling techniques. This book also pays particular emphasis on identifying key policy barriers of large-scale renewable development and pathways to overcome them such as the importance of carbon pricing in ASEANcountries and cross-border electricity trade to improve energy security by achieving clean energy targets. Country-specific case studies and regional case studies are used to study the economic, technological, and policy facets of large-scale renewable development with a view to derive policy lessons and recommendations in decarbonizing economic regions such as the ASEAN. The case studies are carefully selected and supported by rigorous data analysis and modeling as appropriate. This book on energy economics and policy is highly recommended to readers who seek an in-depth and robust overview on the recent empirical evidences of facilitating the large-scale development of renewables with a particular reference to the ASEAN and Asian economies including India and China.

This book presents experimental investigations and digital image processing, highlighting the interaction of polarized radiation with phase-inhomogeneous and optically anisotropic biological layers. The promising and efficient use of vector-parametric description of the formation of polarization-inhomogeneous object fields is noted. Applications of a set of Mueller-matrix polarimetry methods are highlighted. The book includes- structural and logical scheme of multi-parameter (singular, interference and layer-by-layer Stokes-polarimetric), polarization-correlation study of the structure of distributions of the number of singularities, maps of local contrast of interference distributions and layer-by-layer maps of microscopic polarization azimuth and ellipticity; determination of relationships between changes in the magnitude of statistical parameters characterizing polarization-correlation distributions and pathology of prostate tumors.