Böcker utgivna av Springer Nature Switzerland AG

AI has become an emerging technology to assess security and privacy, with many challenges and potential solutions at the algorithm, architecture, and implementation levels. So far, research on AI and security has looked at subproblems in isolation but future solutions will require sharing of experience and best practice in these domains.The editors of this State-of-the-Art Survey invited a cross-disciplinary team of researchers to a Lorentz workshop in 2019 to improve collaboration in these areas. Some contributions were initiated at the event, others were developed since through further invitations, editing, and cross-reviewing. This contributed book contains 14 invited chapters that address side-channel attacks and fault injection, cryptographic primitives, adversarial machine learning, and intrusion detection. The chapters were evaluated based on their significance, technical quality, and relevance to the topics of security and AI, and each submission was reviewed in single-blindmode and revised.

This book analyzes the effect of hydrogen on the atomic-level interactions in metals, detailing the corresponding changes in the physical properties of crystal lattice defects, diffusion, and phase transformations in metallic materials as a result of hydrogen loading. It presents a novel derivation of the structure of stacking faults, the mobility of dislocations, and short-range atomic order in hydrogen-infused metallic alloys based on the change in the concentration of free electrons. It reviews the current hypotheses behind hydrogen embrittlement of iron-, nickel, and titanium-based alloys, focusing on the phenomenon of hydrogen-enhanced localized plasticity and taking into account inherent atomic states in the alloys and other effects due to hydrogen loading. Finally, the book analyzes the use of hydrogen as an interim alloying element in the technological processing of titanium alloys, discussing the necessary preconditions for hydrogen-enhanced plasticity of metals. This book isan excellent resource for graduate students, academic researchers, and practicing engineers involved in the development of advanced hydrogen-resistant metallic materials.

This book is a timely book to summarize the latest developments in the optimization of tuned mass dampers covering all classical approaches and new trends including metaheuristic algorithms. Also, artificial intelligence and machine learning methods are included to predict optimum results by skipping long optimization processes. Another difference and advantage of the book are to provide chapters about several types of control types including passive tuned mass dampers, active tuned mass dampers, tuned liquid dampers, tuned liquid column dampers and inerter dampers. Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are vibration absorber devices used in all types of mechanic systems. The key factor in the design is an effective tuning of TMDs for the desired performance. In practice, several high-rise structures and bridges were designed by including TMDs. Also, TMDs were installed after the construction of the structures after several negative experiences resulting from the disturbing sway of the structures. In optimum design, several closed-form expressions have been proposed for optimum frequency and damping ratio of TMDs, but the exact optimization requires iterative optimization approaches. The current trend is to use evolutionary algorithms and metaheuristic optimization methods to reach the goal.

This monograph presents the original scientific manuscripts submitted for publication at the International Conference - The Science and Development of Transport (ZIRP 2021), organized by the University of Zagreb, Faculty of Transport and Traffic Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia. The Conference takes place in ¿ibenik, Croatia, from 30th September until 1st October 2021, aiming to bring together the scientists and the practitioners by putting forward innovative solutions available to everyone. This monograph presents the newest scientific research, case studies, and best practices in the field of transport and logistics. In addition to the main topics, many relevant manuscripts in the field of transport and logistics have been presented, such as sustainable urban mobility and logistics, safety and policy, data science, process automation, inventory forecasting, improving competitiveness in the transport and logistics services market and raising customer satisfaction. The monograph will be of interest for the experienced researchers, professionals as well as Ph.D. students in the field of transport and logistics

This book provides students and researchers with a resource that includes the current application of the multi-criteria decision theory in a variety of fields, including the environment, health care, engineering, and architecture. There are many critical parameters (criteria) that can directly or indirectly affect the consequences of various decisions. The application of the multi-criteria decision theory focusses mainly on the use of computational methods which include multiple criteria and orders of preference for the evaluation and the selection of the best option among many alternatives based on the desired outcome. The theory of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) is an approach that can be extremely useful for students, managers, engineers of manufacturing companies, etc.

This book discusses the importance of transitioning from conventionally fuelled, electric and hydrogen personal vehicles towards low carbon electric and hydrogen public transport. It presents international comparisons and case studies of countries who have successfully and unsuccessfully implemented policies to reduce their emissions from land-based transport. It discusses and provides policy recommendations to meet a net zero transport world by exploring potential issues, including infrastructure changes and electricity generation mix which may prevent targets being met successfully. The book also demonstrates how the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced individual transport choices and what will need to be done to ensure travel remains sustainable going forward. Aligned with an active area of academic and civil discourse on the topic of sustainable transportation systems, Transportation in a Net Zero World will be of interest to researchers, policy makers, and graduate students alike, inthe fields of environmental science and transport studies.

This book describes the background, principles, implementations, characterization, and future trends of temperature sensors made from silicon resistors in CMOS technology, including their readout circuits. Readers will benefit from the latest research of CMOS temperature sensors, and could learn about various precision analog techniques such as phase detection, continuous-time ¿¿ ADC, zoom ADC, FIR-DAC, dynamic element matching, OTA linearization, etc.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the party finance regime at the level of the European Union. Based on an in-depth analysis of the interaction between European political parties and their institutional environment, it shows how the Europarties have coped with ¿ and altered ¿ the funding rules. The book explains why increasing party subsidies have been made available, and why considerable differences exist in how Eurosceptic and pro-European parties have used their EU funding. It also examines how party finance reform at the EU level has been at the centre of party competition, by demonstrating how the rules were strategically changed to benefit some European parties over others. Considering the strong democratic aspirations that lay at the origins of the finance regime, the book explores its consequences for party democracy and the rule of law in Europe. This book is valuable for scholars working on the European Parliament, Eurosceptic parties, EU decision-making, (European) party politics and political finance.

This edited volume brings together international research that explores children¿s creativity in STEM inquiry. It takes the position that creativity is relevant in all aspects of life and is essential for adaptable and innovative thinking. The research informed content of the book, highlights both challenges and opportunities for growing children¿s creativity. The book focuses on fostering children¿s creativity and natural curiosity in the world around them through STEM inquiry. Through STEM inquiry, children are learning through a cross- disciplinary approach where they apply concepts from multiple fields as they are thinking creatively, problem solving and constructing solutions. Educators play a critical role in encouraging children¿s creativity by modelling creativity, providing creative projects for children and importantly, establishing rich culturally connected environments where children have the resources, conditions and opportunities for acting and thinking creatively. The book provides a lens for looking at children¿s creativity in a range of different cultural settings. It offers insight and guidance to future research and will build educators¿ capacity for developing children¿s creative practices.

This book offers insight into the ways students enrolled in European classrooms in higher education come to understand American experience through its literary fiction, which for decades has been a key component of English department offerings and American Studies curricula across the continent and in Great Britain and Ireland. The essays provide an understanding of how post-World War II American writers, some already elevated to ¿canonical status¿ and some not, are represented in European university classrooms and why they have been chosen for inclusion in coursework. The book will be of interest to scholars and teachers of American literature and American studies, and to students in American literature and American studies courses.

This book presents the functions and mechanisms of macropinocytosis, an actin-driven endocytic uptake process.Key points, including the evolutionary origins of macropinocytosis and major signaling pathways that regulate this uptake mechanism, are highlighted. A wide-array of functions of macropinocytosis are described, including cellular metabolism, cell death, cell migration and antigen presentation. Macropinocytosis has recently been recognized as a critical pathway in disease pathology and treatment. Therefore, a broad overview of macropinocytosis will benefit clinicians, as well as translational and basic research scientists. Moreover, as one of the main clathrin-independent endocytic routes, compiling all the critical information about macropinocytosis in one collection, this book will also be helpful to educators and their students.

This open access book describes recent innovations in food systems based on root, tuber and banana crops in developing countries. These innovations respond to many of the challenges facing these vital crops, linked to their vegetative seed and bulky and perishable produce. The innovations create value, food, jobs and new sources of income while improving the wellbeing and quality of life of their users. Women are often key players in the production, processing and marketing of roots, tubers and bananas, so successful innovation needs to consider gender. These crops and their value chains have long been neglected by research and development, hence this book contributes to filling in the gap. The book features many outcomes of the CGIAR Research Program in Roots, Tubers and Banana (RTB), which operated from 2012-21, encompassing many tropical countries, academic and industry partners, multiple crops, and major initiatives. It describes the successful innovation model developed by RTB that brings together diverse partners and organizations, to create value for the end users and to generate positive economic and social outcomes. RTB has accelerated the scaling of innovations to reach many end users cost effectively. Though most of the book¿s examples and insights are from Africa, they can be applied worldwide. The book will be useful for decision makers designing policies to scale up agricultural solutions, for researchers and extension specialists seeking practical ideas, and for scholars of innovation.

Optimization of Pharmaceutical Processes presents contributions from leading authorities in the fields of optimization and pharmaceutical manufacturing. Formulated within structured frameworks, practical examples and applications are given as guidance to apply optimization techniques to most aspects of pharmaceutical processes from design, to lab and pilot scale, and finally to manufacturing. The increasing demand for better quality, higher yield, more efficient-optimized and green pharmaceutical processes, indicates that optimal conditions for production must be applied to achieve simplicity, lower costs and superior yield. The application of such methods in the pharmaceutical industry is not trivial. Quality of the final product is of major importance to human health and the need for deep knowledge of the process parameters and the optimization of the processes are imperative. The volume, which includes new methods as well as review contributions will benefit a wide readership including engineers in pharmaceuticals, chemical, biological, to name just a few.

This book presents deliberations on molecular and genomic mechanisms underlying the interactions of crop plants to the abiotic stresses caused by heat, cold, drought, flooding, submergence, salinity, acidity, etc., important to develop resistant crop varieties. Knowledge on the advanced genetic and genomic crop improvement strategies including molecular breeding, transgenics, genomic-assisted breeding, and the recently emerging genome editing for developing resistant varieties in oilseed crops is imperative for addressing FHNEE (food, health, nutrition, energy, and environment) security. Whole genome sequencing of these crops followed by genotyping-by-sequencing has provided precise information regarding the genes conferring resistance useful for gene discovery, allele mining, and shuttle breeding which in turn opened up the scope for 'designing' crop genomes with resistance to abiotic stresses.The eight chapters each dedicated to a oilseed crop in this volume elucidate on different types of abiotic stresses and their effects on and interaction with the crop; enumerate on the available genetic diversity with regard to abiotic stress resistance among available cultivars; illuminate on the potential gene pools for utilization in interspecific gene transfer; present brief on classical genetics of stress resistance and traditional breeding for transferring them to their cultivated counterparts; depict the success stories of genetic engineering for developing abiotic stress-resistant crop varieties; discuss on molecular mapping of genes and QTLs underlying stress resistance and their marker-assisted introgression into elite varieties; enunciate on different genomics-aided techniques including genomic selection, allele mining, gene discovery, and gene pyramiding for developing adaptive crop varieties with higher quantity and quality of yields, and also elaborate some case studies on genome editing focusing on specific genes for generating abiotic stress-resistant crops.

Multilingual learners (MLs) students spend most of their school time with their teachers, who often feel professionally unprepared to meet their linguistically diverse students' needs. As such, preparing teachers for increasing numbers of multilingual learners (MLs) has become a critical factor in promoting equity and success for all students in our global society. This book explores and highlights the reflective narratives of teacher educators, in-service, and preservice teachers. It shows how these narratives are grounded in their personal lives, professional training, and daily teaching, and how they can unfold the complexities in their various experiences and the rich implications for MLs teaching and teacher preparation. The book presents papers that utilize teachers' reflective narratives to prepare and train teachers who are or will be working with MLs. It discusses the challenges and implications of teaching groups of MLs made up of diverse learners, including immigrants, refugees, and learners with disabilities. 'This book seeks to change the narrative of some of our most vulnerable student populations by giving voice to the experiences, challenges, success, and best practices encountered in the international education landscape. The power contained within each chapter is the systematic and intentional reflections that bring the marginalized stories to the center of the discussion. Anyone seeking an understanding of how reflective narrative can build equity and social justice for multilingual learners will appreciate the breadth of experience described. This understanding is critical for culturally and linguistically diverse teaching and learning.' Jordan González, Ph.D., St. John's University, NY

This book deals with an original contribution to the hypothetical missing link unifying the two fundamental branches of physics born in the twentieth century, General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics. Namely, the book is devoted to a review of a "covariant approach" to Quantum Mechanics, along with several improvements and new results with respect to the previous related literature. The first part of the book deals with a covariant formulation of Galilean Classical Mechanics, which stands as a suitable background for covariant Quantum Mechanics. The second part deals with an introduction to covariant Quantum Mechanics. Further, in order to show how the presented covariant approach works in the framework of standard Classical Mechanics and standard Quantum Mechanics, the third part provides a detailed analysis of the standard Galilean space-time, along with three dynamical classical and quantum examples. The appendix accounts for several non-standard mathematical methods widely used in the body of the book.