Böcker utgivna av Springer Nature Switzerland

This volume LNCS 14396 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference, MEDI 2023,in November 2023 ,held in Sousse, Tunisia.The 27 full papers were carefully peer reviewed and selected from 99 submissions. The Annual International Conference on Model and Data Engineering focuses on bring together researchers and practitioners and enabling them to showcase the latest advances in modelling and data management.

This thought-provoking and timely book focuses on the pressing issues surrounding criminal justice and policy reform through the examination of flaws and biases within the criminal justice system. It highlights the disproportionate incarceration rates faced by marginalized individuals and the far-reaching consequences for families and communities. The heart of the book lies in the dismantling of the pipelines to prisons. It explores the systemic factors that contribute to the pipelines, including issues surrounding school, educational, child welfare, and foster care policies. By shedding light on how these policies can funnel individuals into the criminal justice system, the book underscores the importance of addressing root causes and offering alternative pathways.Drawing on restorative justice principles, the book advocates for a transformative approach that promotes repairing harm, healing, and rebuilding relationships. It explores successful restorative justice practices and progress that have yielded positive results for both victims and offenders. Throughout, the book emphasizes the need for comprehensive policy reform in order to effect lasting change. It analyzes existing policies, identifying areas for improvement and advocating for a shift towards equitable, just, and human-centered approaches. Lastly, the book aims to inspire readers to engage in meaningful discussions, advocate for policy reform, and support restorative justice practices, with the vision of a future in which justice is not just punitive, but also healing, transformative, and imbued with a sense of fairness for all.This book is best suited for upper-level undergraduates, graduate students and researchers, and practitioners in criminal justice fields and mental health professions working with offender populations.

This book provides findings on the simulation of the valve dynamic to the current technological standards. Above all, it delivers a simulation based and predictive approach on the fatigue strength assessment of four-stroke heavy-duty engine valves. The demand for more efficient combustion engines with fuel flexibility goes along with increasing component requirements regarding strength and durability, while the development costs should remain low. In this context, the present book focuses on the gas exchange valves of heavy-duty engines. Especially, the valves on the exhaust side have an increased risk of fatigue failure. The aim of this book is the generation of a predictive fatigue strength assessment to strengthen the frontloading of the exhaust valve design process and to increase the reliability of the component. In the context of fatigue assessment, this book examines the loads of the exhaust valve during its working cycle. Beside the high temperature and cylinder pressure, further loads act on the exhaust valve like actuation force or an eccentric impact of the valve on the valve seat ring. Furthermore, a bold valve secondary dynamic in the form of valve bending vibrations is observed on the exhaust valves of heavy-duty engines increasing the valve load even more. The cause of this secondary dynamic is unknown. This book investigates the valve loads to get the necessary input for the fatigue strength assessment. With respect to a predictive approach, the determination of valve dynamic and valve loads is based on a multibody simulation model of the valve train. In order to deliver predictive results and a transferable method, this simulation model includes all relevant physical effects to describe the valve dynamic accurately during all valve load phases of the working cycle. With the simulation model, the root cause for the bold valve secondary dynamic is examined iteratively. The model delivers not only the cause for the valve secondary dynamic but most importantly the critical valve loads. These loads deliver the input for the fatigue strength assessment. To ensure the robustness of the load data determined by the simulation model, the sensitivity of influences on the valve load is examined. In this context geometrical misalignment, fluctuations in load data and variable engine operation points are considered. A load collective based on the variation of influences on the valve load is the result of this analysis. All the results of the influence and sensitivity study are generated with the newly developed simulation model of the valve train. Moreover, this book outlines measurements on a testbed engine. In scope of these measurements are temperature and strain measurements of the valve. The generated data validate the simulation model of the valve train. Additionally, the statistical evaluation of the data is used in the subsequent fatigue strength assessment to increase the reliability of the results.

Gastrointestinal cancers are among the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, with high rate of global cancer incidence and cancer-related death. Gastrointestinal cancers include esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and liver cancer, which all, except the last one, are covered in this volume. The fourth volume of the ¿Interdisciplinary Cancer Research¿ series, entitled ¿Gastrointestinal Cancers: An Interdisciplinary Approach¿ publishes comprehensive volumes on mechanisms of gastrointestinal cancers and novel immunotherapy opportunities and presents the most updated and peer-reviewed chapters on gastrointestinal cancers therapy. This interdisciplinary series is of special value to researchers working on cell biology, immunology, biochemistry, genetics, and practitioners working on oncology and gastroenterology. This is the main concept of Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), which is a part of Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN). This interdisciplinary book will be of special value for researchers, oncologists, and gastroenterologists who wish to extend their knowledge on gastrointestinal cancers.

This monograph presents the most recent developments in the study of Hamilton-Jacobi Equations and control problems with discontinuities, mainly from the viewpoint of partial differential equations. Two main cases are investigated in detail: the case of codimension 1 discontinuities and the stratified case in which the discontinuities can be of any codimensions. In both, connections with deterministic control problems are carefully studied, and numerous examples and applications are illustrated throughout the text.After an initial section that provides a ¿toolbox¿ containing key results which will be used throughout the text, Parts II and III completely describe several recently introduced approaches to treat problems involving either codimension 1 discontinuities or networks. The remaining sections are concerned with stratified problems either in the whole space R^N or in bounded or unbounded domains with state-constraints. In particular, the use of stratified solutions to treat problems with boundary conditions, where both the boundary may be non-smooth and the data may present discontinuities, is developed. Many applications to concrete problems are explored throughout the text ¿ such as Kolmogorov-Petrovsky-Piskunov (KPP) type problems, large deviations, level-sets approach, large time behavior, and homogenization ¿ and several key open problems are presented.This monograph will be of interest to graduate students and researchers working in deterministic control problems and Hamilton-Jacobi Equations, network problems, or scalar conservation laws.

The European Summer School in Logic, Language and Information (ESSLLI) is organized every year by the Association for Logic, Language and Information (FoLLI) in different sites around Europe. The papers cover vastly dierent topics, but each fall in the intersection of the three primary topics of ESSLLI: Logic, Language and Computation. The 13 papers presented in this volume have been selected among 81 submitted papers over the years 2019, 2020 and 2021. The ESSLLI Student Session is an excellent venue for students to present their work and receive valuable feedback from renowned experts in their respective fields. The Student Session accepts submissions for three different tracks: Language and Computation (LaCo), Logic and Computation (LoCo), and Logic and Language (LoLa).

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Dynamics of Information Systems, DIS 2023, which took place in Prague, Czech Republic, in September 2023. The 18 full papers included in the book were carefully reviewed and selected from 43 submissions. They deal with topics ranging from theoretical, algorithmic, and practical perspectives in information systems, to offering readers valuable information, theories and techniques.

This book presents and discusses some of the problems that are increasingly emerging today in our relationship with food as well as in our style of eating and drinking. The first three chapters focuses on issues concerning eating, and on our relationship with what we can eat. The fourth chapter deals with the act of drinking, with our relationship with water, and discusses justice aspects in the use of water. The main idea is that the acts of eating and drinking are to be understood as relationships, i.e. as a way human beings relate to other beings. As such, they can be performed ethically well or badly. Therefore, an ethics of eating and of drinking should be developed. Not only the book highlights some key ethical problems associated with the act of eating and drinking, yet it also describes some ethically sustainable solutions to them. It ends with a list of reflections, which are intended to guide our choices in the relations with food and drinks with a normative approach. Mainly written for university students and researchers in the field of applied ethics, this book will also offer an inspiring reading to a wider audience of academics and professionals.

This book explores the governance mechanisms and their implications for interorganizational relationships (IORs) in the context of disruptive technological change, with a focus on the automotive industry's transition to electric vehicles (EVs). It delves into the different forms of governance, including contractual and relational mechanisms, and the levels of codification within IORs. It addresses the gap in understanding the impact of disruptive innovation on IORs and highlights the need for strategies to effectively adapt and adjust relationships in the face of transformative changes. The research examines the interplay between disruptive forces and governance, providing insights into how firms can navigate and thrive amidst disruptions. By analysing the dynamics of governance mechanisms and their value in IORs, this book offers practical insights for organizations engaged in interorganizational relationships. It is targeted at researchers and scholars in the fields of strategic management, organizational theory, and innovation, as well as professionals involved in managing interorganizational relationships and navigating disruptive environments.

This book presents an overview of recent methods of feature selection and dimensionality reduction that are based on Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) for a clustering perspective, with particular attention to the knowledge discovery question. The authors first present a synthesis of the major recent influencing techniques and "tricks" participating in recent advances in deep clustering, as well as a recall of the main deep learning architectures. Secondly, the book highlights the most popular works by ¿family¿ to provide a more suitable starting point from which to develop a full understanding of the domain. Overall, the book proposes a comprehensive up-to-date review of deep feature selection and deep clustering methods with particular attention to the knowledge discovery question and under a multi-criteria analysis. The book can be very helpful for young researchers, non-experts, and R&D AI engineers.

This book constitutes the Revised Selected Papers of the Second International Conference, ICAETA 2023, held in Istanbul, Turkey, during March 10¿11, 2023.The 37 full papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 139 submissions. The topics cover a range of areas related to engineering, technology, and applications. Main themes of the conference include, but are not limited to: Data Analysis, Visualization and Applications; Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Computer Vision; Computer Communication and Networks; Signal Processing and Applications; Electronic Circuits, Devices, and Photonics; Power Electronics and Energy Systems.

This book describes machine learning-based new principles, methods of design and optimization of high-speed integrated circuits, included in one electronic system, which can exchange information between each other up to 128/256/512 Gbps speed. The efficiency of methods has been proven and is described on the examples of practical designs. This will enable readers to use them in similar electronic system designs. The author demonstrates newly developed principles and methods to accelerate communication between ICs, working in non-standard operating conditions, considering signal deviation compensation with linearity self-calibration. The observed circuit types also include but are not limited to mixed-signal, high performance heterogeneous integrated circuits as well as digital cores.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 52nd Annual Conference of the Southern African Computer Lecturers' Association on ICT Education, SACLA 2023, held in Gauteng, South Africa, during July 19¿21, 2023. The 12 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 42 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: student centered teaching and learning; AI and future movements; programming; and beyond the classroom.

Modern adult brain surgery is a very new discipline. While many would consider the fathers of modern neurosurgery to be people like Victor Horsley, Harvey Cushing, and Walter Dandy, they all worked in the early 20th century, in an era before the creation of equipment now considered to be ¿game-changers¿ in the field of neurosurgery. Only towards the end of the 20th century did we see such critical advances as the operating microscope, the wide availability of CT and MRI imaging, neuro-endoscopy, stereotactic neuro-navigation, stereotactic radiosurgery, interventional neuro-endovascular techniques, and intra-operative neuromonitoring. It is not just that these advances occurred only recently, but it is even more recently that they have become accessible to many neurosurgeons. Furthermore, the scientific evidence for adult brain surgery in this new era is itself extremely new and a work in progress.There is certainly both an ¿art¿ and a ¿science¿ to the practice of medicine andalso to the practice of adult brain surgery. Furthermore, there is also a wide range of acceptable practices in regards to adult brain surgery, ranging from the most conservative/minimally invasive options to the most aggressive approaches. The author of Put Down the Knife, neurosurgeon Dr. Michael Brisman, is of the belief that the pendulum in medicine has swung way too far to the ¿art¿ side and away from the ¿science.¿ Furthermore, given the very high risks associated with adult brain surgery, the default choice of treatment should be the more conservative/minimally invasive options when possible. This book explores adult brain surgery from a more conservative vantage point, highlighting potential errors in thought related to decision-making and rationales for brain surgery as well as interpretation of the surgical literature. Focused chapters then dive into considerations of less invasive and even non-invasive approaches for various conditions of the brain, including tumors,cysts, hematomas, pain and movement disorders, skull base disorders, and much more.

This book covers the challenges and opportunities presented by plastics in the modern era and sheds light on the complex interplay of technology, environment, and socio-economic dynamics. With a thorough exploration of the history, uses, and potential of plastics, the book reviews the impact of plastics beyond single-use plastics, and critiques multiple long-term plastic applications that are significant for food security, water resource management, ecological conservation/restoration, and sustainable urbanization. It also explores frameworks for achieving a more sustainable plastic economy aligned with sustainable development goals.This book comprises 13 chapters, commencing with a critical assessment of plastics in the context of sustainable development and global society. It proceeds with a historical overview of plastics' evolution, showcasing pivotal milestones and innovations in modern industry and daily life. Subsequent chapters delve into diverse topics: the intricate relationships between plastics, food security, and sustainable urbanization; plastics' impact on water safety, management, distribution, and conservation; their potential as an alternative energy source; and their innovative applications in sustainable transportation and energy generation. Emphasis is placed on plastics' role in waste reduction and recycling, as well as the latest sustainable alternatives like biodegradable and recyclable materials. In the book's final sections, readers will learn about green buildings and climate-resilient cities constructed using innovative plastic materials, and plastics' significance in space exploration. The book concludes with a forward-looking perspective on plastics' future, accompanied by recommendations for a more sustainable coexistence between society and these versatile materials.This book is a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, industry professionals, and concerned citizens seeking to navigate the intricate landscape of plastics, their environmental implications, and their potential for sustainable development.

This book gives a general overview on current research focusing on geoenvironmental issues and challenges in hydrogeosciences in the Middle East and Mediterranean region and surrounding areas. The book is based on the accepted papers for oral/poster presentations at the 3rd Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-3). Studies discuss the latest advances in geoenvironmental and hydrogeosciences from diverse backgrounds including climate change, geoecology, biogeochemistry, water resources management, and environmental monitoring and assessment. It shares insights on how the understanding of ecological, climatological, oceanic, and hydrological processes is the key for improving practices in environment management. It is of interest to scientists, engineers, practitioners, and policymakers in the field of environmental sciences including climatology, oceanography, ecology, biogeochemistry, environmental management, hydrology, hydrogeology, and geosciences in general. In particular, this book is of great value to students and environment-related professionals for further investigations on the state of earth systems.

This book aims to contribute to the discourse on climate crisis by bringing together high-quality empirical research on adaptive approaches and sustainability case studies from across the world. The book is divided into six sections. The introductory section has two chapters which sets the ground of the book as it discusses the framing of climate crisis and the different approaches towards it. It also situates the book within the global discourse. The first chapter seeks the traditional approaches to bridge the gap in the new climate science, while the second chapter delivers the ultimate reasons for temperature change, global warming and its consequences (extreme weather events) in a comprehensive way. It is hoped that the book as a whole will provide a timely synthesis of a rapidly growing and important field of climate science but will also bring forward new and stimulating ideas that will shape a coherent and fruitful vision for future work for the community of Undergraduates, Postgraduates, Ph.D. Scholars and Researchers in the fields of environmental sciences, humanistic and social sciences and geography. In addition, policy and decision makers, environmentalists, NGOs, corporate sectors, social scientists, and government organizations will find this book to be of great value. We believe that a diverse group of academics, scientists, geographers, environmentalists, environmental regulators, social scientists, and sustainable scientists with a common interest within the earth environmental sciences and humanistic and social sciences will find this book to be a comprehensive source for reference. Also, we strongly deemed that it will also provide some support for various levels of organizations and administrations for developing and achieving UN Sustainable Development Goals by 2030 in purview of climate change.

Cancer treatment is a challenging issue, while the treatment modalities have extended from traditional surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy to new therapeutic approaches, including targeted therapy, immunotherapy, stem cell transplantation, and hormone therapy. Therefore, an interdisciplinary approach is needed to find a better therapeutic protocols in order to increase the prognosis and quality of life of patients with cancer.The second volume of the ¿Interdisciplinary Cancer Research¿ series, entitled ¿Cancer Treatment: An Interdisciplinary Approach¿ publishes comprehensive volumes on different cancer treatment modalities and presents the most updated and peer-reviewed articles on cancer therapy. This interdisciplinary series is of special value to researchers and practitioners working on cell biology, immunology, hematology, biochemistry, genetics, oncology and related fields. This is the main concept of Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), which is a part of Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN). This interdisciplinary book will be of special value for researchers and clinicians who wish to extend their knowledge on cancer treatment.

This book analyzes both local and national House and Senate campaigns in the 2022 midterm elections to reveal how distinctive campaign dynamics have a collective national impact. Despite serious efforts to overturn the results of the 2020 presidential race that went mostly unopposed by Republicans, the GOP is poised to gain seats, and perhaps control of Congress less than two years later. Their efforts to accomplish this feat may be explained by the biannual pattern of surging and declining partisan electorates that political scientists have long used to explain election outcomes. But in an era where global pandemic lingers, inflation hit its highest rate in two generations, Wall Street faces its first bear market in more than a decade, war among developed nations has returned to the international stage, and efforts by a former President to maintain his grip on a party that lost the 2020 popular vote by 9 million proved largely successful, the story is clearly more complicated. The2022 midterms thus arrive on the heels of unprecedented developments for democracy in America. The Roads to Congress 2022 provides an essential guide to understanding these developments, with thematic chapters authored by more than thirty experts in campaigns and elections that explore the evolving state of party politics, electoral governance, redistricting, participation and representation, and profile the key races of the season.

This new proceedings discusses developments in air, gas and refrigeration compressors, vacuum pumps, and expanders. It is the 13th edition of the International Conference on Compressors and their Systems, a three-day conference organised by the Centre for Compressors Technology at City, University of London in collaboration with, among other, the MEchE, IIR, and IOR.The conference offers a platform to identify current challenges in the field and provide the essential content and direction to shape future research. The International Conference on Compressors and their Systems series began in 1999 as a result of industrial consultation and a need for academic collaboration. Initially, the conference was organised by the Fluid Machinery Group of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) with the support of Holroyd. From 2009, the Centre for Compressor Technology at City, University of London took over its management and the conference is now one of the main conventions,taking place biennially in the UK, becoming world-renowned for its place in industry and academia to gather and discuss a broad range of topical issues related to compressors and compression systems.This year's conference has the theme "Compressors and Expanders in Future Energy Systems¿ and will be of interest to researchers and engineers in industry.

Did you know that Bach invested in mines? That Rossini improved his income by running casinos in the opera houses which on weekends performed his operas? Or that Puccini composed shorter arias to make them fit the length of gramophone disks as they reported him huge revenues? Or who was, in financial terms, the most successful classical composer in history? This book ¿the first of its kind¿ studies and compares the finances of twenty classical composers in their historical and economical context. Each chapter details and quantifies the sources of income of these musicians (wages, royalties, subsidies, percentages over the number of performances, arrangements, investments in the musical sector, etc), thus allowing to estimate the income they obtained due to their artistic ¿ primarily compositional, but also related¿ activities. In addition, it also estimates the composer¿s expenditures, thus drawing a relatively complete image of their personal finances. This not only allows to concludeto create a ranking of composers according to their economic success, but ¿more importantly¿ for the first time gives an accurate image of the financial situation of a broad set of composers. This allows to correct many false believes while also giving new insights on the relation between economics and music history.

This book highlights some of the latest advances in nanotechnology and nanomaterials from leading researchers in Ukraine, Europe and beyond. It features contributions presented at the 10th International Science and Practice Conference Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials (NANO2022), which was held in hybrid format on August 25-27, 2022 at Lviv House of Scientists, and was jointly organized by the Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, University of Tartu (Estonia), University of Turin (Italy), and Pierre and Marie Curie University (France). Internationally recognized experts from a wide range of universities and research institutions share their knowledge and key findings on material properties, behavior, synthesis and their applications.The book will be interesting for leading scientists, advanced undergraduate and graduate students in material and nanoscience. This book¿s companion volume also addresses topics such as nano-optics, nanoelectronics,energy storage, nanochemistryl and biomedical applications.

This book delves into the world of metakaolin (MK) and its impact on the properties of geopolymers. Beginning with an introduction to the abundance and versatility of kaolin, the author explores how calcination transforms it into the highly reactive material known as MK. The book investigates the incorporation of MK into different types of geopolymers and examines how factors such as precursor type and fineness, MK fineness, activator type and concentration, curing conditions, and testing age influence the resulting properties. Through a meticulous evaluation of prior studies, the text presents valuable insights into workability, setting time, density, compressive strength (with specific focus on slag, fly ash, and other precursors), flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, elastic modulus, porosity, water absorption, shrinkage, carbonation resistance, corrosion resistance, and other durability aspects. Drawing upon a wealth of knowledge, this work serves as a comprehensive reference for researchers and offers a roadmap for future investigations.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Decision and Game Theory for Security, GameSec 2023, held in Avignon, France, during October 18¿20, 2023.The 19 full papers and 4 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 33 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Mechanism design and imperfect information, Security Games, Learning in security games, Cyber deception, Economics of security, Information and privacy and Short articles.