The impact of the tramway on the development of outdoor urban spaces

Over the past two decades, the city of Constantine has undergone profound economic and social change, as well as rapid urbanization, which has led to an increase in traffic volumes and the need to move around the city. In addition, the complexity of Constantine's topography makes it difficult to develop the city in terms of space and to build new communication routes. In view of this, the introduction of a new means of urban transport, such as the tramway in Constantine, is not simply an urban planning gesture, but an opportunity to solve the problems of traffic jams and the asphyxiation that the Constantine road network has been experiencing for some years, and also to improve the quality of the image of the city of Constantine by giving it a new effect through the development of qualitative outdoor urban spaces along its route.